Article(id=1322925054073384974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1758038400000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-17, revisedDate=1784995200000, revisedDateStr=2026-07-26, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339511650, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1787587200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339511650, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339511650, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339511650, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322924976893993108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='16', pageStart='2769', pageEnd='2960', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787587200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793339493249, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343103544, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2935, endPage=2940, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322925054287294479, articleId=1322925054073384974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Research progress on radiation-induced vaginal toxicity for cervical cancer patients, columnId=1220689485315101342, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Review Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This paper provided an overview of the research progress in the nursing of vaginal toxicity in patients with cervical cancer after radiotherapy.It summarized the definition,influencing factors,assessment tools,and nursing measures of vaginal toxicity,so as to provide a reference for the nursing of vaginal toxicity in cervical cancer patients after radiotherapy.

, authors=Xinyue DENG1, Haoyun WANG2, Lan XIONG1, Yanyi ZHU2, Yalan SONG2, authorsList=Xinyue DENG, Haoyun WANG, Lan XIONG, Yanyi ZHU, Yalan SONG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yalan SONG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322925054920634384, articleId=1322925054073384974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=宫颈癌病人放射性阴道毒性的研究进展, columnId=1220689485482873504, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=科研综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对宫颈癌病人放疗后阴道毒性的研究进行概述,总结阴道毒性的定义、影响因素、评估工具及护理措施,以期为宫颈癌病人放疗后阴道毒性的护理提供参考。

, authors=邓鑫粤1, 王浩云2, 熊兰1, 朱艳仪2, 宋亚兰2, *, *, authorsList=邓鑫粤, 王浩云, 熊兰, 朱艳仪, 宋亚兰, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=宋亚兰, authorNote=

邓鑫粤,本科

, correspAuthorsNote=
宋亚兰,E-mail:
SONG Yalan, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=除非特别声明,本刊刊出的所有文章不代表本刊编委会的观点。, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=/ua0gjBAAvDsH5M3ZG23qg==, magXml=jQr5q51/8ab6ApKnnPcpBg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=6VziICEbLmc+KsF/6Zr2tg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322925057256861720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057344942107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057256861720, language=EN, stringName=Xinyue DENG, firstName=Xinyue, middleName=null, lastName=DENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057420439581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057256861720, language=CN, stringName=邓鑫粤, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1广州医科大学,广东 510030, bio={"content":"

