Article(id=1322925130816565695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.022, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1755100800000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-14, revisedDate=1785081600000, revisedDateStr=2026-07-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339529946, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1787587200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339529946, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339529946, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339529946, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322924976893993108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='16', pageStart='2769', pageEnd='2960', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787587200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793339493249, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343103544, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2916, endPage=2924, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322925131089195456, articleId=1322925130816565695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Application of new media health education interventions in improving parenting concerns of young and middle-aged cancer patients:a scoping review, columnId=1220689485315101342, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Review Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To review the application of new media health education in improving parenting concerns among young and middle-aged cancer patients,and to provide a reference for alleviating such concerns.

Methods

Relevant literature on the application of new media health education interventions to improve parenting concerns in young and middle-aged cancer patients was retrieved from Web of Science,PubMed,MedLine,Elsevier,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang Database,VIP,and Chinese Biomedical Literature database.The search period covered from the inception of each database to November 30, 2025.

Results

A total of 9 articles were included,among which 1 was a Chinese article and 8 were English articles.The intervention targets of new media health education included the patients,their spouses,and medical staff.The intervention contents mainly covered psychological support,health education,communication and parenting skills training,behavioral and lifestyle intervention,personalized intervention and resource provision,family daily life and end-of-life preparation,and caregiver support.The outcome indicators mainly involved anxiety and depression,parenting stress,parenting efficacy,communication skills,family and behavioral functions,coping styles,and quality of life.

Conclusions

New media health education interventions could improve parenting concerns in young and middle-aged cancer patients.Future research may employ large‑sample surveys to map parenting concerns across different cancer types,stages,and treatment phases,and integrate virtual reality and artificial intelligence technologies to develop innovative and personalized interventions,thereby maximizing the improvement of patients' parenting concerns.

, authors=Hanqi HU1, 2, Sainan GU3, Jiaqin GUAN4, Fang ZHAO1, 2, authorsList=Hanqi HU, Sainan GU, Jiaqin GUAN, Fang ZHAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fang ZHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322925131466682817, articleId=1322925130816565695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=新媒体健康教育干预改善中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑的范围综述, columnId=1220689485482873504, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=科研综述, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

综述新媒体健康教育在中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑干预中的应用,为改善中青年癌症病人的育儿忧虑状况提供参考。

方法

检索Web of Science、PubMed、MedLine、Elsevier、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于新媒体健康教育干预改善中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑的相关文献。检索时限为各数据库建库至2025年11月30日。

结果

共纳入9篇文献,其中中文文献1篇,英文文献8篇。新媒体健康教育干预对象涉及癌症病人、病人及其配偶、医护人员;干预内容主要包括心理支持、健康教育、沟通与育儿技能培养、行为与生活方式干预、个性化干预与资源提供、家庭日常与临终准备、照顾者支持;结局指标主要涉及焦虑抑郁、育儿压力、育儿效能、沟通技能、家庭及行为功能、应对方式、生活质量。

结论

新媒体健康教育干预能够改善中青年癌症病人的育儿忧虑。未来研究可以通过大样本调查,绘制不同癌症类型、分期、治疗阶段育儿忧虑图谱,结合虚拟现实与人工智能技术,创新干预方法,开展个性化干预,最大限度改善病人的育儿忧虑。

