Article(id=1322168347597320813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322168262247432815, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.05.017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1738857600000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-07, revisedDate=1763308800000, revisedDateStr=2025-11-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793159098766, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1773072000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793159098766, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793159098766, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793159098766, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322168262247432815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='5', pageStart='705', pageEnd='880', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1773072000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793159078418, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793159078418, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=828, endPage=835, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322168347853173358, articleId=1322168347597320813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Relationship between latent profiles of symptom characteristics and supportive care needs in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, columnId=1220689488284668633, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Comprehensive Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the latent profiles and influencing factors of symptom characteristics in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy,and to explore the relationship between different symptom profiles and supportive care needs.

Methods

A total of 302 postoperative breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy from November 2023 to August 2024 were selected from three tertiary Grade A hospitals in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.A general information questionnaire,the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale,and the 34-item Short-Form Supportive Care Needs Survey were used for investigation.Latent profile analysis was employed to identify potential profiles of symptom characteristics.Univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of different profiles and their relationship with supportive care needs.

Results

The symptom characteristics of postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy could be categorized into three latent profiles:a low-symptom burden group(54.3%),a moderate-symptom burden-gastrointestinal symptoms group(28.5%),and a high-symptom burden group(17.2%).Body Mass Index(BMI),number of comorbidities,number of chemotherapy cycles,and whether targeted therapy was used,psychological needs,care and support needs were identified as influencing factors for the symptom characteristics across different profiles(P<0.05).Scores on physiological and daily living needs,psychological needs,and care and support needs significantly differed among the different profile groups(P<0.05).

Conclusions

Symptoms among postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy demonstrate significant population heterogeneity and are associated with varying levels of unmet supportive care needs.Nursing staff should implement patient-centered symptom management strategies based on patients' specific symptom profile characteristics to meet their supportive care needs effectively.

, authors=Xiaohan ZHAO1, Ping LI1, Ming HOU2, Guangping DU3, Tianqing ZHUANG1, Haoyu CHEN1, authorsList=Xiaohan ZHAO, Ping LI, Ming HOU, Guangping DU, Tianqing ZHUANG, Haoyu CHEN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Ping LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
LI Ping, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322168349975491185, articleId=1322168347597320813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征潜在剖面与支持性照护需求的关系, columnId=1220689488938980091, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=综合研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征的潜在剖面及影响因素,探究不同症状剖面与支持性照护需求的关系。

方法

抽取2023年11月—2024年8月就诊于新疆维吾尔自治区3所三级甲等医院的302例乳腺癌术后化疗病人为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、记忆症状评估量表和支持性照护需求简明问卷进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析识别乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征的潜在剖面,通过单因素分析、多分类Logistic回归分析探讨不同剖面的影响因素及其与支持性照护需求的关系。

结果

乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征可分为低症状负担组(54.3%)、中症状负担-胃肠道症状组(28.5%)和高症状负担组(17.2%)3个剖面。体质指数(BMI)、共病数量、化疗次数、是否使用靶向药、心理需求及照顾与支持需求是不同剖面病人症状特征的影响因素(P<0.05)。不同剖面病人的生理及日常生活需求、心理需求、照顾与支持需求得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

乳腺癌术后化疗病人的症状具有明显的群体异质性,且存在不同的未满足支持性照护需求。护理人员应根据病人症状的剖面特征,推进以病人为中心、满足其支持性照护需求的症状管理。

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赵筱晗,护师,硕士研究生在读

, correspAuthorsNote=
李萍,E-mail:
LI Ping, E-mail:
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articleTitle=乳腺癌患者支持性照顾需求与生活质量的纵向研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322530179486962130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=102, issue=39, pageStart=3080, pageEnd=3094, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=30, authorNames=中国抗癌协会肿瘤临床化疗专业委员会, 中国抗癌协会肿瘤支持治疗专业委员会, journalName=中华医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国抗癌协会肿瘤临床化疗专业委员会,中国抗癌协会肿瘤支持治疗专业委员会.中国肿瘤药物治疗相关恶心呕吐防治专家共识(2022年版)[J].中华医学杂志,2022,102(39):3080-3094., articleTitle=中国肿瘤药物治疗相关恶心呕吐防治专家共识(2022年版), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322530179558265299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=31, authorNames=车洪, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=车洪.基于循证的癌症儿童主要照顾者心理韧性干预方案的构建[D].成都:电子科技大学,2024., articleTitle=基于循证的癌症儿童主要照顾者心理韧性干预方案的构建, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322530167340257647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322530167357034864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, companyId=1322530167340257647, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Xinjiang 832003 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322530167373812081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, companyId=1322530167340257647, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1石河子大学医学院,新疆 832003)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322530167432532338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, 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country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322530167549972855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, companyId=1322530167529001333, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3石河子大学第一附属医院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322530174042755490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Characteristic distribution of the three latent profiles of symptom severity in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, figureFileSmall=roALalwLTAJNkMSskglgVA==, figureFileBig=ngnYBzG2vzffSm22DVR4dw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322530174114058659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=CN, label=图1, caption=乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状严重程度3个潜在剖面的特征分布, figureFileSmall=roALalwLTAJNkMSskglgVA==, figureFileBig=ngnYBzG2vzffSm22DVR4dw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322530174206333348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Incidence and severity of symptoms in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy(n=302)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
症状例数(%)症状严重程度[M(P25,P75),分]症状例数(%)症状严重程度[M(P25,P75),分]
疲乏235(77.8)2.00(2.00,3.00)疼痛143(47.4)2.00(2.00,3.00)
睡眠不佳197(65.2)2.00(2.00,3.00)感到焦虑143(47.4)2.00(1.00,2.00)
食欲缺乏189(62.6)2.00(2.00,3.00)多汗129(42.7)2.00(2.00,2.00)
感到“不像自己”186(61.6)2.00(1.00,2.00)皮肤改变123(40.7)2.00(2.00,3.00)
恶心180(59.6)2.00(2.00,3.00)手脚麻木刺痛121(40.1)2.00(2.00,3.00)
脱发161(53.3)2.00(1.00,2.00)感到悲伤106(35.1)2.00(1.00,2.00)
口干160(53.0)2.00(2.00,3.00)皮肤瘙痒104(34.4)2.00(1.00,2.00)
食物味道改变159(52.6)2.00(1.00,2.00)感到紧张94(31.1)2.00(1.00,2.00)
呕吐148(49.0)2.00(1.00,2.00)便秘62(20.5)2.00(2.00,3.00)
感到烦躁146(48.3)2.00(1.00,2.00)手脚肿胀62(20.5)1.00(1.00,2.00)
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174306996645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

