Article(id=1322925108620308783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.020, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1774454400000, receivedDateStr=2026-03-26, revisedDate=1785686400000, revisedDateStr=2026-08-03, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793339524655, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1787587200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793339524655, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793339524655, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793339524655, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322924976893993108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='16', pageStart='2769', pageEnd='2960', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787587200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793339493249, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343103544, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322940119640047672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322924976893993108, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2904, endPage=2909, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322925109467558192, articleId=1322925108620308783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Correlation of serum IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in full-term neonates, columnId=1220689488284668633, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Comprehensive Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the application value of serum interleukin-23(IL-23),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and microRNA-146b-5p(miR-146b-5p) in nursing evaluation of full-term neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE),and to analyze their guiding significance for prognostic nursing management.

Methods

A total of 95 full-term neonates diagnosed with HIE admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2024 were enrolled as the HIE group.According to the Diagnostic Criteria and Clinical Grading for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy,they were subdivided into mild subgroup(29 cases),moderate subgroup(44 cases) and severe subgroup(22 cases).Meanwhile,95 healthy full-term neonates were recruited as the control group.Venous blood samples of all subjects were collected within 1 day after admission to detect serum levels of IL-23 and TNF-α.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the relative expression of miR-146b-5p.All neonates in the HIE group received standardized nursing interventions,including therapeutic hypothermia care,vital sign monitoring, neurological function protection nursing and so on.After 1 year of follow-up,there was one case of loss to follow-up.The patients were divided into favorable prognosis subgroup(70 cases) and poor prognosis subgroup(24 cases).The correlations of the three indicators with disease severity,nursing evaluation and long-term prognosis were analyzed.

Results

Serum IL-23 and TNF-α levels were significantly higher,while the relative expression of miR-146b-5p was markedly lower in the HIE group compared with the control group(P<0.05).The levels of IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p were significantly correlated with the severity of HIE(P<0.05).Neonates with poor prognosis exhibited elevated IL-23 and TNF-α levels as well as reduced miR-146b-5p expression relative to those with favorable prognosis(P<0.05).After adjusting for confounding factors,IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p remained independently correlated with neonatal prognosis(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve(AUC) of combined detection of IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p for predicting neonatal prognosis reached 0.945,which possessed significantly superior predictive efficiency compared with single indicator detection(P<0.05).

Conclusions

Serum IL-23,TNF-α,and miR-146b-5p could be used as objective quantitative indicators for the assessment and stratification of the condition of full-term neonates with HIE.The combined detection of these three could improve the accuracy of predicting the prognosis risk,in order to provide scientific support for optimizing nursing plans,to allocate nursing resources,and to improve the long-term outcome of the children.

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目的

探讨血清白细胞介素-23(IL-23)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、微小RNA-146b-5p(miR-146b-5p)在足月新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)护理评估中的应用价值,分析其对预后护理管理的指导意义。

方法

选取2020年1月—2024年12月我院收治的足月HIE患儿95例作为新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组,依据《新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病诊断标准与临床分度》分为轻度29例、中度44例、重度22例。同期选取足月健康新生儿95例作为对照组。所有受试者入组1 d内采集静脉血,检测血清IL-23、TNF-α水平,qRT-PCR法检测miR-146b-5p水平。新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组患儿接受规范护理干预(亚低温护理、生命体征监测护理、神经功能保护护理等),随访1年,失访1例,按预后分为良好组(70例)与不良组(24例),分析指标与病情程度、护理评估及预后的关联。

结果

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组血清IL-23、TNF-α水平明显高于对照组,miR-146b-5p水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。患儿IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与病情程度明显相关(P<0.05)。患儿预后不良组IL-23、TNF-α水平高于预后良好组,miR-146b-5p水平低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。控制混杂因素后,IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与预后密切相关(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线显示,IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p三者联合预测预后的ROC曲线下面积为0.945,预测效能明显优于单一指标检测(P<0.05)。

结论

血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p可作为足月新生儿HIE病情评估、护理分层的客观量化指标,三者联合检测可提升预后风险预测精准度,为优化护理方案、调配护理资源、改善患儿远期结局提供科学支撑。