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胡晗琪,硕士研究生在读

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赵芳,E-mail:
ZHAO Fang, E-mail:
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rfNumber=32, rfOrder=31, authorNames=Lewis F M, Griffith K A, Walker A, journalName=Supportive Care in Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lewis F M,Griffith K A,Walker A,et al.The enhancing connections-telephone study:a pilot feasibility test of a cancer parenting program[J].Supportive Care in Cancer,2017,25(2):615-623., articleTitle=The enhancing connections-telephone study:a pilot feasibility test of a cancer parenting program, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925142837441045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=66, issue=5, pageStart=e603, pageEnd=e609, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=32, authorNames=Ann-Yi S, Milbury K, Jones M, journalName=Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ann-Yi S,Milbury K,Jones M,et al.Supportive care for dual caregivers who care for their partner with cancer and their young children[J].Journal of Pain and Symptom Management,2023,66(5):e603-e609., articleTitle=Supportive care for dual caregivers who care for their partner with cancer and their young children, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925142896161302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=30, issue=10, pageStart=8301, pageEnd=8311, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=33, authorNames=Park E M, Deal A M, Heiling H M, journalName=Supportive Care in Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Park E M,Deal A M,Heiling H M,et al.Families addressing cancer together(FACT):feasibility and acceptability of a web-based psychosocial intervention for parents with cancer[J].Supportive Care in Cancer,2022,30(10):8301-8311., articleTitle=Families addressing cancer together(FACT):feasibility and acceptability of a web-based psychosocial intervention for parents with cancer, refAbstract=null), 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pageEnd=134, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=35, authorNames=罗谷梅, 李慧, journalName=中外医药研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=罗谷梅,李慧.基于短视频平台的健康教育对糖尿病患者的影响[J].中外医药研究,2025,4(3):132-134., articleTitle=基于短视频平台的健康教育对糖尿病患者的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143110070809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=51, issue=2, pageStart=206, pageEnd=210, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=36, authorNames=张景春, 吴燕, journalName=中华护理杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张景春,吴燕.社交媒体在医疗护理领域中应用的研究进展[J].中华护理杂志,2016,51(2):206-210., articleTitle=社交媒体在医疗护理领域中应用的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143177179674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=7, issue=3, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=37, authorNames=Lazard A J, Collins M K R, Hedrick A, journalName=JMIR Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lazard A J,Collins M K R,Hedrick A,et al.Using social media for peer-to-peer cancer support:interviews with young adults with cancer[J].JMIR Cancer,2021,7(3):e28234., articleTitle=Using social media for peer-to-peer cancer support:interviews with young adults with cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143248482843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=31, issue=2, pageStart=127, pageEnd=141, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=38, authorNames=Oh M R, Min H Y, journalName=The Korean Journal of the Human Development, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Oh M R,Min H Y.The effect of basic psychological needs of mothers with infants on parenting behaviors:the moderated mediating effect of parenting stress by social support on social media[J].The Korean Journal of the Human Development,2024,31(2):127-141., articleTitle=The effect of basic psychological needs of mothers with infants on parenting behaviors:the moderated mediating effect of parenting stress by social support on social media, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143311397404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=19, pageStart=121, pageEnd=124, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=39, authorNames=杨金霞, 陈梅, 高文思, journalName=实用中西医结合临床, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨金霞,陈梅,高文思,等.新媒体联合健康教育对乳腺癌术后患者的应用效果[J].实用中西医结合临床,2023,23(19):121-124., articleTitle=新媒体联合健康教育对乳腺癌术后患者的应用效果, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143378506269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=827947, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=40, authorNames=Hasdenteufel M, Quintard B, journalName=Frontiers in Psychology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hasdenteufel M,Quintard B.Dyadic experiences and psychosocial management of couples facing advanced cancer:a systematic review of the literature[J].Frontiers in Psychology,2022,13:827947., articleTitle=Dyadic experiences and psychosocial management of couples facing advanced cancer:a systematic review of the literature, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143449809438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=42, rfOrder=41, authorNames=Milbury K, Ann-Yi S, Jones M, journalName=Psycho-Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Milbury K,Ann-Yi S,Jones M,et al.Patients with advanced cancer and their spouses parenting minor children:the role of the relationship context in parenting concerns[J].Psycho-Oncology,2024,33(3):e6310., articleTitle=Patients with advanced cancer and their spouses parenting minor children:the role of the relationship context in parenting concerns, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143537889823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=25, issue=8, pageStart=942, pageEnd=948, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=43, rfOrder=42, authorNames=Park E M, Deal A M, Check D K, journalName=Psycho-Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Park E M,Deal A M,Check D K,et al.Parenting concerns,quality of life,and psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer[J].Psycho-Oncology,2016,25(8):942-948., articleTitle=Parenting concerns,quality of life,and psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143604998688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=30, issue=15, pageStart=43, pageEnd=47, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=44, rfOrder=43, authorNames=杨靖宇, 唐起岚, 程仪, journalName=护理学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨靖宇,唐起岚,程仪.短视频辅助健康教育在临床护理应用进展[J].护理学报,2023,30(15):43-47., articleTitle=短视频辅助健康教育在临床护理应用进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143667913249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=45, rfOrder=44, authorNames=钱梅艳, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=钱梅艳.乳腺癌患者养育忧虑量表的编制及初步应用[D].扬州:扬州大学,2024., articleTitle=乳腺癌患者养育忧虑量表的编制及初步应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143726633506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=16, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=46, rfOrder=45, authorNames=Lewis F M, Zahlis E H, Shands M E, journalName=Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lewis F M,Zahlis E H,Shands M E,et al.A pilot feasibility study of a group-delivered cancer parenting program:enhancing connections-group[J].Journal of Psychosocial Oncology,2021,39(1):1-16., articleTitle=A pilot feasibility study of a group-delivered cancer parenting program:enhancing connections-group, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143802130979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=15, pageStart=87, pageEnd=91, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=47, rfOrder=46, authorNames=陈爱莲, 张榆, 黄金贵, journalName=护理学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈爱莲,张榆,黄金贵,等.癌症患者对未成年子女养育忧虑的现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2024,39(15):87-91., articleTitle=癌症患者对未成年子女养育忧虑的现状及影响因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925143927960100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=32, issue=4, pageStart=442, pageEnd=452, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=48, rfOrder=47, authorNames=徐睿锋, 王泓睿, 车云, journalName=中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐睿锋,王泓睿,车云,等.《癌症统计数据2025》解读:中美癌症流行病学特征及长期趋势对比研究[J].中国胸心血管外科临床杂志,2025,32(4):442-452., articleTitle=《癌症统计数据2025》解读:中美癌症流行病学特征及长期趋势对比研究, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925131768672706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925131777061315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, companyId=1322925131768672706, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Graduate School, 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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925133622555084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, companyId=1322925133614166475, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925133630943693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, companyId=1322925133614166475, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4复旦大学附属肿瘤医院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322925138777354736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of included literature(n=9)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
作者国家年龄(试验组/对照组,岁)样本量(试验组/对照组,例)试验组干预措施对照组
干预措施
结局
指标
干预地点干预时长干预
周期
干预频次(次)干预内容干预形式
梁未丹等[27]中国(45.62±7.69)/(45.83±7.90)63/62医院及家中30 min12周12由医疗小组对病人进行基于Snyder希望理论的居家希望策略,包括健康教育、目标设定(长短期计划)、路径思维(家属支持、希望日记记录、兴趣培养)和动力思维(抗癌案例激励)线上与线下相结合常规心理干预①②③
Stafford等[28]澳大
利亚
41.0±4.817未提及1 h4周1参与者自主使用视听资源和问题提示列表,并接受心理学家的一对一电话随访支持线上一对一无①④⑤⑥⑦⑧
Johannsen等[29]德国44.42±11.60100/52未提及3 h3 h1由培训师对医护人员进行3个模块的培训:疾病对家庭的影响、儿童对疾病的反应、沟通技巧训练线上与线下相结合无④⑨
Milbury等[30]美国(42.0±5.1)/(42.0±6.1)50/50未提及45 min4周4由专业咨询师对病人及其配偶进行线上视频课程干预,包括疾病沟通与家庭常规维护、照顾者支持与临终准备线上一对一和一对多常规护理①⑤
Lewis等[31]美国44.58±7.8426未提及21.0~52.5 min10周5接受培训的护士对病人进行为期10周、共5节的电话干预课程,课程包含书面、互动及家庭作业等形式远程干预无①⑤⑦
Lewis等[32]美国42.6±4.832/77未提及30~60 min10周5由教育者对病人进行电话课程干预,内容围绕帮助母亲区分自身与孩子对癌症的体验、提升倾听技巧、理解孩子应对方式等远程干预教育咨询项目①⑤⑦
Ann-Yi等[33]美国4220未提及45 min4周4由专业咨询师对病人及其配偶进行线上视频课程干预,包括疾病沟通与家庭常规维护、照顾者支持与临终准备线上一对一和一对多无①⑤
Park等[34]美国44.4±7.346未提及未提及未提及1由多学科团队对病人进行心理教育干预,包括5个模块,涉及与孩子沟通癌症相关问题的一般原则、初次对话和后续对话的策略、常见问题答疑等线上一对一无①④⑥⑧
Nakamura等[35]美国4424/23医院未提及6周未提及基于网站的自助程序为癌症父母提供在线个性化指导干预,包括病情沟通技巧、具体对话语言建议和策略线上常规护理①④
), ArticleFig(id=1322925138861240817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925130816565695, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