乳腺癌术后化疗病人发生率≥20%的症状严重程度(n=302)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
症状例数(%)症状严重程度[M(P25,P75),分]症状例数(%)症状严重程度[M(P25,P75),分]
疲乏235(77.8)2.00(2.00,3.00)疼痛143(47.4)2.00(2.00,3.00)
睡眠不佳197(65.2)2.00(2.00,3.00)感到焦虑143(47.4)2.00(1.00,2.00)
食欲缺乏189(62.6)2.00(2.00,3.00)多汗129(42.7)2.00(2.00,2.00)
感到“不像自己”186(61.6)2.00(1.00,2.00)皮肤改变123(40.7)2.00(2.00,3.00)
恶心180(59.6)2.00(2.00,3.00)手脚麻木刺痛121(40.1)2.00(2.00,3.00)
脱发161(53.3)2.00(1.00,2.00)感到悲伤106(35.1)2.00(1.00,2.00)
口干160(53.0)2.00(2.00,3.00)皮肤瘙痒104(34.4)2.00(1.00,2.00)
食物味道改变159(52.6)2.00(1.00,2.00)感到紧张94(31.1)2.00(1.00,2.00)
呕吐148(49.0)2.00(1.00,2.00)便秘62(20.5)2.00(2.00,3.00)
感到烦躁146(48.3)2.00(1.00,2.00)手脚肿胀62(20.5)1.00(1.00,2.00)
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174365716902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Total score and dimension scores of supportive care needs[M(P25,P75),n=302]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目维度得分条目均分
总分74.00(69.00,79.00)2.18(2.03,2.32)
生理与日常生活需求12.00(10.00,14.00)2.40(2.00,2.80)
心理需求24.00(22.00,27.00)2.40(2.20,2.70)
性需求3.00(3.00,5.00)1.00(1.00,1.67)
照顾与支持需求10.00(9.00,11.00)2.00(1.80,2.20)
健康信息需求24.00(22.00,26.00)2.18(2.00,2.36)
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174432825767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

支持性照护需求总分及各维度得分[M(P25,P75),n=302]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目维度得分条目均分
总分74.00(69.00,79.00)2.18(2.03,2.32)
生理与日常生活需求12.00(10.00,14.00)2.40(2.00,2.80)
心理需求24.00(22.00,27.00)2.40(2.20,2.70)
性需求3.00(3.00,5.00)1.00(1.00,1.67)
照顾与支持需求10.00(9.00,11.00)2.00(1.80,2.20)
健康信息需求24.00(22.00,26.00)2.18(2.00,2.36)
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174491546024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Model fit indices for the latent profile analysis of postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型AICBICaBICEntropyP类别概率
LMRTBLRT
117 902.45418 050.87117 924.013
217 164.60517 390.94117 197.4820.9410.003<0.0010.785/0.215
316 874.67417 178.92916 918.8700.9380.006<0.0010.543/0.285/0.172
416 673.64717 055.82116 729.1610.9170.388<0.0010.361/0.278/0.202/0.159
516 548.20917 008.30216 615.0410.9380.522<0.0010.202/0.348/0.265/0.149/0.036
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174554460585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