, authors=赵治医, 董菲*, *, authorsList=赵治医, 董菲, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=董菲, authorNote=

赵治医,主管护师,本科

, correspAuthorsNote=
董菲,E-mail:
DONG Fei, E-mail:
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journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=11, issue=1, pageStart=399, pageEnd=406, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=Yang L, Li D C, Chen S Y, journalName=Open Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang L,Li D C,Chen S Y.Hydrogen water reduces NSE,IL-6,and TNF-α levels in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy[J].Open Medicine,2016,11(1):399-406., articleTitle=Hydrogen water reduces NSE,IL-6,and TNF-α levels in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925117533204840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=289, issue=null, pageStart=73, pageEnd=84, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=Desjarlais M, Dussault S, Rivard F, journalName=Atherosclerosis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Desjarlais M,Dussault S,Rivard F,et al.Forced expression of microRNA-146b reduces TRAF6-dependent inflammation and improves ischemia-induced neovascularization in hypercholesterolemic conditions[J].Atherosclerosis,2019,289:73-84., articleTitle=Forced expression of microRNA-146b reduces TRAF6-dependent inflammation and improves ischemia-induced neovascularization in hypercholesterolemic conditions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322925117604508009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=22, issue=S2, pageStart=213, pageEnd=216, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=彭晓菊, 陈建香, 高小章, journalName=中国全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=彭晓菊,陈建香,高小章,等.预见性护理干预对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病疗效的影响研究[J].中国全科医学,2019,22(S2):213-216., articleTitle=预见性护理干预对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病疗效的影响研究, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322925111778619702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925111787008311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, companyId=1322925111778619702, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hengshui People's Hospital, Hebei 053000 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322925111791202616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, companyId=1322925111778619702, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1衡水市人民医院,河北 053000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322925113078853965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=ROC curve for predicting the prognosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy based on serum indicators, figureFileSmall=Js0DX+K7yyutjWXkHF7qKA==, figureFileBig=1b8dLNEH69+0j07C3FKgUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322925113154351438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=CN, label=图1, caption=血清指标预测新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病预后的ROC曲线, figureFileSmall=Js0DX+K7yyutjWXkHF7qKA==, figureFileBig=1b8dLNEH69+0j07C3FKgUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322925113372455247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Comparison of general information between two groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数性别(例)出生孕周(周)出生体重(kg)
男女
新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组95534239.28±0.532.99±0.24
对照组95504539.35±0.612.90±0.26
统计值χ2=0.190t=-0.128t=1.218
P0.6630.8190.225
), ArticleFig(id=1322925113460535632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组一般资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数性别(例)出生孕周(周)出生体重(kg)
男女
新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组95534239.28±0.532.99±0.24
对照组95504539.35±0.612.90±0.26
统计值χ2=0.190t=-0.128t=1.218
P0.6630.8190.225
), ArticleFig(id=1322925113527644497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of serum IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p between two groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数IL-23(ng/L)TNF-α(pg/mL)miR-146b-5p(相对表达量)
新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组9567.37±13.2314.56±2.120.73±0.16
对照组9532.56±9.744.59±0.791.26±0.25
t值16.8728.92-16.89
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322925113598947666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p水平比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数IL-23(ng/L)TNF-α(pg/mL)miR-146b-5p(相对表达量)
新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组9567.37±13.2314.56±2.120.73±0.16
对照组9532.56±9.744.59±0.791.26±0.25
t值16.8728.92-16.89
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322925113674445139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comparison of serum IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p in children with different disease severity levels

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数IL-23(ng/L)TNF-α(pg/mL)miR-146b-5p(相对表达量)
轻度患儿2954.29±8.0612.44±1.440.84±0.16
中度患儿4466.32±7.97①14.41±1.08①0.72±0.07①
重度患儿2283.39±10.58①②16.69±1.72①②0.53±0.08①②
F值70.6461.0248.30
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
① 与轻度患儿组比较,P<0.05; ② 与中度患儿组比较,P<0.05。
), ArticleFig(id=1322925113775108436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同病情程度患儿血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p水平比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数IL-23(ng/L)TNF-α(pg/mL)miR-146b-5p(相对表达量)
轻度患儿2954.29±8.0612.44±1.440.84±0.16
中度患儿4466.32±7.97①14.41±1.08①0.72±0.07①
重度患儿2283.39±10.58①②16.69±1.72①②0.53±0.08①②
F值70.6461.0248.30
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
① 与轻度患儿组比较,P<0.05; ② 与中度患儿组比较,P<0.05。
), ArticleFig(id=1322925113854800213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Correlation between serum IL-23,TNF-α, miR-146b-5p and disease severity in children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标r值P
IL-230.492<0.001
TNF-α0.460<0.001
miR-146b-5p-0.420<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322925113934491990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

