Article(id=1220689488846705399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1220689483859677846, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2025.19.017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1719849600000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-02, revisedDate=1757088000000, revisedDateStr=2025-09-06, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768964653454, onlineDateStr=2026-01-21, pubDate=1760025600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768964653454, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768964653454, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768964653454, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1220689483859677846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2025', volume='39', issue='19', pageStart='3201', pageEnd='3376', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768964652266, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768965013333, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1220690998338961744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1220689483859677846, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1220690998338961745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1220689483859677846, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3318, endPage=3322, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1220689489152889604, articleId=1220689488846705399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Application of narrative interview in modified electroconvulsive therapy for patients with depressive disorders, columnId=1220689488284668633, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Comprehensive Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To explore the application effect of narrative interviews in modified electroconvulsive therapy for patients with depressive disorders. Methods A total of 140 patients with depressive disorders who underwent modified electroconvulsive therapy and admitted to a tertiary grade A hospital from January 2021 to September 2023 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,70 patients each.The control group received routine nursing care.The observation group received narrative interviews based on the routine care.Hamilton Depression Scale⁃17(HAMD⁃17) was used to compare the depression status of the two groups before intervention and at 4 and 8 weeks after intervention. Results The control group completed the study with 63 cases.The observation group completed the study with 61 cases.There were statistically significances in terms of time effect,between⁃group effect,and interaction effect of HAMD⁃17 scores(P<0.05). Conclusion Narrative interviews could effectively improve the depressive mood of modified electroconvulsive therapy for patients with depressive disorders and enhance their treatment effect.

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SHAO Jing, E⁃mail:
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目的 探讨叙事访谈在改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人中的应用效果。 方法 选取2021年1月—2023年9月在某三级甲等医院住院的140例改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组各70例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上给予叙事访谈。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表⁃17(HAMD⁃17)比较两组干预前、干预后4、8周的抑郁情况。 结果 对照组63例完成研究,观察组61例完成研究。两组汉密尔顿抑郁量表⁃17得分时间效应、组间效应、交互效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 叙事访谈能有效改善改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人的抑郁情绪,提高病人治疗效果。

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邵静,E⁃mail:
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冯丽娜,主管护师,本科

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冯丽娜,主管护师,本科

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冯丽娜,主管护师,本科

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companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1220838933169098957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1220689488846705399, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1220838933177487567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1220689488846705399, companyId=1220838933169098957, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing 100096 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1220838933185876177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1220689488846705399, companyId=1220838933169098957, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京回龙观医院,北京 100096)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1220838938546196870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1220689488846705399, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Trend chart of HAMD⁃17 scores before and after intervention between two groups, figureFileSmall=4AxOEkAA1IfShE9AOm+vmg==, figureFileBig=SiFTSOxV0EQvqva/7riASw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220838938630082954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1220689488846705399, language=CN, label=图1, caption=两组干预前后HAMD⁃17得分趋势图, figureFileSmall=4AxOEkAA1IfShE9AOm+vmg==, figureFileBig=SiFTSOxV0EQvqva/7riASw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1220838938747523471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1220689488846705399, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Comparison of general information between two groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数性别[例(%)]家族病史[例(%)]受教育年限(年)总病程(个月)本次病程(个月)
观察组6135(57.4)26(42.6)22(36.1)39(63.9)13.6±2.746.0(22.0,82.5)4.0(3.0,7.0)
对照组6333(52.4)30(47.6)23(36.5)40(63.5)12.1±3.411.0(7.0,60.0)7.0(4.0,9.0)
统计值χ2=0.312χ2=0.003t=7.314U=1 292.500t=1 496.000
P0.5760.9590.0080.0020.033
), ArticleFig(id=1220838938835603860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1220689488846705399, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组一般资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数性别[例(%)]家族病史[例(%)]受教育年限(年)总病程(个月)本次病程(个月)
观察组6135(57.4)26(42.6)22(36.1)39(63.9)13.6±2.746.0(22.0,82.5)4.0(3.0,7.0)
对照组6333(52.4)30(47.6)23(36.5)40(63.5)12.1±3.411.0(7.0,60.0)7.0(4.0,9.0)
统计值χ2=0.312χ2=0.003t=7.314U=1 292.500t=1 496.000
P0.5760.9590.0080.0020.033
), ArticleFig(id=1220838938957238680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1220689488846705399, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of HAMD⁃17 scores before and after intervention between two groups($\bar{x}\pm s$)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数干预前干预4周干预8周
观察组6128.2±5.218.6±6.413.9±8.0
对照组6329.2±4.822.4±5.515.9±6.3
t-1.101-3.540-1.543
P0.247<0.0010.116
), ArticleFig(id=1220838940253278618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1220689488846705399, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组干预前后HAMD⁃17得分比较($\bar{x}\pm s$) (分)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数干预前干预4周干预8周
观察组6128.2±5.218.6±6.413.9±8.0
对照组6329.2±4.822.4±5.515.9±6.3
t-1.101-3.540-1.543
P0.247<0.0010.116
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叙事访谈在改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人中的应用
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冯丽娜 , 蔡壮 , 邱莲 , 宋艳颖 , 宋佳起 , 沈杨 , 郜肖肖 , 胡娜 , 仝景慧 , 邵静
护理研究 | 综合研究 2025,39(19): 3318-3322
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护理研究 | 综合研究 2025, 39(19): 3318-3322
叙事访谈在改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人中的应用
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冯丽娜, 蔡壮, 邱莲, 宋艳颖, 宋佳起, 沈杨, 郜肖肖, 胡娜, 仝景慧, 邵静
作者信息
  • 北京回龙观医院,北京 100096
  • 冯丽娜,主管护师,本科