邓鑫粤,本科

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

邓鑫粤,本科

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055369424913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055377813522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055386202131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广州医科大学,广东 510030)])]), Author(id=1322925057491742751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057625960481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057491742751, language=EN, stringName=Haoyun WANG, firstName=Haoyun, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057709846562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057491742751, language=CN, stringName=王浩云, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055457505300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055465893909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055470088214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院)])]), Author(id=1322925057789538341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057869230119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057789538341, language=EN, stringName=Lan XIONG, firstName=Lan, middleName=null, lastName=XIONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057944727592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057789538341, language=CN, stringName=熊兰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1广州医科大学,广东 510030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055369424913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055377813522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055386202131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广州医科大学,广东 510030)])]), Author(id=1322925058011836458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925058078945324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925058011836458, language=EN, stringName=Yanyi ZHU, firstName=Yanyi, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925058141859885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925058011836458, language=CN, stringName=朱艳仪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055457505300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055465893909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055470088214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院)])]), Author(id=1322925058204774447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=syalan@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925058313826353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925058204774447, language=EN, stringName=Yalan SONG, firstName=Yalan, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925058397712434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925058204774447, language=CN, stringName=宋亚兰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, *, *, address=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055457505300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055465893909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055470088214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1322925058527735859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=cervical cancer), Keyword(id=1322925058586456116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=radiotherapy), Keyword(id=1322925058657759285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=vaginal toxicity), Keyword(id=1322925058724868150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=quality of life), Keyword(id=1322925058796171319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=nursing), Keyword(id=1322925058867474488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=review), Keyword(id=1322925058934583353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=子宫颈癌), Keyword(id=1322925059026858042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=放疗), Keyword(id=1322925059173658683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=阴道毒性), Keyword(id=1322925059253350460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=生活质量), Keyword(id=1322925059345625149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=护理), Keyword(id=1322925059433705534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=综述)], refs=[Reference(id=1322925059681169471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=郑伟, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郑伟.宫颈癌术后放疗患者预防下肢淋巴水肿干预方案的构建[D].沈阳:中国医科大学,2023., articleTitle=宫颈癌术后放疗患者预防下肢淋巴水肿干预方案的构建, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925059760861248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=40, issue=7, pageStart=712, pageEnd=719, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=龙行涛, 周琦, 林仲秋, journalName=中国实用妇科与产科杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=龙行涛,周琦,林仲秋.子宫颈癌免疫检查点抑制剂临床应用指南(2024年版)[J].中国实用妇科与产科杂志,2024,40(7):712-719., articleTitle=子宫颈癌免疫检查点抑制剂临床应用指南(2024年版), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925059844747329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=25, issue=3, pageStart=259, pageEnd=263, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=张军, journalName=中国全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张军.宫颈癌治疗的现状及问题:从临床指南到真实世界研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(3):259-263., articleTitle=宫颈癌治疗的现状及问题:从临床指南到真实世界研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925060050268226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=38, issue=S2, pageStart=171, pageEnd=173, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=马晓洁, 余曦冉, 陈巧云, journalName=广东医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马晓洁,余曦冉,陈巧云.宫颈癌放疗的阴道剂量学研究进展[J].广东医学,2017,38(S2):171-173., articleTitle=宫颈癌放疗的阴道剂量学研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925061740572740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=118, issue=1, pageStart=160, pageEnd=166, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=Kirchheiner K, Nout R A, Lindegaard J C, journalName=Radiotherapy and Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kirchheiner K,Nout R A,Lindegaard J C,et al.Dose-effect relationship and risk factors for vaginal stenosis after definitive radio(chemo) therapy with image-guided brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer in the EMBRACE study[J].Radiotherapy and Oncology,2016,118(1):160-166., articleTitle=Dose-effect relationship and risk factors for vaginal stenosis after definitive radio(chemo) therapy with image-guided brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer in the EMBRACE study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925061820264517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=24, issue=1, pageStart=35, pageEnd=38, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=王东, 戴莺莺, journalName=中国性科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王东,戴莺莺.中西医结合预防宫颈癌根治术后性功能障碍的疗效分析[J].中国性科学,2015,24(1):35-38., articleTitle=中西医结合预防宫颈癌根治术后性功能障碍的疗效分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925061883179078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=9, issue=null, pageStart=273, pageEnd=279, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=Morris L, Do V, Chard J, journalName=International Journal of Women's Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Morris L,Do V,Chard J,et al.Radiation-induced vaginal stenosis:current perspectives[J].International Journal of Women's Health,2017,9:273-279., articleTitle=Radiation-induced vaginal stenosis:current perspectives, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925061971259463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=31, issue=2, pageStart=185, pageEnd=193, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=Gultekin M, Beduk Esen C S, Balci B, journalName=International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gultekin M,Beduk Esen C S,Balci B,et al.Role of vaginal brachytherapy boost following adjuvant external beam radiotherapy in cervical cancer:Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology Gynecologic Group Study(TROD 04-002)[J].International Journal of Gynecological Cancer,2021,31(2):185-193., articleTitle=Role of vaginal brachytherapy boost following adjuvant external beam radiotherapy in cervical cancer:Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology Gynecologic Group Study(TROD 04-002), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062050951240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=21, issue=5, pageStart=658, pageEnd=667, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=Ruanla J, Muangwong P, Kittidachanan K, journalName=Brachytherapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ruanla J,Muangwong P,Kittidachanan K,et al.The Association of Vagina Equivalent Dose in 2 Gy Fraction(EQD2) to late vagina toxicity in patients of cervical cancer treated with WPRT plus IGABT[J].Brachytherapy,2022,21(5):658-667., articleTitle=The Association of Vagina Equivalent Dose in 2 Gy Fraction(EQD2) to late vagina toxicity in patients of cervical cancer treated with WPRT plus IGABT, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062126448713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=57, issue=4, pageStart=336, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=Varytė G, Bartkevičienė D, journalName=Medicina, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Varytė G,Bartkevičienė D.Pelvic radiation therapy induced vaginal stenosis:a review of current modalities and recent treatment advances[J].Medicina,2021,57(4):336., articleTitle=Pelvic radiation therapy induced vaginal stenosis:a review of current modalities and recent treatment advances, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062214529098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=7, issue=5, pageStart=356, pageEnd=363, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=Kachnic L A, Bruner D W, Qureshi M M, journalName=Practical Radiation Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kachnic L A,Bruner D W,Qureshi M M,et al.Perceptions and practices regarding women's vaginal health following radiation therapy:a survey of radiation oncologists practicing in the United States[J].Practical Radiation Oncology,2017,7(5):356-363., articleTitle=Perceptions and practices regarding women's vaginal health following radiation therapy:a survey of radiation oncologists practicing in the United States, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062298415179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=56, issue=5, pageStart=661, pageEnd=666, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=Hofsjö A, Bohm-Starke N, Blomgren B, journalName=Acta Oncologica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hofsjö A,Bohm-Starke N,Blomgren B,et al.Radiotherapy-induced vaginal fibrosis in cervical cancer survivors[J].Acta Oncologica,2017,56(5):661-666., articleTitle=Radiotherapy-induced vaginal fibrosis in cervical cancer survivors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062382301260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=5, issue=3, pageStart=e113, pageEnd=e118, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=Mirabeau-Beale K, Hong T S, Niemierko A, journalName=Practical Radiation Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mirabeau-Beale K,Hong T S,Niemierko A,et al.Clinical and treatment factors associated with vaginal stenosis after definitive chemoradiation for anal canal cancer[J].Practical Radiation Oncology,2015,5(3):e113-e118., articleTitle=Clinical and treatment factors associated with vaginal stenosis after definitive chemoradiation for anal canal cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062453604429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=16, issue=1, pageStart=288, pageEnd=293, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=Brand A H, Bull C A, Cakir B, journalName=International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Brand A H,Bull C A,Cakir B.Vaginal stenosis in patients treated with radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix[J].International Journal of Gynecological Cancer,2006,16(1):288-293., articleTitle=Vaginal stenosis in patients treated with radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062529101902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2002, volume=20, issue=17, pageStart=3651, pageEnd=3657, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=Eifel P J, Jhingran A, Bodurka D C, journalName=Journal of Clinical Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Eifel P J,Jhingran A,Bodurka D C,et al.Correlation of smoking history and other patient characteristics with major complications of pelvic radiation therapy for cervical cancer[J].Journal of Clinical Oncology,2002,20(17):3651-3657., articleTitle=Correlation of smoking history and other patient characteristics with major complications of pelvic radiation therapy for cervical cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062600405071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=10.3390/cancers16203495, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=16, issue=20, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=15, authorNames=Schönicke T, Koch R, Vogt I, journalName=Cancers, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Schönicke T,Koch R,Vogt I,et al.Retrospective evaluation of GEC-ESTRO constraints for definitive radiochemotherapy with brachytherapy and correlation with oncologic outcome in cervical cancer:a monocenter study[J].Cancers,2024,16(20)., articleTitle=Retrospective evaluation of GEC-ESTRO constraints for definitive radiochemotherapy with brachytherapy and correlation with oncologic outcome in cervical cancer:a monocenter study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062671708240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=59, issue=2, pageStart=385, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=De Felice F, Vicenzi L, Macchia G, journalName=Medicina, refType=null, unstructuredReference=De Felice F,Vicenzi L,Macchia G,et al.Vaginal toxicity management in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer following exclusive chemoradiation--a nationwide survey on knowledge and attitudes by the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology(AIRO) gynecology study group[J].Medicina,2023,59(2):385., articleTitle=Vaginal toxicity management in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer following exclusive chemoradiation--a nationwide survey on knowledge and attitudes by the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology(AIRO) gynecology study group, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062743011409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=33, issue=2, pageStart=81, pageEnd=89, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=17, authorNames=王方, 甄宏楠, 于康, journalName=中华临床营养杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王方,甄宏楠,于康,等.宫颈癌患者同步放化疗期间营养状况和人体成分变化[J].