乳腺癌术后化疗病人潜在剖面分析的拟合指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型AICBICaBICEntropyP类别概率
LMRTBLRT
117 902.45418 050.87117 924.013
217 164.60517 390.94117 197.4820.9410.003<0.0010.785/0.215
316 874.67417 178.92916 918.8700.9380.006<0.0010.543/0.285/0.172
416 673.64717 055.82116 729.1610.9170.388<0.0010.361/0.278/0.202/0.159
516 548.20917 008.30216 615.0410.9380.522<0.0010.202/0.348/0.265/0.149/0.036
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174629958058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Univariate analysis of influencing factors for latent symptom profiles in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目分类低症状负担组(n=164)中症状负担-胃肠道症状组(n=86)高症状负担组(n=52)统计值P
年龄[例(%)]≤40岁20(12.2)18(20.9)6(11.5)H=3.8790.144
>40~50岁51(31.1)25(29.1)13(25.0)
>50~60岁65(39.6)36(41.9)29(55.8)
>60岁28(17.1)7(8.1)4(7.7)
BMI[例(%)]<18.5 kg/m22(1.2)3(3.5)3(5.8)H=11.2600.004
18.5~<24.0 kg/m259(36.0)33(38.4)28(53.8)
24.0~<28.0 kg/m261(37.2)37(43.0)16(30.8)
≥28.0 kg/m242(25.6)13(15.1)5(9.6)
居住地[例(%)]城镇121(73.8)70(81.4)46(88.5)χ2=5.6440.059
农村43(26.2)16(18.6)6(11.5)
文化程度[例(%)]初中及以下56(34.1)32(37.2)21(40.4)H=1.0350.596
高中及中专57(34.8)27(31.4)18(34.6)
专科及高职31(18.9)16(18.6)9(17.3)
本科及以上20(12.2)11(12.8)4(7.7)
工作状况[例(%)]务农23(14.0)8(9.3)9(17.3)χ2=10.6340.100
在职52(31.7)39(45.3)16(30.8)
无业27(16.5)8(9.3)3(5.8)
退休62(37.8)31(36.0)24(46.2)
婚姻状况[例(%)]已婚157(95.7)81(94.2)49(94.2)χ2=0.3710.818
未婚/离异/丧偶7(4.3)5(5.8)3(5.8)
家庭人均月收入[例(%)]≤3 000元14(8.5)7(8.1)9(17.3)H=1.2290.541
>3 000~<6 000元85(51.8)50(58.1)24(46.2)
≥6 000元65(39.6)29(33.7)19(36.5)
医疗费用支付方式[例(%)]职工医疗93(56.7)52(60.5)39(75.0)χ2=10.3780.079
居民医疗50(30.5)24(27.9)10(19.2)
新型农村合作医疗21(12.8)10(11.6)2(3.8)
自费0(0.0)0(0.0)1(1.9)
诊断部位[例(%)]左乳87(53.0)46(53.5)23(44.2)χ2=2.6110.640
右乳72(43.9)36(41.9)28(53.8)
双侧5(3.0)4(4.7)1(1.9)
病理类型[例(%)]浸润性癌156(95.1)76(88.4)48(92.3)χ2=9.5010.202
浸润性癌伴黏液腺癌0(0.0)1(1.2)0(0.0)
浸润性癌伴原位癌3(1.8)6(7.0)2(3.8)
黏液腺癌3(1.8)2(2.3)0(0.0)
原位癌2(1.2)1(1.2)2(3.8)
临床分期[例(%)]Ⅰ期或Ⅱ期95(57.9)61(70.9)31(59.6)H=4.1730.124
Ⅲ期或Ⅳ期69(42.1)25(29.1)21(40.4)
共病数量[例(%)]<3个125(76.2)55(64.0)48(92.3)H=14.138<0.001
≥3个39(23.8)31(36.0)4(7.7)
化疗次数[例(%)]<3次35(21.3)27(31.4)12(23.1)H=14.474<0.001
3~6次60(36.6)45(52.3)29(55.8)
>6次69(42.1)14(16.3)11(21.2)
手术范围[例(%)]淋巴20(12.2)11(12.8)10(19.2)χ2=1.7290.442
淋巴及乳腺144(87.8)75(87.2)42(80.8)
靶向药使用[例(%)]是57(34.8)10(11.6)9(17.3)χ2=18.084<0.001
否107(65.2)76(88.4)43(82.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174713844139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状潜在剖面影响因素的单因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目分类低症状负担组(n=164)中症状负担-胃肠道症状组(n=86)高症状负担组(n=52)统计值P
年龄[例(%)]≤40岁20(12.2)18(20.9)6(11.5)H=3.8790.144
>40~50岁51(31.1)25(29.1)13(25.0)
>50~60岁65(39.6)36(41.9)29(55.8)
>60岁28(17.1)7(8.1)4(7.7)
BMI[例(%)]<18.5 kg/m22(1.2)3(3.5)3(5.8)H=11.2600.004
18.5~<24.0 kg/m259(36.0)33(38.4)28(53.8)
24.0~<28.0 kg/m261(37.2)37(43.0)16(30.8)
≥28.0 kg/m242(25.6)13(15.1)5(9.6)
居住地[例(%)]城镇121(73.8)70(81.4)46(88.5)χ2=5.6440.059
农村43(26.2)16(18.6)6(11.5)
文化程度[例(%)]初中及以下56(34.1)32(37.2)21(40.4)H=1.0350.596
高中及中专57(34.8)27(31.4)18(34.6)
专科及高职31(18.9)16(18.6)9(17.3)
本科及以上20(12.2)11(12.8)4(7.7)
工作状况[例(%)]务农23(14.0)8(9.3)9(17.3)χ2=10.6340.100
在职52(31.7)39(45.3)16(30.8)
无业27(16.5)8(9.3)3(5.8)
退休62(37.8)31(36.0)24(46.2)
婚姻状况[例(%)]已婚157(95.7)81(94.2)49(94.2)χ2=0.3710.818
未婚/离异/丧偶7(4.3)5(5.8)3(5.8)
家庭人均月收入[例(%)]≤3 000元14(8.5)7(8.1)9(17.3)H=1.2290.541
>3 000~<6 000元85(51.8)50(58.1)24(46.2)
≥6 000元65(39.6)29(33.7)19(36.5)
医疗费用支付方式[例(%)]职工医疗93(56.7)52(60.5)39(75.0)χ2=10.3780.079
居民医疗50(30.5)24(27.9)10(19.2)
新型农村合作医疗21(12.8)10(11.6)2(3.8)
自费0(0.0)0(0.0)1(1.9)
诊断部位[例(%)]左乳87(53.0)46(53.5)23(44.2)χ2=2.6110.640
右乳72(43.9)36(41.9)28(53.8)
双侧5(3.0)4(4.7)1(1.9)
病理类型[例(%)]浸润性癌156(95.1)76(88.4)48(92.3)χ2=9.5010.202
浸润性癌伴黏液腺癌0(0.0)1(1.2)0(0.0)
浸润性癌伴原位癌3(1.8)6(7.0)2(3.8)
黏液腺癌3(1.8)2(2.3)0(0.0)
原位癌2(1.2)1(1.2)2(3.8)
临床分期[例(%)]Ⅰ期或Ⅱ期95(57.9)61(70.9)31(59.6)H=4.1730.124
Ⅲ期或Ⅳ期69(42.1)25(29.1)21(40.4)
共病数量[例(%)]<3个125(76.2)55(64.0)48(92.3)H=14.138<0.001
≥3个39(23.8)31(36.0)4(7.7)
化疗次数[例(%)]<3次35(21.3)27(31.4)12(23.1)H=14.474<0.001
3~6次60(36.6)45(52.3)29(55.8)
>6次69(42.1)14(16.3)11(21.2)
手术范围[例(%)]淋巴20(12.2)11(12.8)10(19.2)χ2=1.7290.442
淋巴及乳腺144(87.8)75(87.2)42(80.8)
靶向药使用[例(%)]是57(34.8)10(11.6)9(17.3)χ2=18.084<0.001
否107(65.2)76(88.4)43(82.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174776758700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Comparison of supportive care needs across different symptom latent profiles in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目低症状负担组(n=164)中症状负担-胃肠道症状组(n=86)高症状负担组(n=52)H值P
总体2.12(1.97,2.26)2.18(2.00,2.29)2.38(2.15,2.76)26.933<0.001
生理与日常生活需求2.40(1.80,2.80)2.20(1.80,2.80)2.60(2.20,3.15)①②14.290<0.001
心理需求2.40(2.10,2.60)2.40(2.10,2.60)2.90(2.50,3.37)①②38.951<0.001
性需求1.00(1.00,1.67)1.00(1.00,1.67)1.00(1.00,1.00)2.6180.270
照顾与支持需求2.00(1.80,2.00)2.00(2.00,2.20)①2.20(1.65,2.60)①11.5090.003
健康信息需求2.18(2.00,2.27)2.18(2.00,2.27)2.09(2.00,2.61)1.9110.385
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174848061869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