通讯作者:

邵静,E⁃mail:
Application of narrative interview in modified electroconvulsive therapy for patients with depressive disorders
Li'na FENG, Zhuang CAI, Lian QIU, Yanying SONG, Jiaqi SONG, Yang SHEN, Xiaoxiao GAO, Na HU, Jinghui TONG, Jing SHAO
Affiliations
  • Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing 100096 China
出版时间: 2025-10-10 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2025.19.017
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目的 探讨叙事访谈在改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人中的应用效果。 方法 选取2021年1月—2023年9月在某三级甲等医院住院的140例改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组各70例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上给予叙事访谈。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表⁃17(HAMD⁃17)比较两组干预前、干预后4、8周的抑郁情况。 结果 对照组63例完成研究,观察组61例完成研究。两组汉密尔顿抑郁量表⁃17得分时间效应、组间效应、交互效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 叙事访谈能有效改善改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人的抑郁情绪,提高病人治疗效果。

叙事访谈  /  抑郁障碍  /  改良电抽搐治疗  /  疗效  /  护理

Objective To explore the application effect of narrative interviews in modified electroconvulsive therapy for patients with depressive disorders. Methods A total of 140 patients with depressive disorders who underwent modified electroconvulsive therapy and admitted to a tertiary grade A hospital from January 2021 to September 2023 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,70 patients each.The control group received routine nursing care.The observation group received narrative interviews based on the routine care.Hamilton Depression Scale⁃17(HAMD⁃17) was used to compare the depression status of the two groups before intervention and at 4 and 8 weeks after intervention. Results The control group completed the study with 63 cases.The observation group completed the study with 61 cases.There were statistically significances in terms of time effect,between⁃group effect,and interaction effect of HAMD⁃17 scores(P<0.05). Conclusion Narrative interviews could effectively improve the depressive mood of modified electroconvulsive therapy for patients with depressive disorders and enhance their treatment effect.