中华临床营养杂志,2025,33(2):81-89., articleTitle=宫颈癌患者同步放化疗期间营养状况和人体成分变化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062877229138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1995, volume=31, issue=5, pageStart=1341, pageEnd=1346, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=18, authorNames=Cox J D, Stetz J, Pajak T F, journalName=International Journal of Radiation Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cox J D,Stetz J,Pajak T F.Toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group(RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)[J].International Journal of Radiation Oncology,Biology,Physics,1995,31(5):1341-1346., articleTitle=Toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group(RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925062956920915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=33, issue=5, pageStart=397, pageEnd=404, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=19, authorNames=黄文轩, 黄生富, 张丝雨, journalName=中华放射肿瘤学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄文轩,黄生富,张丝雨,等.鼻咽癌N0-N1期患者Ⅱa区临床靶区优化策略及对远期口干的影响[J].中华放射肿瘤学杂志,2024,33(5):397-404., articleTitle=鼻咽癌N0-N1期患者Ⅱa区临床靶区优化策略及对远期口干的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063024029780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=52, issue=3, pageStart=168, pageEnd=174, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=20, authorNames=倪镌, 殷卓敏, 袁淑慧, journalName=中华妇产科杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=倪镌,殷卓敏,袁淑慧,等.妇科恶性肿瘤患者术后辅助不同方式放疗的对比研究[J].中华妇产科杂志,2017,52(3):168-174., articleTitle=妇科恶性肿瘤患者术后辅助不同方式放疗的对比研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063095332949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=16, issue=3, pageStart=241, pageEnd=256, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=21, authorNames=Raj S, Prasad R R, Ranjan A, journalName=Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Raj S,Prasad R R,Ranjan A.Incidence of vaginal toxicities following definitive chemoradiation in intact cervical cancer:a meta-analysis[J].Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy,2024,16(3):241-256., articleTitle=Incidence of vaginal toxicities following definitive chemoradiation in intact cervical cancer:a meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063175024726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=28, issue=3, pageStart=352, pageEnd=355, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=22, authorNames=任倩如, journalName=中国血液流变学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=任倩如.局部晚期宫颈癌精确放疗后阴道冲洗护理的效果研究[J].中国血液流变学杂志,2018,28(3):352-355., articleTitle=局部晚期宫颈癌精确放疗后阴道冲洗护理的效果研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063292465239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=18, issue=35, pageStart=4330, pageEnd=4332, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=23, authorNames=潘春梅, journalName=中华现代护理杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘春梅.妇科阴道冲洗的研究现状[J].中华现代护理杂志,2012,18(35):4330-4332., articleTitle=妇科阴道冲洗的研究现状, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063359574104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=19, issue=1, pageStart=135, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=24, authorNames=Hamoonga T E, Olowski P, Musonda P, journalName=BMC Women's Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hamoonga T E,Olowski P,Musonda P.Vaginal douching in Zambia:a risk or benefit to women in the fight against cervical cancer:a retrospective cohort study[J].BMC Women's Health,2019,19(1):135., articleTitle=Vaginal douching in Zambia:a risk or benefit to women in the fight against cervical cancer:a retrospective cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063439265881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=34, issue=15, pageStart=75, pageEnd=76, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=25, authorNames=王丽丽, 龙小丽, journalName=解放军护理杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王丽丽,龙小丽.改良冲洗器联合苯扎氯铵溶液在宫颈癌患者放疗护理中的应用效果[J].解放军护理杂志,2017,34(15):75-76., articleTitle=改良冲洗器联合苯扎氯铵溶液在宫颈癌患者放疗护理中的应用效果, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063518957658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=34, issue=11, pageStart=1209, pageEnd=1210, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=26, authorNames=吴美林, 唐媛媛, 华羽晨, journalName=实用老年医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴美林,唐媛媛,华羽晨.活性银离子联合灭菌注射用水进行阴道冲洗治疗老年宫颈癌病人放疗并发症的效果分析[J].实用老年医学,2020,34(11):1209-1210., articleTitle=活性银离子联合灭菌注射用水进行阴道冲洗治疗老年宫颈癌病人放疗并发症的效果分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063598649435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=36, issue=6, pageStart=44, pageEnd=45, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=27, authorNames=钱英净, 施璠, 邢舒, journalName=护理学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=钱英净,施璠,邢舒,等.抑菌护理凝胶联合阴道冲洗对宫颈癌患者急性放射性阴道炎的影响[J].护理学杂志,2021,36(6):44-45., articleTitle=抑菌护理凝胶联合阴道冲洗对宫颈癌患者急性放射性阴道炎的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063682535516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=26, issue=4, pageStart=409, pageEnd=411, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=28, authorNames=耿翠翠, 李磊强, 张杨, journalName=中国肿瘤临床与康复, refType=null, unstructuredReference=耿翠翠,李磊强,张杨,等.炎复康阴道冲洗预防宫颈癌放疗阴道损伤的疗效[J].中国肿瘤临床与康复,2019,26(4):409-411., articleTitle=炎复康阴道冲洗预防宫颈癌放疗阴道损伤的疗效, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063758032989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=17, issue=11, pageStart=2232, pageEnd=2235, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=29, authorNames=郜蕾, 袁香坤, 胡建伟, journalName=世界中西医结合杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郜蕾,袁香坤,胡建伟,等.清热解毒方中药灌洗治疗宫颈癌放疗患者放射性阴道炎的疗效观察[J].世界中西医结合杂志,2022,17(11):2232-2235., articleTitle=清热解毒方中药灌洗治疗宫颈癌放疗患者放射性阴道炎的疗效观察, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063833530462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=38, issue=17, pageStart=3137, pageEnd=3142, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=30, authorNames=李松兰, 田昌英, 王国蓉, journalName=护理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李松兰,田昌英,王国蓉,等.宫颈癌放疗病人阴道扩张康复措施证据总结[J].护理研究,2024,38(17):3137-3142., articleTitle=宫颈癌放疗病人阴道扩张康复措施证据总结, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063909027935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=9, issue=2, pageStart=212, pageEnd=220, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=31, authorNames=Liu M, Juravic M, Mazza G, journalName=Sexual Medicine Reviews, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu M,Juravic M,Mazza G,et al.Vaginal dilators:issues and answers[J].Sexual Medicine Reviews,2021,9(2):212-220., articleTitle=Vaginal dilators:issues and answers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925063980331104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=22, issue=3, pageStart=334, pageEnd=342, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=32, authorNames=Quinn B A, Deng X Y, Sullivan S A, journalName=Brachytherapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Quinn B A,Deng X Y,Sullivan S A,et al.Change in vaginal length and sexual function in women who undergo surgery ± radiation therapy for endometrial cancer[J].Brachytherapy,2023,22(3):334-342., articleTitle=Change in vaginal length and sexual function in women who undergo surgery ± radiation therapy for endometrial cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925064043245665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=24, issue=3, pageStart=192, pageEnd=200, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=33, authorNames=Barbera L, Zwaal C, Elterman D, journalName=Current Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Barbera L,Zwaal C,Elterman D,et al.Interventions to address sexual problems in people with cancer[J].Current Oncology,2017,24(3):192-200., articleTitle=Interventions to address sexual problems in people with cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925064118743138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=28, issue=4, pageStart=641, pageEnd=655, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=34, authorNames=Cibula D, Fischerova D, Potter R, journalName=International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cibula D,Fischerova D,Potter R,et al.The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology/European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology/European Society of Pathology guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer[J].International Journal of Gynecological Cancer,2018,28(4):641-655., articleTitle=The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology/European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology/European Society of Pathology guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925064231989347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=811, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=35, authorNames=Martins J, Vaz A F, Grion R C, journalName=BMC Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Martins J,Vaz A F,Grion R C,et al.Correction to:topical estrogen,testosterone,and vaginal dilator in the prevention of vaginal stenosis after radiotherapy in women with cervical cancer:a randomized clinical trial[J].BMC Cancer,2021,21(1):811., articleTitle=Correction to:topical estrogen,testosterone,and vaginal dilator in the prevention of vaginal stenosis after radiotherapy in women with cervical cancer:a randomized clinical trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925064299098212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=101, issue=4, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=36, authorNames=Charatsi D, Vanakara P, Evaggelopoulou E, journalName=Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Charatsi D,Vanakara P,Evaggelopoulou E,et al.Vaginal dilator use to promote sexual wellbeing after radiotherapy in gynecological cancer survivors[J].Medicine,2022,101(4):e28705., articleTitle=Vaginal dilator use to promote sexual wellbeing after radiotherapy in gynecological cancer survivors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925064370401381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=46, issue=6, pageStart=513, pageEnd=527, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=37, authorNames=Araya-Castro P, Sacomori C, Diaz-Guerrero P, journalName=Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Araya-Castro P,Sacomori C,Diaz-Guerrero P,et al.Vaginal dilator and pelvic floor exercises for vaginal stenosis,sexual health and quality of life among cervical cancer patients treated with radiation:clinical report[J].Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy,2020,46(6):513-527., articleTitle=Vaginal dilator and pelvic floor exercises for vaginal stenosis,sexual health and quality of life among cervical cancer patients treated with radiation:clinical report, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925064437510246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=121, issue=2, pageStart=452, pageEnd=464, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=38, authorNames=Kirchheiner K, Zaharie A, Smet S, journalName=International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kirchheiner K,Zaharie A,Smet S,et al.Association between the regular use of vaginal dilators and/or sexual activity and vaginal morbidity in locally advanced cervical cancer survivors:an EMBRACE-I study report[J].International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics,2025,121(2):452-464., articleTitle=Association between the regular use of vaginal dilators and/or sexual activity and vaginal morbidity in locally advanced cervical cancer survivors:an EMBRACE-I study report, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925064550756455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=29, issue=4, pageStart=257, pageEnd=262, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=39, authorNames=Moon H, journalName=Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Moon H.Nursing care for women with gynecologic cancer receiving radiotherapy:current updates[J].Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing,2023,29(4):257-262., articleTitle=Nursing care for women with gynecologic cancer receiving radiotherapy:current updates, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925066148786280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=36, issue=8, pageStart=1936, pageEnd=1949, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=40, authorNames=Cerentini T M, Schlöttgen J, Viana da Rosa P, journalName=Advances in Therapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cerentini T M,Schlöttgen J,Viana da Rosa P,et al.Clinical and psychological outcomes of the use of vaginal dilators after gynaecological brachytherapy:a randomized clinical trial[J].Advances in Therapy,2019,36(8):1936-1949., articleTitle=Clinical and psychological outcomes of the use of vaginal dilators after gynaecological brachytherapy:a randomized clinical trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925066220089450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=41, issue=8, pageStart=939, pageEnd=941, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=42, rfOrder=41, authorNames=李凤虎, 冉立, 常建英, journalName=贵州医科大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李凤虎,冉立,常建英,等.阴道扩张术预防宫颈癌放化疗后阴道狭窄的效果[J].贵州医科大学学报,2016,41(8):939-941., articleTitle=阴道扩张术预防宫颈癌放化疗后阴道狭窄的效果, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925066291392619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=17, issue=null, pageStart=1545, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=43, rfOrder=42, authorNames=Tahseen R, Ahmed Y, Tariq M, journalName=Ecancermedicalscience, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tahseen R,Ahmed Y,Tariq M,et al.Compliance and clinical efficacy of vaginal dilator after radiotherapy for cervical and endometrial malignancies[J].Ecancermedicalscience,2023,17:1545., articleTitle=Compliance and clinical efficacy of vaginal dilator after radiotherapy for cervical and endometrial malignancies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925066375278700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=8, issue=null, pageStart=813352, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=44, rfOrder=43, authorNames=Barcellini A, Dominoni M, Dal Mas F, journalName=Frontiers in Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Barcellini A,Dominoni M,Dal Mas F,et al.Sexual health dysfunction after radiotherapy for gynecological cancer:role of physical rehabilitation including pelvic floor muscle training[J].Frontiers in Medicine,2021,8:813352., articleTitle=Sexual health dysfunction after radiotherapy for gynecological cancer:role of physical rehabilitation including pelvic floor muscle training, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925066459164781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=2, issue=23, pageStart=101, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=45, rfOrder=44, authorNames=陈丽洁, journalName=医药产业资讯, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈丽洁.宫颈癌放疗后阴道炎症的护理[J].