乳腺癌术后化疗病人不同症状潜在剖面的支持性照护需求比较

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项目低症状负担组(n=164)中症状负担-胃肠道症状组(n=86)高症状负担组(n=52)H值P
总体2.12(1.97,2.26)2.18(2.00,2.29)2.38(2.15,2.76)26.933<0.001
生理与日常生活需求2.40(1.80,2.80)2.20(1.80,2.80)2.60(2.20,3.15)①②14.290<0.001
心理需求2.40(2.10,2.60)2.40(2.10,2.60)2.90(2.50,3.37)①②38.951<0.001
性需求1.00(1.00,1.67)1.00(1.00,1.67)1.00(1.00,1.00)2.6180.270
照顾与支持需求2.00(1.80,2.00)2.00(2.00,2.20)①2.20(1.65,2.60)①11.5090.003
健康信息需求2.18(2.00,2.27)2.18(2.00,2.27)2.09(2.00,2.61)1.9110.385
), ArticleFig(id=1322530174931947950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Variable assignment

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变量赋值说明
BMI≥28.0 kg/m2(0,0,0);<18.5 kg/m2(1,0,0);18.5~<24.0 kg/m2(0,1,0);24.0~<28.0 kg/m2(0,0,1)
共病数量≥3种=0;<3种=1
化疗次数>6次(0,0);<3次(0,1);3~6次(1,0)
靶向药使用是=0,否=1
), ArticleFig(id=1322530175024222639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