纳入文献研究的基本特征(n=9)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
作者国家年龄(试验组/对照组,岁)样本量(试验组/对照组,例)试验组干预措施对照组
干预措施
结局
指标
干预地点干预时长干预
周期
干预频次(次)干预内容干预形式
梁未丹等[27]中国(45.62±7.69)/(45.83±7.90)63/62医院及家中30 min12周12由医疗小组对病人进行基于Snyder希望理论的居家希望策略,包括健康教育、目标设定(长短期计划)、路径思维(家属支持、希望日记记录、兴趣培养)和动力思维(抗癌案例激励)线上与线下相结合常规心理干预①②③
Stafford等[28]澳大
利亚
41.0±4.817未提及1 h4周1参与者自主使用视听资源和问题提示列表,并接受心理学家的一对一电话随访支持线上一对一无①④⑤⑥⑦⑧
Johannsen等[29]德国44.42±11.60100/52未提及3 h3 h1由培训师对医护人员进行3个模块的培训:疾病对家庭的影响、儿童对疾病的反应、沟通技巧训练线上与线下相结合无④⑨
Milbury等[30]美国(42.0±5.1)/(42.0±6.1)50/50未提及45 min4周4由专业咨询师对病人及其配偶进行线上视频课程干预,包括疾病沟通与家庭常规维护、照顾者支持与临终准备线上一对一和一对多常规护理①⑤
Lewis等[31]美国44.58±7.8426未提及21.0~52.5 min10周5接受培训的护士对病人进行为期10周、共5节的电话干预课程,课程包含书面、互动及家庭作业等形式远程干预无①⑤⑦
Lewis等[32]美国42.6±4.832/77未提及30~60 min10周5由教育者对病人进行电话课程干预,内容围绕帮助母亲区分自身与孩子对癌症的体验、提升倾听技巧、理解孩子应对方式等远程干预教育咨询项目①⑤⑦
Ann-Yi等[33]美国4220未提及45 min4周4由专业咨询师对病人及其配偶进行线上视频课程干预,包括疾病沟通与家庭常规维护、照顾者支持与临终准备线上一对一和一对多无①⑤
Park等[34]美国44.4±7.346未提及未提及未提及1由多学科团队对病人进行心理教育干预,包括5个模块,涉及与孩子沟通癌症相关问题的一般原则、初次对话和后续对话的策略、常见问题答疑等线上一对一无①④⑥⑧
Nakamura等[35]美国4424/23医院未提及6周未提及基于网站的自助程序为癌症父母提供在线个性化指导干预,包括病情沟通技巧、具体对话语言建议和策略线上常规护理①④
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新媒体健康教育干预改善中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑的范围综述
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胡晗琪 1, 2 , 顾赛男 3 , 管佳琴 4 , 赵芳 1, 2, *, *
护理研究 | 科研综述 2026,40(16): 2916-2924
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护理研究 |科研综述 2026 , 40 (16) : 2916 -2924
新媒体健康教育干预改善中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑的范围综述
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胡晗琪1, 2, 顾赛男3, 管佳琴4, 赵芳1, 2, *, *
作者信息
  • 1上海中医药大学研究生院,上海 201203
  • 2上海健康医学院护理与健康管理学院
  • 3启东市中医院
  • 4复旦大学附属肿瘤医院
通讯作者:
赵芳,E-mail:
ZHAO Fang, E-mail:
作者简介:

胡晗琪,硕士研究生在读

Application of new media health education interventions in improving parenting concerns of young and middle-aged cancer patients:a scoping review
Hanqi HU1, 2, Sainan GU3, Jiaqin GUAN4, Fang ZHAO1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203 China
  • 2School of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences
  • 3Qidong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
  • 4Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
出版时间: 2026-08-25 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.022
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目的

综述新媒体健康教育在中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑干预中的应用,为改善中青年癌症病人的育儿忧虑状况提供参考。

方法

检索Web of Science、PubMed、MedLine、Elsevier、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于新媒体健康教育干预改善中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑的相关文献。检索时限为各数据库建库至2025年11月30日。

结果

共纳入9篇文献,其中中文文献1篇,英文文献8篇。新媒体健康教育干预对象涉及癌症病人、病人及其配偶、医护人员;干预内容主要包括心理支持、健康教育、沟通与育儿技能培养、行为与生活方式干预、个性化干预与资源提供、家庭日常与临终准备、照顾者支持;结局指标主要涉及焦虑抑郁、育儿压力、育儿效能、沟通技能、家庭及行为功能、应对方式、生活质量。

结论

新媒体健康教育干预能够改善中青年癌症病人的育儿忧虑。未来研究可以通过大样本调查,绘制不同癌症类型、分期、治疗阶段育儿忧虑图谱,结合虚拟现实与人工智能技术,创新干预方法,开展个性化干预,最大限度改善病人的育儿忧虑。

中青年  /  癌症  /  新媒体  /  健康教育  /  育儿忧虑  /  综述
Objective

To review the application of new media health education in improving parenting concerns among young and middle-aged cancer patients,and to provide a reference for alleviating such concerns.