医药产业资讯,2005,2(23):101., articleTitle=宫颈癌放疗后阴道炎症的护理, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925066652102766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=18, issue=8, pageStart=3932, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=46, rfOrder=45, authorNames=Wierzbicka A, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Cieślewicz S, journalName=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wierzbicka A,Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D,Cieślewicz S,et al.Interventions preventing vaginitis,vaginal atrophy after brachytherapy or radiotherapy due to malignant tumors of the female reproductive organs--a systematic review[J].International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2021,18(8):3932., articleTitle=Interventions preventing vaginitis,vaginal atrophy after brachytherapy or radiotherapy due to malignant tumors of the female reproductive organs--a systematic review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925066731794543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=31, issue=5, pageStart=263, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=47, rfOrder=46, authorNames=Iselius S, Knutsen A, Mikiver R, journalName=Supportive Care in Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Iselius S,Knutsen A,Mikiver R,et al.Late adverse events in patients with pelvic cancer after oncologic treatment-intervention and treatment effect[J].Supportive Care in Cancer,2023,31(5):263., articleTitle=Late adverse events in patients with pelvic cancer after oncologic treatment-intervention and treatment effect, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925066819874929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=20, issue=5, pageStart=984, pageEnd=994, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=48, rfOrder=47, authorNames=Glaser S M, Mohindra P, Mahantshetty U, journalName=Brachytherapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Glaser S M,Mohindra P,Mahantshetty U,et al.Complications of intracavitary brachytherapy for gynecologic cancers and their management:a comprehensive review[J].Brachytherapy,2021,20(5):984-994., articleTitle=Complications of intracavitary brachytherapy for gynecologic cancers and their management:a comprehensive review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925067105087602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=36, issue=3, pageStart=601, pageEnd=603, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=49, rfOrder=48, authorNames=李菲, 郝芳时, 王永刚, journalName=长春中医药大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李菲,郝芳时,王永刚.改良冲洗器联合医用射线防护喷剂和重组人表皮生长因子在宫颈癌放疗护理中的临床应用[J].长春中医药大学学报,2020,36(3):601-603., articleTitle=改良冲洗器联合医用射线防护喷剂和重组人表皮生长因子在宫颈癌放疗护理中的临床应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925067205750899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=26, issue=10, pageStart=1162, pageEnd=1164, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=50, rfOrder=49, authorNames=麦苗青, 陈佩芬, 冯桂荣, journalName=中华放射肿瘤学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=麦苗青,陈佩芬,冯桂荣,等.宫颈癌放疗并发阴道粘连的临床护理[J].中华放射肿瘤学杂志,2017,26(10):1162-1164., articleTitle=宫颈癌放疗并发阴道粘连的临床护理, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925067285442676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=22, issue=21, pageStart=7562, pageEnd=7572, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=51, rfOrder=50, authorNames=Cosentino D, Piro F, journalName=European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cosentino D,Piro F.Hyaluronic acid for treatment of the radiation therapy side effects:a systematic review[J].European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences,2018,22(21):7562-7572., articleTitle=Hyaluronic acid for treatment of the radiation therapy side effects:a systematic review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925067541295221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=32, issue=7, pageStart=439, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=52, rfOrder=51, authorNames=Da Silva Ribeiro L, De Campos Pereira Silveira R C, Vasques C I, journalName=Supportive Care in Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Da Silva Ribeiro L,De Campos Pereira Silveira R C,Vasques C I,et al.Hyaluronic acid to manage radiotoxicities in gynecological cancer patients:a scoping review[J].Supportive Care in Cancer,2024,32(7):439., articleTitle=Hyaluronic acid to manage radiotoxicities in gynecological cancer patients:a scoping review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925067620986998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=24, issue=6, pageStart=21, pageEnd=23, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=53, rfOrder=52, authorNames=陈慧, journalName=护理学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈慧.放化疗同步治疗晚期宫颈癌患者的护理[J].护理学杂志,2009,24(6):21-23., articleTitle=放化疗同步治疗晚期宫颈癌患者的护理, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925067688095863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=21, issue=2, pageStart=349, pageEnd=354, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=54, rfOrder=53, authorNames=Shankar A, Patil J, Luther A, journalName=Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shankar A,Patil J,Luther A,et al.Sexual dysfunction in carcinoma cervix:assessment in post treated cases by LENTSOMA scale[J].Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention,2020,21(2):349-354., articleTitle=Sexual dysfunction in carcinoma cervix:assessment in post treated cases by LENTSOMA scale, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925067914588280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=36, issue=24, pageStart=2538, pageEnd=2544, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=55, rfOrder=54, authorNames=Klopp A H, Yeung A R, Deshmukh S, journalName=Journal of Clinical Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Klopp A H,Yeung A R,Deshmukh S,et al.Patient-reported toxicity during pelvic intensity-modulated radiation therapy:NRG oncology-RTOG 1203[J].Journal of Clinical Oncology,2018,36(24):2538-2544., articleTitle=Patient-reported toxicity during pelvic intensity-modulated radiation therapy:NRG oncology-RTOG 1203, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925067998474361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=33, issue=5, pageStart=649, pageEnd=666, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=56, rfOrder=55, authorNames=Cibula D, Raspollini M R, Planchamp F, journalName=International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cibula D,Raspollini M R,Planchamp F,et al.ESGO/ESTRO/ESP guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer-update 2023[J].International Journal of Gynecological Cancer,2023,33(5):649-666., articleTitle=ESGO/ESTRO/ESP guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer-update 2023, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925068090749050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=637, pageEnd=649, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=57, rfOrder=56, authorNames=De Morais Siqueira T, Derchain S, Juliato C R T, journalName=International Urogynecology Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=De Morais Siqueira T,Derchain S,Juliato C R T,et al.Vaginal stenosis in women with cervical or endometrial cancer after pelvic radiotherapy:a cross-sectional study of vaginal measurements,risk for sexual dysfunction and quality of life[J].International Urogynecology Journal,2022,33(3):637-649., articleTitle=Vaginal stenosis in women with cervical or endometrial cancer after pelvic radiotherapy:a cross-sectional study of vaginal measurements,risk for sexual dysfunction and quality of life, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055369424913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055377813522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055386202131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广州医科大学,广东 510030)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322925055457505300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055465893909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055470088214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院)])], figs=null, attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1220037649855897604, delFlag=0, nameCn=护理研究, nameEn=Chinese Nursing Research, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1009-6493, eissn=null, cn=14-1272/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=5ND/w5RQYz//x8ucn+e6Vw==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Chinese Nursing Research, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1768809242933, updatedTime=1789628561524, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=H, firstLetterEn=H, subjectCode=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=5ND/w5RQYz//x8ucn+e6Vw==, picEn=vXneBBf6WfTz/ls4yy3nnA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1307360202571928186, language=CN, name=护理研究, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1789628561871, updatedTime=1789628561871, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=1de4c13f-4807-4ea4-8d8a-5, submissionEditorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=321a724c-d51d-4f08-a85e-2, submissionReviewUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=dadec7f2-d93c-4f73-8f97-e, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1307360202618065531, language=EN, name=Chinese Nursing Research, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1789628561882, updatedTime=1789628561882, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=1de4c13f-4807-4ea4-8d8a-5, submissionEditorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=321a724c-d51d-4f08-a85e-2, submissionReviewUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-sxyxqks-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fgj.sxyxqks.com%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=dadec7f2-d93c-4f73-8f97-e, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1220038315760373764, websiteList=[Website(id=1220043903038837076, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1220038315760373764, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN, language=CN, createTime=1768810733804, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1768811130580, updateBy=18614031015, name=护理研究-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=护理研究, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1228001613021904925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770707999711, updateTime=1770707999711, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613005127706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770707999707, updateTime=1770707999707, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613038682144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770707999715, updateTime=1770707999715, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613000933401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/file/pic?fileId=pB29yYO+7WdTp0HLQ4KSzg==, createTime=1770707999706, updateTime=1770707999706, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613047070754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770707999717, updateTime=1770707999717, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613017710620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770707999710, updateTime=1770707999710, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613042876449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770707999716, updateTime=1770707999716, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613013516315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770707999709, updateTime=1770707999709, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613026099230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770707999712, updateTime=1770707999712, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1228001613034487839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903038837076, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770707999714, updateTime=1770707999714, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1220043903097557352, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1220038315760373764, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN, language=EN, createTime=1768810733819, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1768811154181, updateBy=18614031015, name=护理研究-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Chinese Nursing Research, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1220045841042166147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1768811195860, updateTime=1768811195860, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841017000320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1768811195854, updateTime=1768811195854, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841063137670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1768811195865, updateTime=1768811195865, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841008611711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN/file/pic?fileId=pB29yYO+7WdTp0HLQ4KSzg==, createTime=1768811195852, updateTime=1768811195852, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841075720584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1768811195868, updateTime=1768811195868, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841033777538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN/file/pic, createTime=1768811195858, updateTime=1768811195858, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841071526279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1768811195867, updateTime=1768811195867, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841025388929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1768811195857, updateTime=1768811195857, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841046360452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1768811195861, updateTime=1768811195861, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1220045841054749061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1220043903097557352, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1768811195863, updateTime=1768811195863, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=护理研究, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.hlyjzz.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Chinese Nursing Research, journalPhotoCn=5ND/w5RQYz//x8ucn+e6Vw==, journalPhotoEn=vXneBBf6WfTz/ls4yy3nnA==, journalFirstLetter=H, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/PDF/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/EN/PDF/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1787587200000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
宫颈癌病人放射性阴道毒性的研究进展
收藏切换
邓鑫粤 1 , 王浩云 2 , 熊兰 1 , 朱艳仪 2 , 宋亚兰 2, *, *
护理研究 | 科研综述 2026,40(16): 2935-2940
收起
收藏切换
护理研究 |科研综述 2026 , 40 (16) : 2935 -2940
宫颈癌病人放射性阴道毒性的研究进展
全屏
[Author(id=1322925057256861720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057344942107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057256861720, language=EN, stringName=Xinyue DENG, firstName=Xinyue, middleName=null, lastName=DENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057420439581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057256861720, language=CN, stringName=邓鑫粤, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1广州医科大学,广东 510030, bio={"content":"