缺氧缺血性脑病患儿血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与病情程度的相关性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标r值P
IL-230.492<0.001
TNF-α0.460<0.001
miR-146b-5p-0.420<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322925115566076247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Comparison of baseline data and serum indicators between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目分类预后不良组(n=24)预后良好组(n=70)统计值P
性别(例)男1339χ2=0.010.913
女1131
病情程度(例)轻度425U=27.50<0.001
中度538
重度157
出生孕周(周)39.04±0.4839.37±0.52t=-2.81<0.01
出生体重(kg)3.04±0.262.97±0.23t=0.630.53
1 min Apgar评分(分)5.17±0.585.73±0.89t=-3.54<0.001
5 min Apgar评分(分)5.25±0.766.13±0.83t=-4.87<0.001
NBNA评分(分)28.45±1.8032.68±2.80t=-7.52<0.001
IL-23(ng/L)77.41±13.9462.96±11.51t=3.85<0.001
TNF-α(pg/mL)15.36±2.4913.99±1.78t=2.15<0.05
miR-146b-5p(相对表达量)0.70±0.140.83±0.17t=-2.98<0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1322925115813540184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

预后良好组与预后不良组基线资料及血清指标比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目分类预后不良组(n=24)预后良好组(n=70)统计值P
性别(例)男1339χ2=0.010.913
女1131
病情程度(例)轻度425U=27.50<0.001
中度538
重度157
出生孕周(周)39.04±0.4839.37±0.52t=-2.81<0.01
出生体重(kg)3.04±0.262.97±0.23t=0.630.53
1 min Apgar评分(分)5.17±0.585.73±0.89t=-3.54<0.001
5 min Apgar评分(分)5.25±0.766.13±0.83t=-4.87<0.001
NBNA评分(分)28.45±1.8032.68±2.80t=-7.52<0.001
IL-23(ng/L)77.41±13.9462.96±11.51t=3.85<0.001
TNF-α(pg/mL)15.36±2.4913.99±1.78t=2.15<0.05
miR-146b-5p(相对表达量)0.70±0.140.83±0.17t=-2.98<0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1322925116191027545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Correlation between serum IL-23,TNF-α, miR-146b-5p and the prognosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量偏相关系数95%CIP
IL-230.85[0.78,0.90]<0.001
TNF-α0.72[0.61,0.80]<0.001
miR-146b-5p-0.68[-0.77,-0.56]<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322925116287496538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322925108620308783, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病预后的相关性

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量偏相关系数95%CIP
IL-230.85[0.78,0.90]<0.001
TNF-α0.72[0.61,0.80]<0.001
miR-146b-5p-0.68[-0.77,-0.56]<0.001
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足月新生儿血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与缺氧缺血性脑病的相关性
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赵治医 , 董菲 *, *
护理研究 | 综合研究 2026,40(16): 2904-2909
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护理研究 |综合研究 2026 , 40 (16) : 2904 -2909
足月新生儿血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与缺氧缺血性脑病的相关性
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赵治医, 董菲*, *
作者信息
  • 1衡水市人民医院,河北 053000
通讯作者:
董菲,E-mail:
DONG Fei, E-mail:
作者简介:

赵治医,主管护师,本科

Correlation of serum IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in full-term neonates
Zhiyi ZHAO, Fei DONG
Affiliations
  • 1Hengshui People's Hospital, Hebei 053000 China
出版时间: 2026-08-25 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.020
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目的

探讨血清白细胞介素-23(IL-23)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、微小RNA-146b-5p(miR-146b-5p)在足月新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)护理评估中的应用价值,分析其对预后护理管理的指导意义。