Methods

Relevant literature on the application of new media health education interventions to improve parenting concerns in young and middle-aged cancer patients was retrieved from Web of Science,PubMed,MedLine,Elsevier,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang Database,VIP,and Chinese Biomedical Literature database.The search period covered from the inception of each database to November 30, 2025.

Results

A total of 9 articles were included,among which 1 was a Chinese article and 8 were English articles.The intervention targets of new media health education included the patients,their spouses,and medical staff.The intervention contents mainly covered psychological support,health education,communication and parenting skills training,behavioral and lifestyle intervention,personalized intervention and resource provision,family daily life and end-of-life preparation,and caregiver support.The outcome indicators mainly involved anxiety and depression,parenting stress,parenting efficacy,communication skills,family and behavioral functions,coping styles,and quality of life.

Conclusions

New media health education interventions could improve parenting concerns in young and middle-aged cancer patients.Future research may employ large‑sample surveys to map parenting concerns across different cancer types,stages,and treatment phases,and integrate virtual reality and artificial intelligence technologies to develop innovative and personalized interventions,thereby maximizing the improvement of patients' parenting concerns.

young and middle-aged  /  cancer  /  new media  /  health education  /  parenting concerns  /  scoping review
胡晗琪, 顾赛男, 管佳琴, 赵芳. 新媒体健康教育干预改善中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑的范围综述. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2916 -2924 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.022
Hanqi HU, Sainan GU, Jiaqin GUAN, Fang ZHAO. Application of new media health education interventions in improving parenting concerns of young and middle-aged cancer patients:a scoping review[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2916 -2924 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.022
癌症作为全球范围内主要的致死性疾病之一,其所致的疾病负担日益加重。当前全球癌症发病率呈快速增长态势,且发病年龄趋于年轻化,越来越多的病人在积极接受治疗的同时,还承担着养育未成年子女的责任[1-3]。研究表明,有孩子需要抚养的癌症病人比没有孩子的病人更容易出现心理困扰[4],前者在承受疾病痛苦的同时,往往陷入既担忧自身健康又焦虑子女成长的双重困境,一定程度上影响了疾病的治疗与预后[5]。中青年群体肩负着家庭和社会的双重责任,他们既要管理自身疾病需求,又要照顾到孩子需求,女性病人担心在履行母亲角色方面感到失败,男性病人则担忧无法工作成为家庭支柱,使其身心疲惫,癌症会进一步加剧其心理负担[6-7]。育儿忧虑是指个体因患病担心自身健康状况对子女的成长进程、身心发展等方面造成不良影响,进而滋生的一种忧虑情绪[8]。癌症病人对子女的育儿忧虑贯穿疾病诊断至治疗的全过程,且该忧虑会对病人生理与心理健康产生持续与长期的影响[1],病人常因难以维持患病前的子女照料水平而深陷内疚与自责,这种持续的心理应激会进一步加剧其焦虑、抑郁情绪,甚至影响治疗决策[9]。目前改善癌症病人育儿忧虑的措施主要是专业人员通过电话或面对面形式进行社会心理支持干预[10],虽然取得了一定的效果,但病人普遍认为目前可用的干预措施不足以满足他们的心理需求,期望获得更深层次的情感理解及应对策略[11]。国内对于癌症病人育儿忧虑干预的研究尚在起步阶段,以质性研究为主[12]。