邓鑫粤,本科

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

邓鑫粤,本科

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055369424913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055377813522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055386202131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广州医科大学,广东 510030)])]), Author(id=1322925057491742751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057625960481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057491742751, language=EN, stringName=Haoyun WANG, firstName=Haoyun, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057709846562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057491742751, language=CN, stringName=王浩云, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055457505300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055465893909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055470088214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院)])]), Author(id=1322925057789538341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057869230119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057789538341, language=EN, stringName=Lan XIONG, firstName=Lan, middleName=null, lastName=XIONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925057944727592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925057789538341, language=CN, stringName=熊兰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1广州医科大学,广东 510030, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055369424913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055377813522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055386202131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055369424913, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广州医科大学,广东 510030)])]), Author(id=1322925058011836458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925058078945324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925058011836458, language=EN, stringName=Yanyi ZHU, firstName=Yanyi, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925058141859885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925058011836458, language=CN, stringName=朱艳仪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055457505300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055465893909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055470088214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院)])]), Author(id=1322925058204774447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=syalan@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322925058313826353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925058204774447, language=EN, stringName=Yalan SONG, firstName=Yalan, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322925058397712434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, authorId=1322925058204774447, language=CN, stringName=宋亚兰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, *, *, address=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925055457505300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055465893909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925055470088214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925054073384974, companyId=1322925055457505300, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院)])])]
邓鑫粤1, 王浩云2, 熊兰1, 朱艳仪2, 宋亚兰2, *, *
作者信息
  • 1广州医科大学,广东 510030
  • 2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院
通讯作者:
宋亚兰,E-mail:
SONG Yalan, E-mail:
作者简介:

邓鑫粤,本科

Research progress on radiation-induced vaginal toxicity for cervical cancer patients
Xinyue DENG1, Haoyun WANG2, Lan XIONG1, Yanyi ZHU2, Yalan SONG2
Affiliations
  • 1Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510030 China
  • 2Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University
出版时间: 2026-08-25 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024
文章导航
收藏切换

针对宫颈癌病人放疗后阴道毒性的研究进行概述,总结阴道毒性的定义、影响因素、评估工具及护理措施,以期为宫颈癌病人放疗后阴道毒性的护理提供参考。

子宫颈癌  /  放疗  /  阴道毒性  /  生活质量  /  护理  /  综述

This paper provided an overview of the research progress in the nursing of vaginal toxicity in patients with cervical cancer after radiotherapy.It summarized the definition,influencing factors,assessment tools,and nursing measures of vaginal toxicity,so as to provide a reference for the nursing of vaginal toxicity in cervical cancer patients after radiotherapy.