变量赋值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量赋值说明
BMI≥28.0 kg/m2(0,0,0);<18.5 kg/m2(1,0,0);18.5~<24.0 kg/m2(0,1,0);24.0~<28.0 kg/m2(0,0,1)
共病数量≥3种=0;<3种=1
化疗次数>6次(0,0);<3次(0,1);3~6次(1,0)
靶向药使用是=0,否=1
), ArticleFig(id=1322530175099720112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Logistic regression analysis of influencing factors for latent symptom profiles in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量中症状负担-胃肠道症状组高症状负担组
回归系数OR值95%CIP回归系数OR值95%CIP
常量-2.6590.020-9.505<0.001
BMI <18.5 kg/m21.9957.351[0.909,59.437]0.0612.0227.554[0.704,81.022]0.095
18.5~<24.0 kg/m20.8112.251[0.984,5.150]0.0550.9102.485[0.776,7.962]0.125
24.0~<28.0 kg/m20.9922.696[1.192,6.097]0.0170.9232.518[0.762,8.321]0.130
共病数量 <3个-0.8360.433[0.221,0.850]0.0150.9322.539[0.783,8.231]0.120
化疗次数 <3次1.5064.511[1.807,11.263]0.0010.1011.107[0.336,3.645]0.868
3~6次1.5854.877[2.208,10.774]<0.0011.2193.385[1.335,8.583]0.010
靶向药使用-1.2420.289[0.131,0.637]0.002-0.7020.496[0.198,1.243]0.134
心理需求-0.3450.708[0.332,1.511]0.3721.8176.151[2.465,15.348]<0.001
照顾与支持需求1.1913.291[1.394,7.768]0.0070.6891.992[0.781,5.081]0.149
), ArticleFig(id=1322530175175217585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322168347597320813, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状潜在剖面影响因素的Logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量中症状负担-胃肠道症状组高症状负担组
回归系数OR值95%CIP回归系数OR值95%CIP
常量-2.6590.020-9.505<0.001
BMI <18.5 kg/m21.9957.351[0.909,59.437]0.0612.0227.554[0.704,81.022]0.095
18.5~<24.0 kg/m20.8112.251[0.984,5.150]0.0550.9102.485[0.776,7.962]0.125
24.0~<28.0 kg/m20.9922.696[1.192,6.097]0.0170.9232.518[0.762,8.321]0.130
共病数量 <3个-0.8360.433[0.221,0.850]0.0150.9322.539[0.783,8.231]0.120
化疗次数 <3次1.5064.511[1.807,11.263]0.0010.1011.107[0.336,3.645]0.868
3~6次1.5854.877[2.208,10.774]<0.0011.2193.385[1.335,8.583]0.010
靶向药使用-1.2420.289[0.131,0.637]0.002-0.7020.496[0.198,1.243]0.134
心理需求-0.3450.708[0.332,1.511]0.3721.8176.151[2.465,15.348]<0.001
照顾与支持需求1.1913.291[1.394,7.768]0.0070.6891.992[0.781,5.081]0.149
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乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征潜在剖面与支持性照护需求的关系
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赵筱晗 1 , 李萍 1, *, *, * , 侯铭 2 , 杜广平 3 , 庄天晴 1 , 陈昊昱 1
护理研究 | 综合研究 2026,40(5): 828-835
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护理研究 |综合研究 2026 , 40 (5) : 828 -835
乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征潜在剖面与支持性照护需求的关系
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赵筱晗1, 李萍1, *, *, * , 侯铭2, 杜广平3, 庄天晴1, 陈昊昱1
作者信息
  • 1石河子大学医学院,新疆 832003
  • 2新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院
  • 3石河子大学第一附属医院
通讯作者:
李萍,E-mail:
LI Ping, E-mail:
作者简介:

赵筱晗,护师,硕士研究生在读

Relationship between latent profiles of symptom characteristics and supportive care needs in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
Xiaohan ZHAO1, Ping LI1 , Ming HOU2, Guangping DU3, Tianqing ZHUANG1, Haoyu CHEN1
Affiliations
  • 1School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Xinjiang 832003 China
  • 2People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
  • 3The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University
  • Corresponding Author:
    LI Ping, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-03-10 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.05.017
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目的

分析乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征的潜在剖面及影响因素,探究不同症状剖面与支持性照护需求的关系。

方法

抽取2023年11月—2024年8月就诊于新疆维吾尔自治区3所三级甲等医院的302例乳腺癌术后化疗病人为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、记忆症状评估量表和支持性照护需求简明问卷进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析识别乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征的潜在剖面,通过单因素分析、多分类Logistic回归分析探讨不同剖面的影响因素及其与支持性照护需求的关系。

结果

乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征可分为低症状负担组(54.3%)、中症状负担-胃肠道症状组(28.5%)和高症状负担组(17.2%)3个剖面。体质指数(BMI)、共病数量、化疗次数、是否使用靶向药、心理需求及照顾与支持需求是不同剖面病人症状特征的影响因素(P<0.05)。不同剖面病人的生理及日常生活需求、心理需求、照顾与支持需求得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

乳腺癌术后化疗病人的症状具有明显的群体异质性,且存在不同的未满足支持性照护需求。护理人员应根据病人症状的剖面特征,推进以病人为中心、满足其支持性照护需求的症状管理。

乳腺癌  /  症状负担  /  支持性照护  /  照护需求  /  潜在剖面分析  /  调查研究
Objective

To analyze the latent profiles and influencing factors of symptom characteristics in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy,and to explore the relationship between different symptom profiles and supportive care needs.

Methods

A total of 302 postoperative breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy from November 2023 to August 2024 were selected from three tertiary Grade A hospitals in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.A general information questionnaire,the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale,and the 34-item Short-Form Supportive Care Needs Survey were used for investigation.Latent profile analysis was employed to identify potential profiles of symptom characteristics.Univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of different profiles and their relationship with supportive care needs.