健康教育是通过提高对疾病的知识和信念而达到改变行为的目的,在中青年癌症病人的治疗与预后管理中发挥着重要的作用。有效的健康教育不仅能提升治疗依从性,还能帮助病人应对疾病带来的心理压力,改变生活习惯和行为,提高生活质量[13]。健康教育已被证实能改善癌症病人的负性情绪,但缺乏长期效果评估[14-15],而癌症病人对于健康教育也有着越来越多的需求[13]。传统健康教育常以纸质手册、讲座等单向信息传递为主,存在信息记忆留存率低的问题,这在一定程度上限制了健康教育作用的充分发挥[16-17]。随着移动互联网与新媒体技术的不断发展并日益成熟,临床健康教育更加便捷高效,新媒体已成为当今社会信息传播的重要载体[18-19]。视频科普、图文推送、在线互动等新媒体形式打破了传统健康教育在时间和空间上的限制,可以满足不同病人的个性化学习需求,有效提升病人健康教育的质量与效果,这种多感官融合的传播方式更易激发病人的兴趣,也更便于信息的记忆与留存[20],年轻癌症病人也倾向于使用新媒体技术获得专业知识以及外界支持等[21]。新媒体健康教育广泛应用在各领域:在慢性病管理领域,新媒体突破了传统管理模式的局限,通过电子化信息系统的应用,不仅提升了治疗效率,还改善了病人的医疗体验[22]。在老年神经系统疾病领域,借助新媒体搭建线上护理支持平台,医护人员能够及时掌握病人的康复状况,病人的认知功能也随之得到改善[23];在癌症病人的健康教育中,依托新媒体平台进行在线心理干预,可以缓解病人的心理压力,提高自护能力以及生活质量[24]。而在癌症病人育儿忧虑方面,新媒体健康教育应用较少,以线下传统健康教育模式为主。尽管新媒体健康教育应用广泛且优势明显,但将其系统性地应用于改善中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑的研究仍处于探索阶段,其干预类型、具体效果、优势局限及发展方向有待梳理。
系统检索Web of Science、PubMed、MedLine、Elsevier、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库中与新媒体健康教育干预改善中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑相关的研究,检索时限为建库至2025年11月30日。采用MeSH主题词、自由词及布尔逻辑运算符连接词结合方式进行检索,同时追溯纳入研究的参考文献。中文检索词包括癌症、恶性肿瘤、肿瘤、癌、育儿压力、育儿担忧、未成年子女、养育忧虑、养育忧患、抚养。英文检索词包括cancer、neoplasia、neoplasm、tumor、malignant neoplasm、malignancy、parents with cancer、oncology patients、parenting、child rearing、parent-child relations、parenting concerns、parenting stress、parenting anxiety、parenting burden。以PubMed为例,检索策略如下:
#1 (neoplasms[MeSH Terms] OR cancer[Title/Abstract] OR neoplasia[Title/Abstract] OR neoplasm[Title/Abstract] OR tumor[Title/Abstract] OR malignant neoplasm[Title/Abstract] OR malignancy[Title/Abstract] OR parents with cancer[Title/Abstract] OR oncology patients[Title/Abstract])
#2 (parenting[MeSH Terms] OR child rearing[MeSH Terms] OR parent-child relations[MeSH Terms] OR parenting concerns[Title/Abstract] OR parenting stress[Title/Abstract] OR parenting anxiety[Title/Abstract] OR parenting burden[Title/Abstract])
#3 #1 AND #2
根据“PCC”原则[25]确定纳入标准,即人群(population)、概念(concept)、背景(context)。纳入标准:具有明确病理学诊断的中青年(18~59岁)[26]癌症病人,癌症类型不限,且至少养育1名子女,承担父母或主要育儿责任;以新媒体技术为核心的健康教育干预研究(如移动应用、社交媒体平台、在线课程、虚拟现实技术、电话短信/视频推送等);干预情境不限,线上线下均可。排除标准:非中英文发表的原始研究;无法获取全文、数据不完整或模糊;重复发表;评论、综述及会议论文。
采用EndNote文献管理软件筛选文献。2名研究人员对所纳入的文献进行数据提取并汇总,提取内容包括作者、发布年份、国家、研究对象特征、干预形式、干预频率及时间、结局指标等。所有流程均由双人独立操作并交叉核验,如有分歧,与第3名研究者共同讨论解决。
共检索到4 133篇文献,其中Web of Science 334篇,PubMed 493篇,MedLine 999篇,Elsevier 1 112篇,Cochrane Library 1 037篇,中国知网23篇,万方104篇,维普22篇,中国生物医学文献数据库9篇,追溯参考文献1篇。经初步筛选及全文阅读后复筛,最终纳入文献9篇[27-35],其中中文文献1篇,英文文献8篇。纳入文献的基本特征见表1,基于新媒体健康教育的干预对象涉及癌症病人、病人及其配偶、医护人员;干预内容主要包括心理支持、健康教育、沟通与育儿技能培养、行为与生活方式干预、个性化干预与资源提供、家庭日常与临终准备、照顾者支持等;结局指标主要涉及焦虑抑郁、育儿压力、育儿效能、沟通技能、家庭及行为功能、应对方式、生活质量等。