cervical cancer  /  radiotherapy  /  vaginal toxicity  /  quality of life  /  nursing  /  review
邓鑫粤, 王浩云, 熊兰, 朱艳仪, 宋亚兰. 宫颈癌病人放射性阴道毒性的研究进展. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2935 -2940 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024
Xinyue DENG, Haoyun WANG, Lan XIONG, Yanyi ZHU, Yalan SONG. Research progress on radiation-induced vaginal toxicity for cervical cancer patients[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2935 -2940 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024
宫颈癌是一种起源于子宫颈上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤[1],其发病率在全球女性恶性肿瘤中位居第4位[2],严重威胁女性健康。早期宫颈癌以根治性手术切除为主,而晚期及复发性宫颈癌则以放化疗为主[3]。然而,放疗通过高能射线杀灭癌细胞的同时,不可避免地会对照射区域及其邻近组织造成不同程度的损伤,其中阴道毒性是放疗后常见的并发症之一[4]。既往文献报道,宫颈癌放疗后阴道毒性的发病率约为18%[5],是影响病人后续生活质量的主要因素[4]。阴道毒性不仅会导致病人出现性交困难、阴道狭窄等症状[6],还可能影响后续的治疗。因此,探索科学有效的预防和管理策略,以降低宫颈癌病人放疗后阴道毒性的发生率和严重程度,已成为当前妇科肿瘤护理领域的重要研究方向。本研究系统回顾国内外关于宫颈癌病人放疗后阴道毒性护理的研究,以期为临床护理实践提供理论依据和实践指导,为宫颈癌病人放疗后阴道毒性的护理提供参考。
阴道毒性指在调强放疗或近距离放疗过程中,由电离辐射直接作用于阴道组织所引发的急性损伤反应。其典型表现为放疗期间或结束后出现的黏膜炎症、充血及上皮剥脱,严重时可进展为溃疡形成、内皮损伤,并伴随小血管血栓形成、间质水肿及平滑肌坏死等病理改变,从而出现炎症、狭窄、粘连等症状[7]。其中发生于放疗后90 d内的被定义为早期毒性,90 d之后的被定义为晚期毒性[8]。
早期阴道毒性主要表现为阴道因润滑功能受损而变得干燥,导致性唤起时生殖器肿胀减弱,同时阴道弹性降低,阴道长度也可能缩短。晚期阴道毒性主要表现为阴道干燥、性交疼痛以及阴道狭窄。其中,阴道狭窄是最常见的表现,并且随着放疗后时间的推移,其严重程度可能逐渐加重。这些生理变化不仅直接影响性功能,还可能进一步引发性功能障碍,从而对宫颈癌幸存者的性功能和整体生活质量产生显著的负面影响[9]。
阴道毒性的发生与放射治疗方式、剂量及病人的个体特征(如年龄或组织的体质放射敏感性)有关[10]。
不同放射治疗方式会对阴道毒性的发生产生显著影响。宫颈癌的放疗方式包括盆腔放疗和阴道近距离放射治疗,这两种放疗方式均会增加阴道狭窄的发生风险。Kachnic等[11]研究显示,98%的病人阴道狭窄的出现与盆腔放疗和阴道近距离放射治疗有关,78%的病人阴道狭窄的出现与单独进行盆腔放疗有关,而91%的病人阴道狭窄的出现与单独阴道近距离放射治疗有关。说明无论是两种放疗方式结合还是单独采用一种放疗,均会对阴道狭窄的发生产生影响。分析其原因可能是放疗导致的黏膜萎缩和盆腔纤维化,阴道中的弹性蛋白减少且仅位于薄的基底上皮层,最终导致阴道狭窄[12]。
放射治疗剂量对宫颈癌病人阴道狭窄也会产生显著影响。Mirabeau-Beale等[13]研究表明,放疗剂量与病人阴道狭窄程度之间存在密切关联。具体而言,接受高剂量放射治疗的病人,其阴道狭窄的程度相较于接受低剂量放射治疗的病人更严重。其原因可能是放疗射线会对组织产生危害,而剂量越大产生的危害也就越大。
Brand等[14]的研究表明,年龄>50岁会增加接受盆腔/阴道放疗的宫颈癌病人发生阴道狭窄的风险。可能是由于50岁以上的女性病人大多处于围绝经期或者绝经期,此时由于雌激素水平下降,阴道黏膜会出现生理性萎缩变薄、弹性减退等变化。在此生理基础上,放疗更易诱发急性放射性阴道黏膜炎,并增加后续纤维化风险。因此,年龄大的病人发生阴道毒性的可能性越大。
Eifel等[15]的研究表明,吸烟会显著增加盆腔放射治疗并发症的风险。其可能机制包括烟草中的有害物质可导致血管内皮损伤,加重放疗后的组织缺血;而吸烟引发的慢性炎症反应可能协同增强放射线对黏膜的损伤作用。临床研究显示,每日吸烟≥1包的病人发生盆腔放疗相关并发症的风险较非吸烟者显著增加,因此,吸烟的病人比不吸烟的病人发生阴道毒性的风险更大。
常见不良事件评价标准主要用于评估急性阴道毒性,是由美国国立癌症研究院(National Cancer Institute,NCI)制定的用于评价化疗不良反应的方法,截至目前已进行了5次的修订和更新。将阴道炎症分为4个等级,1级为轻度不适或疼痛、水肿或发红;2级为中度不适或疼痛,水肿或发红,借助于工具的日常生活活动受限;3级为重度不适或疼痛,水肿或发红,自理性日常生活活动受限,小面积的黏膜溃疡;4级为危及生命,广泛黏膜溃疡,需要紧急治疗。将阴道狭窄分为3个等级,1级为无症状,轻度阴道缩短或变窄;2级为阴道变窄和/或缩短,不影响体检;3级为阴道变窄和/或缩短,影响使用棉塞,性行为或体检。将阴道疼痛分为3个等级,1级为轻度疼痛;2级为中度疼痛,借助于工具的日常生活活动受限;3级为重度疼痛,自理性日常生活活动受限。第5版常见不良事件评价标准在放化疗的毒性评估中应用广泛[16-17],可用作阴道毒性的评估。
急性放射损伤分级标准是由美国肿瘤放射治疗协作组(Radiation Therapy Oncology Group,RTOG)制定的[18]。该标准主要用于评估病人在接受放射治疗期间及治疗后一段时间内所出现的急性放射损伤程度,涵盖皮肤、黏膜、胃肠道等多个器官和组织的不良反应分级。急性放射损伤分级标准将黏膜损伤分为5个等级,0级为无变化;1级为充血/可有轻度疼痛,无需止痛药;2级为片状黏膜炎,或有炎性血液分泌物,或有中度疼痛,需止痛药;3级为融合的纤维性黏膜炎/可伴重度疼痛,需麻醉药;4级为溃疡、出血、坏死[19]。目前急性放射损伤分级标准已广泛应用于多项研究中,具有良好的信效度及反应度[20]。倪镌等[21]的研究显示,急性放射损伤分级标准能够有效鉴别宫颈癌病人Ⅱ级或Ⅲ级急性放射性膀胱炎与急性放射性肠炎的发生情况。Raj等[22]针对宫颈癌根治性放化疗后的阴道毒性评估研究指出,急性放射损伤分级标准能够准确区分阴道黏膜反应的严重程度分级,提示该量表在妇科肿瘤放疗后远期毒性监测中具有重要价值。
阴道冲洗护理在减轻放疗后阴道毒性方面具有显著效果,能够有效缓解症状、改善病人预后 [23]。
阴道冲洗指的是使用器具(如冲洗器、灌洗器)将特定液体(水、商业洗液、醋、小苏打溶液等)灌注至阴道内,随后排出,以达到治疗及清洁阴道目的的一种妇科护理操作技术之一[24]。
阴道冲洗溶液的成分选择对宫颈癌放疗病人的临床结局具有显著影响。根据溶液性质的不同,目前临床应用主要包括水性溶液(如清水)、消毒剂(如碘伏、苯扎氯铵)、酸性溶液(如醋、柠檬等)、中药制剂以及复合型护理溶液等。在水性溶液选择方面,Hamoonga等[25]回顾性队列研究显示,使用清水冲洗的病人异常宫颈病变发生率显著低于使用酸性溶液(醋、柠檬、姜、盐或糖溶液)的病人,酸性溶液可能通过破坏阴道pH值导致微生物群落失调,从而增加病变风险。在消毒类溶液应用中,任倩如[23]研究证实,0.2%碘伏溶液可降低阴道不良反应发生率。该溶液具有广谱抗菌特性,对细菌芽孢、真菌和病毒均有效,且黏膜刺激性较低。王丽丽等[26]的研究表明,苯扎氯铵溶液作为季铵盐类消毒剂,能有效减少创面分泌物,预防继发感染。同时,复合型溶液也展现出协同效应。吴美林等[27]采用灭菌注射用水联合活性银离子的干预方案,使阴道粘连发生率降低。银离子不仅具有抗菌作用,还能促进组织修复而不破坏正常菌群。钱英净等[28]开发的抑菌护理凝胶联合冲洗方案,通过延长黏膜接触时间,使重度放射性阴道炎发生率下降。中药制剂方面,耿翠翠等[29]使用炎复康洗液(含黄柏、苦参等成分),可降低感染率。郜蕾等[30]的中药冲洗方案(含紫草、地榆等)显著改善黏膜修复,其机制可能与抗炎和促进血管生成有关。
国外多项研究、指南及专家共识均指出,阴道扩张在保持阴道功能正常以及预防阴道狭窄等不良反应方面具有重要作用。这一方法被认为能够改善病人的生活质量,并在术后康复和长期功能维持中发挥关键作用[31]。
阴道扩张器通常在完成盆腔放疗后推荐给病人,以预防阴道狭窄[32-33],建议病人每周至少使用扩张器3次,目标是每天使用。扩张器可以涂抹润滑剂后插入,插入后,扩张器应放置至少5 min,最多15 min。建议每天同一时间使用扩张器,提高每日使用率[34]。病人应逐渐增加扩张器的尺寸,确保有足够的时间适应每个尺寸,一旦较小的尺寸能够舒适地插入1周,就可以增加到更大的尺寸[32]。
多项临床研究证实,阴道扩张器的使用可有效预防宫颈癌放疗病人阴道狭窄的发生,降低阴道粘连的严重程度。在预防阴道狭窄的有效性方面,欧洲妇科肿瘤学会(ESGO)指南[35]指出,对于接受根治性放疗的宫颈癌病人,医护人员应主动告知并教育其关注放疗可能导致的阴道健康问题(如阴道狭窄和干燥),并将阴道扩张器作为一项标准管理措施向病人推荐,以维持阴道健康,预防或减轻狭窄及相关症状。Quinn等[33]开展的一项为期5年的前瞻性队列研究证实,盆腔肿瘤病人在接受放疗后规律使用阴道扩张器(每周≥2次,每次≥15 min)可显著改善阴道狭窄症状。Martins等[36]的一项随机临床试验显示,使用阴道扩张器的病人在治疗后1年,阴道狭窄的发生频率和严重程度显著降低。Charatsi等[37]的研究显示,放疗后使用阴道扩张器12个月,阴道狭窄程度减轻,且可舒适插入更大尺寸的扩张器,疗效显著。Araya-Castro等[38]的一项临床报告显示,放疗后使用阴道扩张器4个月,90.9%的病人维持或增加了阴道扩张器尺寸,证实其预防狭窄的有效性。Kirchheiner等[39]的研究表明,定期使用阴道扩张器扩张可显著降低阴道狭窄风险,改善阴道通畅性。Moon[40]的研究指出,阴道扩张器是治疗放疗所致阴道狭窄的常用方法。病人通常被建议在治疗结束后,以每周2次或3次、每次持续10~15 min的频率使用扩张器,并应坚持3~12个月,以期获得最佳预防和治疗效果。
在治疗阴道粘连的有效性方面,Cerentini等[41]的研究表明,阴道扩张器对阴道长度、宽度和面积无显著影响,但在改善阴道粘连方面效果显著。李凤虎等[42]一项临床报告显示,在放射治疗后6个月内规律进行阴道扩张治疗,可显著降低阴道狭窄及组织粘连发生率,且未观察到相关感染风险增加,其临床获益显著优于未行扩张治疗的对照组。Tahseen等[43]的研究证实,盆腔放疗后使用阴道扩张器3个月的病人中,80.6%可顺利通过两根手指且无粘连,表明其能有效防止阴道进一步粘连。Barcellini等[44]的一项研究表明,建议病人放疗结束后尽早使用阴道扩张器,以预防阴道壁粘连和狭窄。
多项临床研究证据表明,局部药物干预对宫颈癌病人放疗后阴道毒副反应的症状缓解具有显著临床价值。根据药物种类的不同,目前临床应用主要包括激素类药物(如雌激素)、生长因子与防护剂、抗菌与抗炎药物等。
在激素类药物的应用方面,陈丽洁[45]采用乙烯雌酚片剂与维生素E配制后放入阴道的方式,使阴道黏膜的防御功能增强。乙烯雌酚片剂与维生素E配制后不仅能够保护阴道黏膜还能刺激阴道黏膜的增生,维持微生态的平衡。Wierzbicka等[46]系统综述了局部雌激素是改善放射性阴道毒性的有效方法,其在缓解阴道干涩与性交疼痛方面显著优于安慰剂 ,此外,其应用还能改善相关的泌尿系统症状,如尿频、尿急,并有效减轻阴道萎缩。与此同时,有研究证实,局部雌激素应用能有效改善盆腔放疗后引起的阴道干燥和疼痛等症状,约60%病人症状得到缓解,且无严重副作用,是性健康康复中一项可靠的治疗选择[47]。Glaser等[48]的综述表明,局部低剂量雌激素疗法的主要作用是修复萎缩的阴道黏膜,改善干燥和疼痛症状,是缓解妇科癌症放疗后阴道毒性的一个有效、安全且被推荐的医疗选择,尤其适用于宫颈癌等非激素依赖性癌症的幸存者。
在生长因子与防护剂的联合应用方面,李菲等[49]开发的医用射线防护喷剂(MRPS)与重组人表皮生长因子(rhEGF)联合应用方案,通过清除辐射自由基与促进上皮细胞再生,降低放疗后阴道毒性严重程度。麦苗青等[50]采用的“妇放宝”,通过减轻阴道黏膜炎性反应与促进受损黏膜细胞愈合,降低了阴道粘连的风险。此外,意大利放疗专家广泛采用的阴道透明质酸乳霜,通过强效锁水保湿与促进上皮组织再生修复,缓解阴道干涩与性交疼痛,并降低阴道狭窄的发生风险[16]。与之类似,Cosentino等[51]总结的多项国际随机对照试验证实,规律使用透明质酸阴道栓剂能显著改善阴道黏膜的组织学状态,有效降低炎症、纤维化和细胞非典型性的发生率。一项范围综述表明,透明质酸作为一种安全、非激素类治疗选项,在改善放疗后阴道黏膜完整性、缓解症状方面显示出良好的临床疗效,显著提升病人的生活质量[52]。