narrative interview  /  depressive disorder  /  modified electroconvulsive therapy  /  efficacy  /  nursing
冯丽娜, 蔡壮, 邱莲, 宋艳颖, 宋佳起, 沈杨, 郜肖肖, 胡娜, 仝景慧, 邵静. 叙事访谈在改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人中的应用. 护理研究, 2025 , 39 (19) : 3318 -3322 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2025.19.017
Li'na FENG, Zhuang CAI, Lian QIU, Yanying SONG, Jiaqi SONG, Yang SHEN, Xiaoxiao GAO, Na HU, Jinghui TONG, Jing SHAO. Application of narrative interview in modified electroconvulsive therapy for patients with depressive disorders[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2025 , 39 (19) : 3318 -3322 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2025.19.017
抑郁障碍是一种精神疾病,以显著而持久的情绪低落为主要临床表现,具有高患病率、高自杀率、高复发率等特点[12]。研究表明,抑郁障碍加权12个月的患病率为3.6%,加权终生患病率为6.8%[3]。在全球疾病负担中,精神疾病占比高达22.8%,其中抑郁障碍是主要致残原因,并且这一比例自1990年以来随着人口增长和老龄化推动而增加[4]。因抑郁障碍发病机制尚不明确,目前临床干预以对症治疗为主。改良电抽搐治疗(modified electroconvulsive therapy,MECT)起效快、疗程短,且疗效好,目前已广泛应用于抑郁障碍的治疗中[57]。然而,因改良电抽搐治疗时信息不对称,病人对治疗具体情况及操作流程等了解不足,大部分会存在焦虑、紧张等负性情绪,进而会产生抵抗心理,不配合治疗,导致治疗难以进行或者治疗效果降低等问题。叙事访谈是医疗工作者以团体模式组织病人在特定环境中,根据特定主题进行访谈式叙事干预[8],通过病人进行自我感知降低紧张、焦虑等负性情绪,病人相互分享其对负性情绪的应对方式,改善病人心理状况,激发病人自身主动性,提高治疗效果[9]。研究表明,叙事访谈可以增强病人对疾病的认知,使其获得相关应对方式,进而减轻其抑郁、焦虑等负性情绪[10]。Vega等[11]研究表明,叙事访谈可以让病人积极应对目前疾病状态,提高个人和社会功能。基于此,本研究将探索叙事访谈在改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人中的应用效果。
选取2021年1月—2023年9月在某三级甲等医院住院的140例改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人为研究对象。纳入标准:1)符合《国际疾病分类》第10版(ICD⁃10)抑郁障碍诊断标准;2)年龄18~65岁;3)汉密尔顿抑郁量表⁃17(Hamilton Depression Scale⁃17,HAMD⁃17)得分≥17分;4)病人及家属自愿参加,并签署知情同意书。排除标准:1)合并其他精神障碍;2)有兴奋剂、麻醉剂及镇静催眠药依赖史;3)合并严重、不稳定的躯体疾病;4)有癫痫样或震颤谵妄。采用随机数字表法将140例病人随机分为观察组和对照组各70例。本研究已通过北京回龙观医院医学伦理委员会批准(编号:2020⁃16⁃科)。
两组均接受1个疗程(6~12次)的改良电抽搐治疗,每次治疗前禁食8 h,采用双侧颞叶电极放置法,按照病人体重静脉注射丙泊酚注射液(1~2 mg/kg)麻醉,待睫毛反射消失后注射氯化琥珀胆碱注射液(1.0~1.5 mg/kg)松弛肌肉,在四肢远端肌纤维震颤结束后放置口腔保护器通电治疗[12]。改良电抽搐治疗仪采用美国MECTA公司SPECTRUM 5000Q设备。
对照组实施常规护理,包括告知治疗注意事项、解答病人疑问、鼓励病人等。观察组在对照组的基础上给予叙事访谈。1)组建叙事访谈团队,包括4名高年资精神科护士和4名高年资精神科医生,临床工作时间均为5年以上;2)由经过叙事护理系统培训的护士长对团队成员进行叙事护理基本知识、技能培训,使团队成员可以掌握叙事护理五大核心技术,提高叙事护理实践技能,同时进行一致性培训;3)干预内容:叙事访谈分为关注、理解、反思、回应4个阶段,每个阶段设立2个主题,分别于每周二、周五下午进行干预,每次1 h,共8次。
运用积极开放的态度、良好的感受性及人际亲和力,建立医患信任关系,分享病人疾病故事。第1次主题为建立良好的医患关系:通过采取积极、有效的沟通技巧与病人交谈,进行相互自我介绍,让病人自己倾诉对治疗的期望和心声,实现彼此共情,进入病人故事;第2次主题为共同认识改良电抽搐治疗:通过分享改良电抽搐治疗适应证及禁忌证、术前需要进行的准备以及术后需要的注意事项、改良电抽搐治疗过程及病人可能会引发的不良反应,提高病人对改良电抽搐治疗的理解,达成共识。
运用平等和换位思考态度,引导病人叙事,外化解构病人的疾病故事,共情病人的疾痛体验及疾苦困境。第3次主题为对引导出的问题和事件进行解构:引导病人进行叙事,探讨病人产生负性情绪的原因,分享改良电抽搐治疗前病人的情绪反应;第4次主题为了解负性情绪如何在病人生活中产生和发展以及病人对疾病的认知和态度,纠正其错误认知,帮助病人外化影响自身的问题,鼓励其表达不愉快的感受。