视频课程是当前癌症病人育儿忧虑的主要干预形式,常通过Zoom等视频会议平台或预设的视听资源进行结构化、课程化的技能培训。这类干预旨在通过专业人员的讲解,直接提升病人的沟通与育儿技能。Milbury等[30,33]通过为期4周、每周1次的视频课程,为病人及其配偶提供关于疾病沟通、家庭常规维护及临终准备的培训,结果显示,参与者在观看视频课程后,其焦虑状况、育儿担忧及育儿效能均得到不同程度的改善。Stafford等[28]采用以在线视频为主的视听资源(AVR),通过叙事化、场景化的视频设计,帮助癌症父母掌握与儿童沟通的核心技能。Nakamura等[35]研发的FACT项目借助个性化、网络自助式干预,通过算法为病人提供定制化的沟通语言建议。作为一种新兴的健康教育形式,视频教育兼具形象性与科学性特征,能够帮助病人更深入地理解疾病相关知识。视频健康教育在各类慢性病病人群体中应用广泛,研究证实,糖尿病病人及其家属观看学习健康教育视频可有效改变其健康行为,提升自我管理能力,并减轻疾病不确定感[36]。此类新媒体健康教育模式不仅使护患间的线上交流更为便捷高效,在一定程度上缓解了医疗资源短缺问题,同时也成为医患交流学习的重要平台。
社交媒体作为近年来快速兴起的新型在线媒体,为用户提供了广阔的参与空间,其具备传播迅速、覆盖广泛、影响深远等特点,目前已在医疗护理领域得到广泛应用[37]。社交平台能够为癌症病人提供重要的社会支持,尤其对于青年癌症病人而言,社会支持需求未得到满足是许多人面临的问题[38]。研究表明,社交媒体提供的社会支持能够调节家长的育儿压力,当社会支持水平较低时,会对育儿行为产生更为显著的负面影响[39]。杨金霞等[40]利用微信平台,以文字、图片、视频等形式推送乳腺癌相关知识,结果显示,观察组干预后疾病知识掌握情况各项评分以及生活质量评分均高于对照组,抑郁、焦虑发生率均低于对照组。说明新媒体联合健康教育为乳腺癌术后病人提供的健康教育指导效果良好。然而,在针对癌症病人育儿忧虑的干预中,社交平台的应用仍处于起步阶段。
基于社交平台与视频课程的干预模式在缓解育儿忧虑上各有侧重,呈现出互补的应用价值。社交平台依托其日常普及性、可及性与互动性,能够通过持续的信息推送为病人提供情感慰藉与信息支持;而视频课程则更具系统性,通过专业设计的课程模块,能更有效地传递复杂的沟通技能与育儿知识。前者侧重于缓解普遍性的焦虑与信息不足;后者直接针对提升育儿相关的核心能力。因此,未来的干预开发应致力于构建一种融合模式,比如将视频课程的系统性与社交平台的持续支持性相结合,实现从信息传递到能力构建的深化。
通过新媒体健康教育干预,病人养育忧虑有效缓解。5篇文献[27-28,30-32]中癌症病人(及配偶)的焦虑状况有所改善,文献[33-35]中焦虑状况未见明显改善。3篇文献[27-28,31]指出病人抑郁状况得到缓解。5篇文献[28,30-33]报告了病人的育儿相关指标,其中1篇文献[28]提到育儿压力得分降低,表明育儿压力有所缓解;2篇文献[31,33]显示育儿担忧问题得到改善;2篇文献[31-32]指出对育儿技能的提升有帮助,以上5篇文献均显示干预能使育儿效能得到提高。1篇文献[27]报告观察组疾病不确定感量表中各维度评分均低于对照组,疾病不确定感显著改善,观察组医学应对方式问卷中面对评分高于对照组,回避、屈服评分低于对照组,病人更易采取积极应对方式,观察组创伤后成长量表中各维度评分均高于对照组,创伤后成长水平提高。1篇文献[28]提出干预后家庭功能和生活质量方面均略有改善,干预对生活质量的影响呈部分改善、部分稳定的特点,在身体和功能健康维度有显著提升,但社会和情感功能未明显改善。1篇文献[34]结局指标未见明显改善。3篇文献[28,31-32]提到儿童行为功能方面得到改善。3篇文献[28-29,35]报告了病人沟通能力相关,在沟通技能和沟通信心方面有所改善,病人会更频繁地询问孩子疾病相关信息、讨论孩子可能的反应等。1篇文献[34]结局指标未见明显改善。
当前大部分研究还是以病人干预为主,取得了较好的效果,绝大部分病人都认为干预措施有效,接受度良好,并希望增加新的模块内容。涉及的癌症类型主要包括卵巢癌、乳腺癌、血液系统癌症、皮肤癌、结直肠癌、头颈癌、胃肠道及妇科癌症等。梁未丹等[27]通过视频图片等向病人讲解Snyder希望理论,帮助病人管理癌症相关情绪,使病人意识到“希望”对疾病康复有帮助,提升康复信心;对病人进行心理疏导,引导他们敞开心扉,释放内心情绪,分析出现不良情绪的原因并针对性进行干预。干预3个月后,病人的焦虑抑郁状况、疾病不确定感、疾病应对方式及创伤后成长评分即有显著提高。一项可行性研究显示,采用视听资源进行线上干预后,病人家庭功能和生活质量方面均略有改善,干预对生活质量的影响呈部分改善、部分稳定的特点,在身体和功能健康维度有显著提升,但社会和情感功能未明显改善[28]。Lewis等[31]对病人进行周期10周、2周1次、平均每次30 min的课程干预协助病人缓解自身情绪,避免情绪对孩子造成负面影响,增强病人的心理支持能力;在课程中加入了沟通与育儿技能相关内容,让病人学会倾听,多关注孩子的想法和感受,向孩子积极解释而不是消极地评价他们的行为,引导孩子表达感受,掌握与孩子沟通癌症相关话题的技巧;干预后发现病人的焦虑抑郁情绪、育儿担忧、育儿技能、育儿效能以及儿童行为功能均得到了改善。还有研究通过视听资源或基于网络的FACT项目,不仅为病人提供癌症和治疗相关的知识,也同样强调沟通的重要性[28,34-35]。在可接受性方面,这3项研究绝大多数病人都认为主题内容易懂且有帮助;在沟通方面,病人更频繁地讨论癌症诊断、治疗及子女情绪支持相关内容,沟通担忧减少。
对癌症病人配偶进行干预在缓解病人的育儿忧虑方面具有积极意义,但现有的研究较少聚焦病人配偶或共同照护者这一群体。病人癌症类型主要包括结直肠癌、乳腺癌等,均通过Zoom视频会议进行干预,干预内容包括心理教育、沟通技巧培养、家庭日常与临终准备、照顾者支持。Milbury等[30]由咨询师向病人及配偶提供关于孩子对死亡认知发展的教育,包括不同年龄阶段孩子对死亡的理解、告知孩子病人临终信息的时机以及孩子可能出现的反应,同时帮助配偶维持身心健康以更好地承担育儿责任,减轻照顾者的心理压力;在进行周期为4周、每周1次、每次45 min的干预后,发现病人及配偶的焦虑状况、育儿效能得到改善。Ann-Yi等[33]开展的研究中,通过实施心理教育策略向病人进行疾病相关心理教育、确定家庭生活受干扰的方面并寻找解决方案、开展与孩子建立联系的活动;向配偶传授关于未成年子女面对病人死亡及葬礼等相关事宜的应对方法;根据未成年子女的不同年龄阶段特点,协助配偶识别子女的悲伤情绪及相应行为表现,更有针对性地开展帮扶工作,结果显示育儿担忧问题得到了缓解。