在抗菌与抗炎药物的应用方面,陈慧[53]的研究表明,使用甲硝唑在阴道放置能够有效控制感染、促进上皮愈合以及防止阴道粘连。钱英净等[28]研究使用的抑菌护理凝胶能够降低急性放射性阴道炎发生率,防止重度放射性阴道炎,延缓阴道炎发生时间。
宫颈癌放疗(包括外照射和近距离放疗)在提高肿瘤控制率的同时,常伴随显著的阴道毒性,如阴道炎、纤维化、狭窄和粘连。阴道狭窄发生率高,严重影响病人的生理功能、性健康和生活质量[54]。然而,临床实践中阴道毒性常被低估,导致病人长期面临疼痛、感染风险增加及性功能障碍等问题。因此,医务人员需要重视阴道毒性问题,将阴道健康管理整合至标准随访流程,包括定期阴道评估、早期干预及多学科协作(如肿瘤科、妇科、康复医学及心理支持团队)。此外,应开发结构化随访工具,如基于电子健康记录的自动提醒系统,以确保病人获得连续、规范的阴道健康管理。
宫颈癌放疗病人放射性阴道毒性的管理是改善其生活质量的关键环节。随着放疗技术的进步和生存率的提高,阴道毒性(如阴道炎、狭窄和粘连)的长期影响日益受到关注。放射性阴道毒性的发生与放疗技术、剂量及病人个体因素(如年龄、绝经状态、组织放射敏感性)密切相关。例如,高剂量近距离放疗病人更易发生严重黏膜损伤,而绝经后女性因雌激素缺乏,阴道萎缩风险更高。针对这些差异,医护人员可针对个体差异,构建基于风险分层的个性化阴道毒性预防策略。例如,既往研究表明对于高剂量放疗病人,采用图像引导调强放疗(IG-IMRT)优化剂量分布[55];对于绝经后病人,推荐早期使用局部雌激素或透明质酸凝胶以改善黏膜修复[56]。此外,还可结合病人合并症(如糖尿病)调整干预方案,因其会降低组织修复能力。临床中可建立风险评分模型,整合放疗参数与个体特征,对高风险者加强阴道冲洗频率、联合抗氧化剂干预,低风险者侧重健康宣教,从而在减少医疗资源浪费的同时,最大限度降低阴道毒性发生率。
放射性阴道毒性的精准评估是优化宫颈癌放疗病人临床管理的核心环节,其评估结果直接影响治疗方案调整及预后判断的科学性。当前临床广泛采用的常见不良事件评价标准及急性放射损伤分级标准虽为常规评估提供了框架,但在精准医疗背景下暴露出显著局限性。首先,其评估结果很大程度上依赖医护人员的主观判断[57],不同评估者可能对同一症状给出显著差异的评级。其次,现有标准的评估范围较广,难以全面、精确地反映病人的真实症状负担和功能损害。随着放疗技术不断向精准化方向发展,阴道毒性的评估工具亟须实现从经验性判断向客观化、量化评估的转变。具体而言,现有评估工具的不足主要体现在主观性强、敏感性不足以及维度单一3个方面。未来需要通过多中心验证研究重点优化几个方面:基于大样本验证提升评估工具的敏感性和特异性从而减少误判风险,确保早期精准分层;通过简化流程、降低成本,适配不同医疗场景需求提升临床实用性和可及性。最后,通过建立评估结果与个体化治疗策略的动态关联形成决策联动机制,最终构建科学、高效且可推广的标准化评估体系,为精准医疗提供核心支撑。
宫颈癌放疗后,阴道狭窄、粘连和纤维化是常见的远期并发症,严重影响病人的生活质量,尤其是性功能恢复。阴道冲洗和扩张器使用技术能够有效预防阴道狭窄,减轻放疗后并发症,提高病人生存质量。然而,目前针对阴道冲洗的频率、冲洗时间、冲洗溶液和使用扩张器的频率、使用时间、间隔时间、使用技巧及尺寸等使用技术是缺乏共识的,会导致临床使用技术不规范。因此,未来研究应重点开展以下工作:通过多中心临床研究建立标准化操作流程,明确个体化使用方案(如冲洗溶液浓度、扩张器尺寸梯度等);开发基于循证医学的临床实践指南,规范技术操作要点;同时加强医护人员操作培训,并通过病人教育提高治疗依从性,从而提升整体治疗效果和安全性。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
郑伟.宫颈癌术后放疗患者预防下肢淋巴水肿干预方案的构建[D].沈阳:中国医科大学,2023.
2
龙行涛,周琦,林仲秋.子宫颈癌免疫检查点抑制剂临床应用指南(2024年版)[J].中国实用妇科与产科杂志,2024,40(7):712-719.
3
张军.宫颈癌治疗的现状及问题:从临床指南到真实世界研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(3):259-263.
4
马晓洁,余曦冉,陈巧云.宫颈癌放疗的阴道剂量学研究进展[J].广东医学,2017,38(S2):171-173.
5
Kirchheiner K,Nout R A,Lindegaard J C,et al.Dose-effect relationship and risk factors for vaginal stenosis after definitive radio(chemo) therapy with image-guided brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer in the EMBRACE study[J].Radiotherapy and Oncology,2016,118(1):160-166.
6
王东,戴莺莺.中西医结合预防宫颈癌根治术后性功能障碍的疗效分析[J].中国性科学,2015,24(1):35-38.
7
Morris L,Do V,Chard J,et al.Radiation-induced vaginal stenosis:current perspectives[J].International Journal of Women's Health,2017,9:273-279.
8
Gultekin M,Beduk Esen C S,Balci B,et al.Role of vaginal brachytherapy boost following adjuvant external beam radiotherapy in cervical cancer:Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology Gynecologic Group Study(TROD 04-002)[J].International Journal of Gynecological Cancer,2021,31(2):185-193.
9
Ruanla J,Muangwong P,Kittidachanan K,et al.The Association of Vagina Equivalent Dose in 2 Gy Fraction(EQD2) to late vagina toxicity in patients of cervical cancer treated with WPRT plus IGABT[J].Brachytherapy,2022,21(5):658-667.
10
Varytė G,Bartkevičienė D.Pelvic radiation therapy induced vaginal stenosis:a review of current modalities and recent treatment advances[J].Medicina,2021,57(4):336.
11
Kachnic L A,Bruner D W,Qureshi M M,et al.Perceptions and practices regarding women's vaginal health following radiation therapy:a survey of radiation oncologists practicing in the United States[J].Practical Radiation Oncology,2017,7(5):356-363.
12
Hofsjö A,Bohm-Starke N,Blomgren B,et al.Radiotherapy-induced vaginal fibrosis in cervical cancer survivors[J].Acta Oncologica,2017,56(5):661-666.
13
Mirabeau-Beale K,Hong T S,Niemierko A,et al.Clinical and treatment factors associated with vaginal stenosis after definitive chemoradiation for anal canal cancer[J].Practical Radiation Oncology,2015,5(3):e113-e118.
14
Brand A H,Bull C A,Cakir B.Vaginal stenosis in patients treated with radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix[J].International Journal of Gynecological Cancer,2006,16(1):288-293.
15
Eifel P J,Jhingran A,Bodurka D C,et al.Correlation of smoking history and other patient characteristics with major complications of pelvic radiation therapy for cervical cancer[J].Journal of Clinical Oncology,2002,20(17):3651-3657.
16
Schönicke T,Koch R,Vogt I,et al.Retrospective evaluation of GEC-ESTRO constraints for definitive radiochemotherapy with brachytherapy and correlation with oncologic outcome in cervical cancer:a monocenter study[J].Cancers,2024,16(20).
17
De Felice F,Vicenzi L,Macchia G,et al.Vaginal toxicity management in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer following exclusive chemoradiation--a nationwide survey on knowledge and attitudes by the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology(AIRO) gynecology study group[J].Medicina,2023,59(2):385.
18
王方,甄宏楠,于康,等.宫颈癌患者同步放化疗期间营养状况和人体成分变化[J].中华临床营养杂志,2025,33(2):81-89.
19
Cox J D,Stetz J,Pajak T F.Toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group(RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)[J].International Journal of Radiation Oncology,Biology,Physics,1995,31(5):1341-1346.
20
黄文轩,黄生富,张丝雨,等.鼻咽癌N0-N1期患者Ⅱa区临床靶区优化策略及对远期口干的影响[J].中华放射肿瘤学杂志,2024,33(5):397-404.
21
倪镌,殷卓敏,袁淑慧,等.妇科恶性肿瘤患者术后辅助不同方式放疗的对比研究[J].中华妇产科杂志,2017,52(3):168-174.
22
Raj S,Prasad R R,Ranjan A.Incidence of vaginal toxicities following definitive chemoradiation in intact cervical cancer:a meta-analysis[J].Journal of Contemporary Brachytherapy,2024,16(3):241-256.
23
任倩如.局部晚期宫颈癌精确放疗后阴道冲洗护理的效果研究[J].中国血液流变学杂志,2018,28(3):352-355.
24
潘春梅.妇科阴道冲洗的研究现状[J].中华现代护理杂志,2012,18(35):4330-4332.
25
Hamoonga T E,Olowski P,Musonda P.Vaginal douching in Zambia:a risk or benefit to women in the fight against cervical cancer:a retrospective cohort study[J].BMC Women's Health,2019,19(1):135.
26
王丽丽,龙小丽.改良冲洗器联合苯扎氯铵溶液在宫颈癌患者放疗护理中的应用效果[J].解放军护理杂志,2017,34(15):75-76.
27
吴美林,唐媛媛,华羽晨.活性银离子联合灭菌注射用水进行阴道冲洗治疗老年宫颈癌病人放疗并发症的效果分析[J].实用老年医学,2020,34(11):1209-1210.