Results

The symptom characteristics of postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy could be categorized into three latent profiles:a low-symptom burden group(54.3%),a moderate-symptom burden-gastrointestinal symptoms group(28.5%),and a high-symptom burden group(17.2%).Body Mass Index(BMI),number of comorbidities,number of chemotherapy cycles,and whether targeted therapy was used,psychological needs,care and support needs were identified as influencing factors for the symptom characteristics across different profiles(P<0.05).Scores on physiological and daily living needs,psychological needs,and care and support needs significantly differed among the different profile groups(P<0.05).

Conclusions

Symptoms among postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy demonstrate significant population heterogeneity and are associated with varying levels of unmet supportive care needs.Nursing staff should implement patient-centered symptom management strategies based on patients' specific symptom profile characteristics to meet their supportive care needs effectively.

breast cancer  /  symptom burden  /  supportive care  /  care needs  /  latent profile analysis  /  survey research
赵筱晗, 李萍, 侯铭, 杜广平, 庄天晴, 陈昊昱. 乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征潜在剖面与支持性照护需求的关系. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (5) : 828 -835 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.05.017
Xiaohan ZHAO, Ping LI, Ming HOU, Guangping DU, Tianqing ZHUANG, Haoyu CHEN. Relationship between latent profiles of symptom characteristics and supportive care needs in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (5) : 828 -835 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.05.017
乳腺癌是女性中最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。据统计,2022年全球新发乳腺癌病例约230万例,居全球癌症发病例数第2位[1];同期,中国新发乳腺癌病例约35.72万例,位居女性癌症发病例数第2位[2]。随着早期诊断和手术、化疗等治疗水平的提高,乳腺癌病人的5年生存率可达90%[3],但病人在术后化疗期间会经历多种身心症状[4],这些症状交织协同作用形成症状群。症状群是由两个及以上彼此相关且同时发生的症状组成,相比于单个症状,症状群的发生发展对病人的健康状况及预后的影响更大[5]。支持性照护需求是癌症病人在患病期间为应对癌症所希望获得的疾病管理、身体心理等多方面的需求[6]。有研究显示,乳腺癌病人在诊疗过程中会面临较多未满足的支持性照护需求,而症状负担与一系列未满足的需求密切相关[7],为病人提供及时的支持性照护可以促进病人心理适应并缓解症状负担[8]。目前研究主要以乳腺癌病人症状得分来界定病人的症状负担水平,未充分考虑个体的症状异质性。潜在剖面分析是根据个体在外显变量上的不同反应进行分类、识别群体异质性的统计方法[9]。本研究拟采用潜在剖面分析探讨乳腺癌术后化疗病人的症状特征类别,并探究不同类别与支持性照护需求间的关系,以期为制定满足病人个体化照护需求的症状管理方案提供依据。
采用便利抽样法,选取2023年11月—2024年8月就诊于新疆维吾尔自治区3所三级甲等医院乳腺甲状腺科、肿瘤科的乳腺癌术后化疗病人作为调查对象。纳入标准:依据病理检查结果诊断为乳腺癌;已行手术并接受静脉化疗;年龄≥18岁;知情同意参与本研究。排除标准:有精神疾病或严重意识、沟通障碍者;同时接受其他治疗者;处于终末期的病人(预计生存时间≤6个月);不知病情者。根据回归样本分析样本量计算方式,样本量应为变量数的5~10倍[10],本研究自变量16个,考虑到20%的失访,所需样本量为96~192例,最终纳入302例。调查前已获得石河子大学第一附属医院伦理委员会批准(审批号:KJ2023-478-01)。