让医护人员了解疾病给家庭带来的冲击,比如家庭日常、经济、情感等方面可能出现的变化,以便更好地为病人及其家庭提供支持。咨询师通过互动式网络对医护人员进行培训,医护人员通常为心理学家、医生和护士,教导他们如何与患病父母及其子女进行有效沟通,如倾听技巧、表达同理心的方法以及如何引导家庭内部进行积极的沟通等。培训内容包括癌症对家庭的影响、儿童对疾病的反应、沟通技巧训练,聚焦癌症对家庭层面的影响和家庭成员之间的沟通,帮助他们掌握不同年龄段儿童的心理特点,理解儿童可能出现的行为和情绪反应,从而更有针对性地给予帮助和引导。Johannsen等[29]研究显示,对肿瘤科医护人员实施1次时长为3 h的培训后,在沟通技能自我效能方面,干预组表现优于对照组;在特定沟通技能及相关态度的自我效能方面,干预组的信心更为充足;在沟通行为层面,干预组相较于对照组更频繁地询问与儿童相关的信息。
实施干预人员的专业背景与资质对健康教育干预效果具有一定影响。现有研究中,干预人员涵盖多类专业群体,如梁未丹等[27]研究由医疗小组主导基于希望理论的居家干预,Stafford等[28]研究中通过心理学家提供一对一电话随访支持,Milbury等[30,33]由专业咨询师针对病人及其配偶开展视频课程干预,Lewis等[31-32]研究由接受专项培训的护士、教育者对病人进行电话课程干预,Park等[34]研究由多学科团队提供心理教育干预。总体而言,具备医学、心理学或教育学背景的专业人员更易精准把握干预内容的科学性与针对性,尤其在心理支持、沟通技能培养等方面表现更优。例如心理学家主导的干预在缓解病人焦虑抑郁情绪、改善家庭功能方面效果显著;而多学科团队因整合了医疗、护理、心理等多领域知识,在提供个性化干预如疾病管理与育儿技能结合时更具优势。此外,针对医护人员的干预中,由具备心理学或健康科学背景的培训师开展的沟通技巧训练,更易提升医护人员处理儿童及家庭相关主题的能力[29]。
干预周期与时长的差异可能影响健康教育干预的短期效果与持续性。现有研究的干预周期从单次到12周,干预时长单次从21 min至3 h,总时长则因频次不同存在差异。Johannsen等[29]每次3 h的干预和Park等[34]每次未限定时长的干预可在短期内提升参与者的知识水平与沟通技能自我效能,但效果的持续性可能受限。Stafford等[28,30,33]进行4周干预,在改善焦虑状况、育儿效能及家庭功能方面效果更稳定,可能的原因是频次适中,病人依从性较高。Nakamura等[35]开展6周干预,干预组沟通自我效能感显著提高,表明沟通技巧和信心相对容易在短期内通过知识和指导提升。Lewis等[31-32]两项研究为10周、5次的干预,而梁未丹等[27]研究为12周、12次的长期干预,更利于行为习惯的养成与心理状态的长效改善。总体来看,短时多次干预模式在平衡效果与依从性方面更具优势,而单次长时干预则适用于大量理论知识内容的传播。
现有研究对新媒体健康教育干预效果的评价指标较为多元,主要围绕心理状态、育儿能力、家庭功能及沟通能力等维度展开,量表主要包括医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)、育儿担忧问卷(PCQ)、癌症育儿自我效能量表(CaPSE)、家庭沟通自我效能量表(SE-fam)、沟通自我效能量表(CSES)、儿童行为量表(CBCL)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、健康问卷抑郁症状群量表(PHQ-9)、中文版疾病不确定感量表(MUIS)、中文版医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)、创伤后成长量表(PTGI)。现有指标的选取已覆盖干预的核心目标,但仍存在一定局限性,部分指标如家庭功能的评估依赖自我报告方式,可能产生主观偏差;针对不同癌症类型、家庭结构的特异性指标尚显不足。未来需进一步优化指标体系,以增强评估的客观性与针对性。
当病人确诊癌症后,尤其是主要照顾者为配偶时,夫妻双方对彼此的生活质量、心理健康和对各自角色的适应都相互影响,这会给他们带来很大的心理压力[41]。一项横断面研究结果显示,配偶的育儿担忧和焦虑水平明显高于病人,甚至配偶的育儿担忧与痛苦之间的关系比病人更强[42]。目前针对癌症病人心理社会支持项目的研究有限,虽然有一些干预研究致力于改善病人或家庭的心理社会适应情况,但研究领域普遍未关注承担双重照护角色,即同时照顾病人与子女的共同养育者的支持需求[30]。本研究纳入的相关文献[30,33]重视配偶的作用,让他们也参与其中。共同养育者作为连接病人与子女的桥梁,他们的压力可能会传递至家庭内部,比如出现的情绪问题可能降低对病人的支持质量,或导致子女出现焦虑、行为问题。新媒体健康教育可以通过灵活的形式,如碎片化学习、在线支持等为共同养育者提供专属的心理疏导和育儿技能相关培训,降低其焦虑水平,减少情绪向子女的传递。
新媒体技术的快速发展和广泛普及为癌症病人及其家庭的健康教育提供了新路径。相较于传统干预模式,基于新媒体的健康教育在改善中青年癌症病人育儿忧虑方面展现出独特的潜在优势,具有节约人力、物力及时间成本的特点。社交媒体可以在癌症同龄人之间提供个性化、可访问的社交支持,多数病人可以使用针对癌症的社交媒体讨论相关的生活经历以获取医疗信息,如管理副作用和治疗的不确定性以及育儿问题[38]。后续研究可依托网络社交媒体的技术优势,比如以动画形式演示如何在化疗期间保持体力照顾孩子,让病人更易理解和接受。此外,新媒体强大的交互功能可以将病人、家属与医护人员联系在一起,病人在线上可以分享育儿经验与抗癌心得,相互鼓励支持;专家也可以参与线上答疑,提供专业建议,这种双向互动模式增强了健康教育的有效性。