针对自身认知、理解及处理病人叙事所采用的方式反思,对病人疾病故事进行改写,挖掘例外及闪光事件。第5次主题为挑战病人不良认知,鼓励病人回忆例外事件,形成支线故事,逐渐描绘为主线故事,积极对待生活,学会更加全面、客观地看待身边发生的所有故事;第6次主题为激发病人内在动机,通过共同讨论分析,帮助病人总结叙事相关内容,努力发现闪光事件,克服及强化特殊事件背后隐藏的积极意义,帮助病人发现自己的闪光点,激发内在动机,发现真实自我,勇敢面对自身。
包括即时回应和延时回应2层含义,通过对病人疾病故事进行重构,重拾病人生活信心。第7次主题为分析和重构病人反思阶段探索的例外事件和闪光事件,将病人困惑的问题外化,寻找有效解决问题的方法,采用积极态度应对困难;第8次主题为通过帮助病人重构疾病故事,使病人能够认识自我并接纳自我,增强病人的自信心,使其认识到自身的独特性,学会积极对待治疗方案,并能够取悦、接纳自己。
于干预前及干预后4、8周采用HAMD⁃17[1316]评估两组的抑郁症状,由2名经过严格一致性培训的精神科专业医生在精神科病房访谈室内进行评定,平均耗时约1 h。HAMD⁃17得分越高表示病情越严重。
采用SPSS 19.0软件对所有数据进行统计分析。符合正态分布的定量资料采用均数±标准差($\bar{x}\pm s$)表示,行t检验或重复测量方差分析;不符合正态分布的定量资料以中位数(四分位数)[MP25P75)]表示,行秩和检验;定性资料采用例数、百分比(%)表示,行χ2检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
研究过程中,观察组因出院失访脱落4例,心律失常脱落1例,麻醉药过敏脱落1例,牙齿松动脱落1例,家属拒绝继续治疗2例,共脱落9例,剩余61例病人;对照组因出院失访脱落3例,家属拒绝继续治疗脱落2例,血压高脱落1例,心律失常脱落1例,共脱落7例,剩余63例病人。两组性别、家族史和病程等一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。详见表1
两组HAMD⁃17得分时间效应、组间效应、交互效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05),详见表2图1
本研究结果显示,两组HAMD⁃17得分均随治疗时间的延长显著下降,且观察组得分低于对照组。说明两组病人经改良电抽搐治疗后均取得了良好的疗效。改良电抽搐治疗疗效好,起效快,目前已获得广泛的认可[57]。目前,抑郁障碍发病机制仍尚不明确,Cao等[1719]研究表明,抑郁障碍病人脑内存在能量生成、氧化磷酸化及磷酸酯类代谢异常;王宇红等[2021]研究认为,抑郁障碍可能与氨基酸类神经递质异常有关;Wang等[2223]研究认为,神经可塑性可能与抑郁障碍发病有关。目前,临床干预以对症治疗为主,包括药物治疗、心理治疗、重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)、深部脑刺激(deep brain stimulation,DBS)和改良电抽搐治疗等。其中药物治疗使用最为广泛,但通常起效较慢[24]、疗程长,仅对部分病人有效[2526],并且有较多副作用。改良电抽搐治疗起效快、疗程短、疗效好,研究发现,改良电抽搐治疗主要通过调节谷氨酸受体亚基1(glutamate receptor subunit 1,GluR1)起到抗抑郁效果[2728];也有研究发现,改良电抽搐治疗机制与海马神经再生有关[2930]。虽然改良电抽搐治疗疗效较好,但是由于治疗中的信息不对称、病人对具体情况了解不足、需要在精神专科医院诊治等,部分病人存在焦虑、紧张等负性情绪,会产生抵抗心理、对治疗不配合等,导致治疗难以进行或者治疗效果降低。研究显示,常规的护理干预很难使病人在进行改良电抽搐治疗时达到比较理想的配合效果[31]。本研究通过叙事访谈减轻病人在改良电抽搐治疗过程中的负性情绪,从而提高病人的疗效。本研究结果显示,干预后观察组HAMD⁃17评分低于对照组,说明叙事访谈可以减轻病人负性情绪。常规护理中,工作人员倾听病人感受较少,指导较多,无法深入探讨病人负性情绪产生的根本原因。叙事访谈干预过程中,叙事团队成员能主动关注病人的内心感受,深入分析病人负性情绪产生的原因,并引导病人宣泄紧张、焦虑等负性情绪,通过心理干预,使病人的负性情绪得到宣泄[32]。病人也通过叙事访谈寻求积极的应对方式,获得心理重建。研究显示,叙事访谈可改善病人术前焦虑、抑郁[33];改善改良电抽搐治疗难治性精神分裂症病人的负性情绪,提高病人治疗依从性[34]
综上所述,叙事访谈能有效改善改良电抽搐治疗抑郁障碍病人的抑郁情绪,提高病人治疗效果。但本研究样本量小,且干预时间较短,希望今后进行更加深入的研究。
  • 首都卫生发展科研专项重点攻关项目,编号:首发2020⁃2⁃2134
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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2025.19.017
  • 接收时间:2024-07-02
  • 首发时间:2026-01-21
  • 出版时间:2025-10-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-02
  • 修回日期:2025-09-06
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首都卫生发展科研专项重点攻关项目,编号:首发2020⁃2⁃2134
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    北京回龙观医院,北京 100096

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
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species
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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