经过文献查阅及课题组讨论,结合本研究自行设计,包括年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度等人口学资料和病理类型、肿瘤分期、手术范围、化疗次数等疾病相关资料。
量表由Portenoy等[11]研制的多维度、多症状评估量表,用于评估病人过去1周内症状的发生情况。该量表共32个条目,其中24个条目评估症状的发生频率、严重程度和困扰程度,8个条目评估症状的严重程度和困扰程度,本研究未对困扰程度进行统计分析。若症状不存在则在相应位置写“无”,症状的发生频率采用Likert 4级评分,从“很少”到“持续出现”分别计1~4分;严重程度采用Likert 4级评分,从“轻微”到“非常严重”分别计1~4分;困扰程度采用Likert 5级评分,从“完全没有”到“很多”分别计1~5分。Cheng等[12]对MSAS进行汉化,中文版量表Cronbach′s α系数为0.870。本研究中量表Cronbach′s α系数为0.949。
问卷由Boyes等[13]研制用于评估癌症病人支持性照护需求的普适性评估工具。问卷涉及生理与日常生活需求、心理需求、性需求、照顾与支持需求、健康信息需求5个维度,共34个条目。采用Likert 5级评分法,从“无需求”到“高度需要”分别计1~5分。量表总体条目均分或各维度条目均分>2分时,代表总体或该维度存在着未满足的需求;<2分时,代表总体或该维度的需求得到满足。量表总分为34~68分提示支持性照护需求水平低,69~102分提示需求水平中等,>102分提示需求水平高[14]。杨璞等[15]对中文版量表进行信效度分析得Cronbach′s α系数为0.953。本研究中该量表Cronbach′s α系数为0.896。
采用纸质问卷收集资料。采用统一指导语向病人说明本研究目的、问卷填写内容及方法,征得病人知情同意后,由病人填写问卷,对于不能亲自填写的,由调查员以问答方式代为填写。填写完成后,当场收回并核查有无错漏。人口学资料和疾病相关资料由病人填写并由调查员根据医疗记录核实。本研究发放315份调查问卷,经数据核查后获得有效问卷302份,有效回收率为95.9%。
采用Mplus 8.3和SPSS 27.0统计软件进行数据分析。定性资料采用频数、百分比(%)表示;定量资料服从正态分布用均数±标准差(x¯±s)表示,非正态分布用中位数、四分位数[M(P25,P75)]表示。采用Mplus 8.3对发生率≥20%的20个症状严重程度得分进行潜在剖面分析[16],从单个类别模型开始递增类别数目,综合考虑模型拟合指标及临床情况确定最佳拟合模型。模型拟合指标包括赤池信息准则(Akaike information criterion,AIC)、贝叶斯信息准则(Bayesian information criterion,BIC)、样本校正的贝叶斯信息准则(adjusted BIC,aBIC),值越小则模型拟合度越高。熵(Entropy)是评价模型分类精确度的指标,取值为0~1,≥0.8表示分类准确度较高。罗-蒙戴尔-鲁本似然比检验(Lo-Mendell-Rubin likelihood ratio test,LMRT)和基于Bootstrap似然比检验(Bootstrapped likelihood ratio test,BLRT)是模型比较指标,P<0.05表示第k个类别模型优于k-1个类别模型。将单因素分析中有统计学意义的变量为自变量进行多分类Logistic回归分析。检验水准α=0.05。
本研究以发生率≥20%的20个症状严重程度得分为外显指标进行潜在剖面分析,共拟合出5个模型,见表3。模型类别数从1递增至5,AIC、BIC、aBIC逐渐减小,以模型3为转折点平缓下降。模型4、模型5的LMRT的P值均未达显著水平(P>0.05),模型3各潜在类别的归属概率的最低值为0.963,高于模型2各潜在类别的归属概率最低值0.948,归类概率越高则归类正确性越高[9],因此选择模型3为最优拟合模型。各类别病人归属该类别的平均概率为96.3%~98.6%。根据模型3绘制潜在剖面图,见图1。C1组与C3组相比,C1组在整体得分较低,C3组在整体得分处于高值;C2组整体得分高于C1组,并在恶心、呕吐、食欲缺乏得分明显高于C1组;且C2组在恶心、呕吐得分高于C3组。因此将C1、C2、C3分别命名为低症状负担组、中症状负担-胃肠道症状组、高症状负担组。
302例病人年龄为(50.97±9.77)岁,BMI为(25.02±4.06)kg/m2。不同潜在剖面的乳腺癌术后化疗病人BMI、共病数量、化疗次数、是否使用靶向药比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。具体见表4。
乳腺癌术后化疗病人支持性照护需求总分为74.00(69.00,79.00)分,病人支持性照护需求处于中等水平。低症状负担组、中症状负担-胃肠道症状组、高症状负担组乳腺癌术后化疗病人的支持性照护需求总分分别为72.00(67.00,77.00)分,74(68.00,78.00)分,81(73.00,93.75)分,3组得分比较差异有统计学意义(H=26.933,P<0.001)。不同症状剖面乳腺癌术后化疗病人在生理及日常生活需求、心理需求、照顾与支持需求维度均分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。具体见表5。
以乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状的3个类别作为因变量,以低症状负担组为参照,单因素分析中有统计学意义的变量为自变量,进行无序多分类Logistic回归分析。自变量中病人支持性照护需求各维度均分以原值代入,其他自变量赋值见表6。结果显示,BMI、共病数量、化疗次数、是否使用靶向药、心理需求和照顾与支持需求是乳腺癌术后化疗病人症状特征潜在剖面的影响因素(P<0.05)。具体见表7。