新媒体健康教育的干预效果受多种因素综合影响,主要包括干预对象、干预人员、干预周期与时长以及评价指标与量表的选择。现有干预虽已覆盖多种癌症类型,但未细分癌症分期及治疗阶段对育儿忧虑的差异化影响。例如晚期癌症病人因预后不确定性高,其育儿忧虑水平会更高,常伴随生存焦虑与临终关怀需求[5,43],而当前干预缺乏针对此类场景的专项设计。在干预人员方面,仅有1篇研究[29]涉及医护人员的沟通技能培训,而医护人员作为病人首要的信息来源,其相关能力不足可能不利于干预措施的推广与传播。此外,心理学家主导的干预在改善焦虑、抑郁等情绪问题方面效果显著,多学科团队则更擅长整合疾病管理与育儿技能,但在资源匮乏地区,专业人才的短缺可能导致干预内容的科学性受损。干预周期与时长方面,当干预频次适中且单次时长合理时,病人依从性较高;而长期干预虽有利于促进行为转化,但可能增加病人的退出风险。在结局评价方面,现有研究多依赖自评量表,易受主观因素干扰,且在家庭功能、亲子互动等关键维度缺乏客观行为指标。同时,针对不同癌症类型或家庭结构的育儿忧虑评估工具尚未检索到,这导致干预效果难以实现精准量化。
新媒体平台的类型及其特性也是影响干预效果的重要因素,目前应用于该领域的新媒体平台主要包括视频会议平台、在线视听资源平台等[28,30,33]。以视频课程资源为核心的平台核心优势在于兼具形象性与科学性,通过视听融合的呈现方式可将复杂的疾病相关知识及育儿技能直观化、具象化,有助于病人更深入地理解并吸收相关内容[44]。此类平台突破了传统健康教育在时间与空间上的局限,病人能够依据自身情况灵活安排学习时段,提升了参与的便利性与主动性。例如,通过Zoom视频会议平台对中青年癌症病人及其配偶实施干预后,参与者的焦虑状态、育儿忧虑及育儿效能均得到显著改善[30,33]。此外,叙事化与场景化的视频设计,可帮助病人更有效地掌握与儿童沟通的核心技能,进一步增强了健康教育的实际应用成效。
尽管现有研究已证实新媒体健康教育对缓解癌症病人育儿忧虑的有效性,但干预措施的针对性不足与形式单一化问题仍较为突出。现有的大部分研究未充分考虑病人疾病因素对育儿忧虑的差异化影响,癌症类型、治疗阶段、疾病分期、出现转移或复发等因素可能会影响其育儿忧虑水平。相较于其他类型肿瘤,乳腺癌病人的育儿问题会更为突出[45]。疾病分期越接近晚期,育儿忧虑水平越高,晚期癌症病人面临更多疾病进展风险与死亡威胁,更易产生恐惧、无助等负性情绪,降低其养育效能感,加剧养育忧虑[46]。另外,临床分期越高的病人,并发症发生风险越高,身体功能会逐步衰退,当病人意识到自身体能与精力难以支撑日常育儿需求,陪伴子女的时间减少,且无法充分履行父母职责时,其养育忧虑水平会随之升高;肿瘤转移或复发的癌症病人担心疾病进展,其育儿忧虑水平也会升高[47]。医护人员需要根据病人疾病情况给予针对性和个体化的健康教育。
同一年龄段癌症发病率总体呈上升趋势,癌症病人越来越年轻化[48],年轻病人可能更倾向通过短视频、社交平台获取信息,而中年病人偏好图文资讯或专家健康指导,但当前干预未针对性设计媒介渠道。家庭结构的特殊性也需要关注,单亲家庭、多子女家庭等特殊群体面临独特挑战,单亲家长同时承担经济支柱与育儿双重压力,可以侧重心理社会干预,多子女家庭还要考虑到子女的情感忽视问题。目前新媒体干预缺乏沉浸式体验,如视频课程中对于“如何向儿童解释死亡概念”等复杂问题难以模拟真实沟通场景,人工智能虚拟对话训练的应用率也不足、艺术疗法与新媒体的结合尚处空白、虚拟现实等技术的干预开发不足,医护人员需要关注特殊的癌症病人群体,在对其需求进行评估的基础上,创新干预方法,开展个性化以及针对性干预,最大程度上改善病人的育儿忧虑。
新媒体健康教育干预能够改善中青年癌症病人的情绪状况,缓解育儿压力,提高育儿效能和育儿技能,增强沟通信心。但新媒体健康教育干预也存在一定的局限性。第一,干预措施的针对性不足以及形式单一化,当前新媒体健康教育干预未充分考虑病人癌症类型、癌症分期、治疗阶段对育儿忧虑的差异化影响;另外,基于新媒体的育儿干预措施主要以在线课程、视频会议为主,干预种类和形式单一。第二,目前大部分研究未考虑家庭结构,单亲家庭、多子女家庭等特殊群体面临独特挑战,单亲家长同时承担经济支柱与育儿双重压力,多子女家庭还要考虑到子女的情感忽视问题。第三,新媒体干预缺乏沉浸式体验,如视频课程中对于“如何向儿童解释死亡概念”等复杂问题难以模拟真实沟通场景,虚拟现实等技术的干预开发不足。
未来研究可以通过大样本调查,绘制不同癌症类型、分期、治疗阶段育儿忧虑图谱,对于早期癌症病人,可以通过改善疾病认知进而降低育儿忧虑,晚期癌症病人则侧重心理压力及情绪方面的缓解;加大对特殊家庭的社会支持,构建面向多元家庭结构的支持方案;结合虚拟现实与人工智能技术,创新干预方法,突破当前以在线课程和视频会议为主的单一形式,开展个性化干预,最大限度改善病人的育儿忧虑。

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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.022
  • 接收时间:2025-08-14
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-14
  • 修回日期:2026-07-27
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    1上海中医药大学研究生院,上海 201203
    2上海健康医学院护理与健康管理学院
    3启东市中医院
    4复旦大学附属肿瘤医院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
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属数
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genus
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species
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Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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