28
钱英净,施璠,邢舒,等.抑菌护理凝胶联合阴道冲洗对宫颈癌患者急性放射性阴道炎的影响[J].护理学杂志,2021,36(6):44-45.
29
耿翠翠,李磊强,张杨,等.炎复康阴道冲洗预防宫颈癌放疗阴道损伤的疗效[J].中国肿瘤临床与康复,2019,26(4):409-411.
30
郜蕾,袁香坤,胡建伟,等.清热解毒方中药灌洗治疗宫颈癌放疗患者放射性阴道炎的疗效观察[J].世界中西医结合杂志,2022,17(11):2232-2235.
31
李松兰,田昌英,王国蓉,等.宫颈癌放疗病人阴道扩张康复措施证据总结[J].护理研究,2024,38(17):3137-3142.
32
Liu M,Juravic M,Mazza G,et al.Vaginal dilators:issues and answers[J].Sexual Medicine Reviews,2021,9(2):212-220.
33
Quinn B A,Deng X Y,Sullivan S A,et al.Change in vaginal length and sexual function in women who undergo surgery ± radiation therapy for endometrial cancer[J].Brachytherapy,2023,22(3):334-342.
34
Barbera L,Zwaal C,Elterman D,et al.Interventions to address sexual problems in people with cancer[J].Current Oncology,2017,24(3):192-200.
35
Cibula D,Fischerova D,Potter R,et al.The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology/European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology/European Society of Pathology guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer[J].International Journal of Gynecological Cancer,2018,28(4):641-655.
36
Martins J,Vaz A F,Grion R C,et al.Correction to:topical estrogen,testosterone,and vaginal dilator in the prevention of vaginal stenosis after radiotherapy in women with cervical cancer:a randomized clinical trial[J].BMC Cancer,2021,21(1):811.
37
Charatsi D,Vanakara P,Evaggelopoulou E,et al.Vaginal dilator use to promote sexual wellbeing after radiotherapy in gynecological cancer survivors[J].Medicine,2022,101(4):e28705.
38
Araya-Castro P,Sacomori C,Diaz-Guerrero P,et al.Vaginal dilator and pelvic floor exercises for vaginal stenosis,sexual health and quality of life among cervical cancer patients treated with radiation:clinical report[J].Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy,2020,46(6):513-527.
39
Kirchheiner K,Zaharie A,Smet S,et al.Association between the regular use of vaginal dilators and/or sexual activity and vaginal morbidity in locally advanced cervical cancer survivors:an EMBRACE-I study report[J].International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics,2025,121(2):452-464.
40
Moon H.Nursing care for women with gynecologic cancer receiving radiotherapy:current updates[J].Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing,2023,29(4):257-262.
41
Cerentini T M,Schlöttgen J,Viana da Rosa P,et al.Clinical and psychological outcomes of the use of vaginal dilators after gynaecological brachytherapy:a randomized clinical trial[J].Advances in Therapy,2019,36(8):1936-1949.
42
李凤虎,冉立,常建英,等.阴道扩张术预防宫颈癌放化疗后阴道狭窄的效果[J].贵州医科大学学报,2016,41(8):939-941.
43
Tahseen R,Ahmed Y,Tariq M,et al.Compliance and clinical efficacy of vaginal dilator after radiotherapy for cervical and endometrial malignancies[J].Ecancermedicalscience,2023,17:1545.
44
Barcellini A,Dominoni M,Dal Mas F,et al.Sexual health dysfunction after radiotherapy for gynecological cancer:role of physical rehabilitation including pelvic floor muscle training[J].Frontiers in Medicine,2021,8:813352.
45
陈丽洁.宫颈癌放疗后阴道炎症的护理[J].医药产业资讯,2005,2(23):101.
46
Wierzbicka A,Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D,Cieślewicz S,et al.Interventions preventing vaginitis,vaginal atrophy after brachytherapy or radiotherapy due to malignant tumors of the female reproductive organs--a systematic review[J].International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2021,18(8):3932.
47
Iselius S,Knutsen A,Mikiver R,et al.Late adverse events in patients with pelvic cancer after oncologic treatment-intervention and treatment effect[J].Supportive Care in Cancer,2023,31(5):263.
48
Glaser S M,Mohindra P,Mahantshetty U,et al.Complications of intracavitary brachytherapy for gynecologic cancers and their management:a comprehensive review[J].Brachytherapy,2021,20(5):984-994.
49
李菲,郝芳时,王永刚.改良冲洗器联合医用射线防护喷剂和重组人表皮生长因子在宫颈癌放疗护理中的临床应用[J].长春中医药大学学报,2020,36(3):601-603.
50
麦苗青,陈佩芬,冯桂荣,等.宫颈癌放疗并发阴道粘连的临床护理[J].中华放射肿瘤学杂志,2017,26(10):1162-1164.
51
Cosentino D,Piro F.Hyaluronic acid for treatment of the radiation therapy side effects:a systematic review[J].European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences,2018,22(21):7562-7572.
52
Da Silva Ribeiro L,De Campos Pereira Silveira R C,Vasques C I,et al.Hyaluronic acid to manage radiotoxicities in gynecological cancer patients:a scoping review[J].Supportive Care in Cancer,2024,32(7):439.
53
陈慧.放化疗同步治疗晚期宫颈癌患者的护理[J].护理学杂志,2009,24(6):21-23.
54
Shankar A,Patil J,Luther A,et al.Sexual dysfunction in carcinoma cervix:assessment in post treated cases by LENTSOMA scale[J].Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention,2020,21(2):349-354.
55
Klopp A H,Yeung A R,Deshmukh S,et al.Patient-reported toxicity during pelvic intensity-modulated radiation therapy:NRG oncology-RTOG 1203[J].Journal of Clinical Oncology,2018,36(24):2538-2544.
56
Cibula D,Raspollini M R,Planchamp F,et al.ESGO/ESTRO/ESP guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer-update 2023[J].International Journal of Gynecological Cancer,2023,33(5):649-666.
57
De Morais Siqueira T,Derchain S,Juliato C R T,et al.Vaginal stenosis in women with cervical or endometrial cancer after pelvic radiotherapy:a cross-sectional study of vaginal measurements,risk for sexual dysfunction and quality of life[J].International Urogynecology Journal,2022,33(3):637-649.
2026年第40卷第16期
20
8
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024
  • 接收时间:2025-09-17
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-08-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-17
  • 修回日期:2026-07-26
基金
作者信息
    1广州医科大学,广东 510030
    2广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院

通讯作者:

宋亚兰,E-mail:
SONG Yalan, E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.024
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