本研究将乳腺癌术后化疗病人的症状特征分为低症状负担组、中症状负担-胃肠道症状组、高症状负担组3个类别,与St Fleur等[17]研究结果相似,提示乳腺癌病人在术后化疗期间症状存在显著的群体异质性。高症状负担组病人占17.2%,在疲乏、睡眠不佳等症状得分均为最高。有研究显示,乳腺癌病人的疲乏与疼痛及睡眠障碍呈正相关[18],提示三者可能相互作用并在部分病人中形成症状较重且聚集的表现。护理人员应重点关注疲乏,将其当作干预的重要靶点,阻止其相关症状的传播,达到减轻病人症状负担的目的。中症状负担-胃肠道症状组病人占28.5%,该组病人症状整体得分处于中等水平,但在恶心、呕吐症状得分高于高症状负担组。医护人员可在病人化疗前根据药物致吐风险给予预防性用药并关注其饮食变化。低症状负担组病人占54.3%,该组病人症状负担较轻,护理人员可以鼓励症状轻的病人在治疗中发挥积极作用,参加互助小组等[19],与中高症状负担病人分享不适症状应对及自我管理经验,为症状较重病人提供借鉴。
相比低症状负担组,BMI为24.0~<28.0 kg/m2是中症状负担-胃肠道症状组的危险因素,可能与超重和性类固醇、胰岛素及胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ等内源性激素水平升高密切相关,这些激素异常会进一步促进癌细胞的生长扩散[20],加速病情进展从而导致病人的症状负担加重。此外,腹部脂肪增加会导致胃食管反流加重[21],加重恶心、食欲缺乏等不适反应。提示临床工作中应重视对超重病人的胃肠道症状评估,指导病人通过均衡饮食及运动计划管理体重。
相比低症状负担组,共病数量<3个是中症状负担-胃肠道症状组的保护因素,更易归属于低症状负担组。乳腺癌病人的共病数量与症状发生率、严重程度呈正相关[22]。由于共病的存在,病人会更容易经历化疗带来的毒副作用及并发症,承受能力较差的病人在面对经济和身心压力时甚至可能放弃治疗,使症状负担进一步加重[23]。提示医护人员应根据病人的共病类型及症状严重程度制定个体化治疗方案,多学科协作提供系统性、全方位的诊疗护理支持,使病人的治疗效果最大化。
相比低症状负担组,化疗次数<3次更易归于中症状负担-胃肠道症状组,化疗次数3~6次更易归属于中、高症状负担组,提示化疗早中期症状相比化疗后期更加严重。化疗次数<3次的病人胃肠道症状得分较高,可能与化疗药物首次进入体内对胃肠道上皮细胞造成损伤、破坏黏膜屏障有关[24],该阶段胃肠道尚未适应药物毒性作用易引起恶心、呕吐等症状。化疗3~6次阶段,多次诊疗及药物毒性的累积导致病人身心状态受到影响,疲乏、睡眠不佳等症状进一步加重[25]。而在化疗后期,病人对化疗药物的耐受性逐渐增强,并适应与癌症共存的状态,从而对症状的主观感受有所减轻[26]。因此,护理人员应从初次化疗加强对症状监测和管理,并在化疗中后期持续评估观察病人症状以开展个体化干预。
相比低症状负担组,使用靶向药是中症状负担-胃肠道症状组的保护因素,更易归属于低症状负担组。靶向药在乳腺癌治疗中通过精准作用于特定的分子靶向以抑制癌细胞增殖[27],其常见副作用包括轻度皮疹、发热寒战等[28]。传统化疗药作用于所有细胞,可能导致更严重的全身性副作用。化疗药联合靶向药治疗期间,多数不良事件发生于化疗药治疗期,并在单独使用靶向药时迅速改善[29]。提示临床工作中根据检测结果准确判断病人是否适合靶向治疗,对于阳性病人及时启动靶向药联合治疗以提升治疗效果,减轻其症状负担。
本研究结果显示,乳腺癌术后化疗病人支持性照护需求总分为74.00(69.00,79.00)分,提示本研究病人支持性照护需求处于中等水平,得分低于刘焕[14]的研究结果。在生理及日常生活、心理、照顾与支持、健康信息维度存在未满足的支持性照护需求,性维度未发现未满足的需求,可能与本研究纳入病人平均年龄较大、性生活频率下降有关。此外,受我国传统文化影响,性生活话题通常难以有效讨论[30],导致这方面需求表达不足。在症状不同剖面上,乳腺癌病人的支持性照护需求存在差异。高症状负担组支持性照护需求总分最高,癌症本身及化疗产生的不适反应会给病人带来严重的症状负担,从而产生多种需求。照顾与支持需求得分越高更易归属于中症状负担-胃肠道症状组,而不是低症状负担组。恶心、呕吐、食欲缺乏等胃肠道症状会影响病人的营养状况及治疗依从性[31],导致病情管理更加复杂,因此病人有较高的照护与支持需求。提示医护人员应对病人的症状体验予以共情,并在照护中迅速响应以缓解症状带来的不适。心理需求得分越高更易归属于高症状负担组,而不是低症状负担组。高症状负担组病人心理需求得分最高,提示医护人员在常规护理中加入心理测评,鼓励病人通过自我表露、同伴支持[32]等表达心理需求并积极应对化疗带来的心理痛苦情绪,提高病人心理韧性,改善生理机能。
本研究通过潜在剖面分析将乳腺癌术后化疗病人的症状特征分为低症状负担组、中症状负担-胃肠道症状组和高症状负担组3个剖面,BMI、共病数量、化疗次数、是否使用靶向药等是不同剖面病人症状特征的影响因素。病人存在未满足的支持性照护需求,且不同剖面病人支持性照护需求水平存在差异。护理人员可根据症状影响因素识别更易出现高症状负担的人群,根据病人的特点,推进以病人为中心的精准化症状管理,满足病人的支持性照护需求,达到减轻病人症状负担的目的。

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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.05.017
  • 接收时间:2025-02-07
  • 首发时间:2026-10-28
  • 出版时间:2026-03-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-07
  • 修回日期:2025-11-17
基金
作者信息
    1石河子大学医学院,新疆 832003
    2新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院
    3石河子大学第一附属医院

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李萍,E-mail:
LI Ping, E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.05.017
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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