方法

选取2020年1月—2024年12月我院收治的足月HIE患儿95例作为新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组,依据《新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病诊断标准与临床分度》分为轻度29例、中度44例、重度22例。同期选取足月健康新生儿95例作为对照组。所有受试者入组1 d内采集静脉血,检测血清IL-23、TNF-α水平,qRT-PCR法检测miR-146b-5p水平。新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组患儿接受规范护理干预(亚低温护理、生命体征监测护理、神经功能保护护理等),随访1年,失访1例,按预后分为良好组(70例)与不良组(24例),分析指标与病情程度、护理评估及预后的关联。

结果

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组血清IL-23、TNF-α水平明显高于对照组,miR-146b-5p水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。患儿IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与病情程度明显相关(P<0.05)。患儿预后不良组IL-23、TNF-α水平高于预后良好组,miR-146b-5p水平低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。控制混杂因素后,IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与预后密切相关(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线显示,IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p三者联合预测预后的ROC曲线下面积为0.945,预测效能明显优于单一指标检测(P<0.05)。

结论

血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p可作为足月新生儿HIE病情评估、护理分层的客观量化指标,三者联合检测可提升预后风险预测精准度,为优化护理方案、调配护理资源、改善患儿远期结局提供科学支撑。

缺氧缺血性脑病  /  新生儿  /  评估  /  预后  /  护理管理
Objective

To investigate the application value of serum interleukin-23(IL-23),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and microRNA-146b-5p(miR-146b-5p) in nursing evaluation of full-term neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE),and to analyze their guiding significance for prognostic nursing management.

Methods

A total of 95 full-term neonates diagnosed with HIE admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2024 were enrolled as the HIE group.According to the Diagnostic Criteria and Clinical Grading for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy,they were subdivided into mild subgroup(29 cases),moderate subgroup(44 cases) and severe subgroup(22 cases).Meanwhile,95 healthy full-term neonates were recruited as the control group.Venous blood samples of all subjects were collected within 1 day after admission to detect serum levels of IL-23 and TNF-α.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the relative expression of miR-146b-5p.All neonates in the HIE group received standardized nursing interventions,including therapeutic hypothermia care,vital sign monitoring, neurological function protection nursing and so on.After 1 year of follow-up,there was one case of loss to follow-up.The patients were divided into favorable prognosis subgroup(70 cases) and poor prognosis subgroup(24 cases).The correlations of the three indicators with disease severity,nursing evaluation and long-term prognosis were analyzed.

Results

Serum IL-23 and TNF-α levels were significantly higher,while the relative expression of miR-146b-5p was markedly lower in the HIE group compared with the control group(P<0.05).The levels of IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p were significantly correlated with the severity of HIE(P<0.05).Neonates with poor prognosis exhibited elevated IL-23 and TNF-α levels as well as reduced miR-146b-5p expression relative to those with favorable prognosis(P<0.05).After adjusting for confounding factors,IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p remained independently correlated with neonatal prognosis(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve(AUC) of combined detection of IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p for predicting neonatal prognosis reached 0.945,which possessed significantly superior predictive efficiency compared with single indicator detection(P<0.05).

Conclusions

Serum IL-23,TNF-α,and miR-146b-5p could be used as objective quantitative indicators for the assessment and stratification of the condition of full-term neonates with HIE.The combined detection of these three could improve the accuracy of predicting the prognosis risk,in order to provide scientific support for optimizing nursing plans,to allocate nursing resources,and to improve the long-term outcome of the children.

hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy  /  neonates  /  evaluation  /  prognosis  /  nursing management
赵治医, 董菲. 足月新生儿血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与缺氧缺血性脑病的相关性. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2904 -2909 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.020
Zhiyi ZHAO, Fei DONG. Correlation of serum IL-23,TNF-α and miR-146b-5p with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in full-term neonates[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (16) : 2904 -2909 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.020
围生期窒息诱发的足月新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)因其病情进展隐匿、神经损伤不可逆性,不仅导致15%~20%的新生儿死亡,更有25%存活患儿遗留脑瘫、认知障碍等后遗症,直接增加了临床病情评估难度与精准护理实施压力[1]。临床护理中缺氧缺血性脑病患儿的病情评估多依赖主观症状(如意识状态、惊厥)及影像学检查,缺乏便捷、动态的客观指标;同时,预后风险分层不足导致护理干预同质化,难以实现精准护理[2-3]。因此,挖掘可用于护理评估、指导预后护理管理的生物学指标,是提升缺氧缺血性脑病患儿护理质量的关键。现有研究证实,炎症反应是新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病病理进程的核心。在与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病相关的炎症指标中,白细胞介素-23(IL-23)作为Th-17细胞发育分化的关键免疫炎症因子,已被证实参与多种炎症性疾病及免疫性疾病的病理过程[4]。但其在缺氧缺血性脑病患儿中的表达特征及临床意义尚未明确;肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)属于经典神经损伤标志物,在神经元受损时呈明显高表达,且与脑部病变的严重程度存在关联[5]。微小RNA-146b-5p(miR-146b-5p)作为与中枢神经系统疾病密切相关的非编码RNA分子,已被报道具有调节缺氧缺血性脑损伤的潜在作用[6]。然而,目前关于IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p三者在护理实践中的应用价值尚未明确。本研究旨在探讨上述指标与缺氧缺血性脑病患儿病情程度的关联,验证其在护理评估中的有效性,为制定个体化护理方案、优化护理流程提供客观依据。
选取2020年1月—2024年12月我院收治的足月缺氧缺血性脑病患儿95例作为新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组,参照《新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病诊断标准与临床分度》,将新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组进一步分为轻度新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组29例、中度新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组44例、重度新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组22例。缺氧缺血性脑病新生儿纳入标准:经头颅MRI或CT检查证实存在缺氧缺血性脑损伤;符合《新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病诊断与分度标准》;出生孕周37~42周;出生体重2.6~4.0 kg。缺氧缺血性脑病组新生儿排除标准:合并先天性心脏病;存在先天性发育畸形;伴有血液系统疾病;合并新生儿高胆红素血症;合并神经系统发育畸形或遗传代谢性疾病;存在呼吸道感染或其他严重感染性疾病。另选取同期在我院出生的95例足月健康新生儿作为对照组。足月新生儿纳入标准:出生孕周37~42周;出生体重2.6~4.0 kg;出生后Apgar评分、体格检查及相关实验室指标(如血常规、肝肾功能、电解质等)显示正常。排除标准:围生期窒息史、神经系统及其他系统疾病史。本研究已获得我院医学伦理委员会审批(审批批号:2026113),所有研究对象的监护人均签署知情同意书。统计学分析显示,新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组与对照组出生孕周、出生体重、性别构成比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组具有可比性,见表1。​
新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组患儿出生6 h内启动常规对症治疗,包括维持呼吸循环稳定、合理氧疗、纠正水电解质及酸碱失衡;符合指征者给予亚低温治疗,后续根据病情开展早期康复干预、营养支持等神经修复干预。
1)亚低温治疗护理:采用全身亚低温治疗仪,设定核心体温目标值为(33.5±0.5)℃,每小时同步监测肛温与腋温1次,确保温差≤0.3 ℃,同时采用水胶体敷料保护枕部、腰骶部等受压部位,2 h协助翻身1次,避免局部皮肤温度过低导致冻伤。2)神经功能保护护理:每日进行2次抚触护理,每次15 min,刺激肢体活动及感官发育;保持病房安静,避免强光、噪声刺激,减少不良刺激诱发惊厥;实时监测患儿意识、瞳孔、肌张力变化,及时记录异常并反馈医生。3)感染预防护理:严格执行无菌操作,保持呼吸道通畅,定期吸痰;每日做好口腔、脐部、皮肤清洁,定期更换衣物及床单;动态监测血常规、C反应蛋白等感染指标,早期识别感染迹象。4)随访护理管理:对缺氧缺血性脑病患儿开展1年随访护理。门诊定期护理评估,3个月1次,采用新生儿行为神经测定评分(NBNA)评估神经功能,结合血清指标检测结果调整护理方案;通过微信、电话、上门随访进行家庭护理指导,教会家属康复训练方法(如被动肢体活动、视听刺激训练)、喂养护理技巧、异常情况识别要点;针对家属焦虑情绪,提供疾病知识科普及护理支持,提高家庭护理依从性。
两组受试者均在入组1 d内采集空腹静脉血3 mL,以3 000 r/min离心速度、离心半径12.5 cm离心10 min,取上清液后,采用酶联免疫吸附法(试剂盒购自美国BD公司)检测血清TNF-α、IL-23水平。本研究采用定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)法检测miR-146b-5p相对表达量,PCR反应体系总计10 μL,含5.0 μL miScript SYBR® GreenMix(美国BD公司)、1 μL反转录合成cDNA、上下游引物各0.5 μL(由上海生工生物工程股份有限公司设计合成)及3.0 μL无酶双蒸水;反应程序设定为95 ℃预变性90 s,随后95 ℃变性30 s、63 ℃退火30 s、72 ℃延伸15 s,循环40次,以U6为内参基因,采用2-ΔΔCt法计算相对表达量。
随访1年,结合护理评估结果判定预后:1)预后良好,NBNA评分≥30分,无癫痫、脑瘫等后遗症,生长发育指标正常;2)预后不良,NBNA评分<30分,或遗留癫痫、脑瘫,或死亡。护理结局由2名资深新生儿科护士联合评估,意见不一致时由护士长复核确定。
1)血清指标:血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p水平。2)随访1年NBNA评分。
采用EpiData 3.1建立数据库,SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。符合正态分布且方差齐性的定量资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,两两比较采用LSD-t检验,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验。定性资料用频数、百分比(%)表示,采用χ2检验、秩和检验。采用Spearman相关系数分析血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p与病情程度的关系相关性;采用偏相关性分析血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p对预后的影响;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p的表达水平对缺氧缺血性脑病患儿预后预测价值,通过DeLong检验比较ROC曲线下面积(AUC)。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
单因素方差分析显示,不同病情程度新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病组患儿血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两两比较显示,IL-23、TNF-α水平随病情加重升高,miR-146b-5p水平随病情加重降低,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),详见表3。
缺氧缺血性脑病组新生儿95例随访1年,其间失访1例,其中预后良好70例,预后不良24例。两组性别、出生体重比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);预后不良组出生1 min的Apgar评分、5 min的Apgar 评分、NBNA评分均低于预后良好组(P<0.001),IL-23、TNF-α水平高于预后良好组,miR-146b-5p水平明显低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。详见表5。
以足月缺氧缺血性脑病患儿预后情况作为因变量(预后良好=0,预后不良=1),控制出生1 min Apgar评分、5 min Apgar评分、NBNA评分、病情程度等其他因素,将IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p作为自变量进行偏相关性分析,结果显示,血清IL-23、TNF-α水平与预后不良呈正相关(均P<0.001),血清miR-146b-5p水平与预后不良呈负相关(P<0.001),详见表6。
ROC曲线分析结果显示,单独预测时,血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p的AUC分别为0.832,0.805,0.896,对应的约登指数分别为0.598,0.567,0.712,敏感度分别为83.3%、79.2%、87.5%,特异度分别为76.5%、77.5%、83.7%;三者联合预测时,AUC提升为0.945,约登指数为0.813,敏感度为91.7%,特异度为89.6%,预测效能明显优于各指数单独预测价值,见图1。
缺氧缺血性脑病患儿神经损伤程度与护理干预时机、干预强度密切相关,传统护理评估依赖主观体征,存在滞后性、主观性强的缺陷,难以实现早期风险预警与个体化护理。临床护理中缺氧缺血性脑病患儿因神经系统发育尚未成熟,病情进展隐匿且波动剧烈,传统病情评估多依赖护士对意识状态、肌张力、惊厥发作等主观症状的观察,易受护理人员临床经验、判断阈值差异等因素影响,存在误判、漏判风险[7-8]。例如轻度缺氧缺血性脑病患儿早期可能仅表现为短暂嗜睡,与新生儿生理性嗜睡难以区分,易延误针对性护理干预;而重度患儿病情突变时仅通过主观症状评估可能无法及时捕捉脑损伤进展信号。本研究结果发现,血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p水平与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病病情程度相关(均P<0.05),且这些指标通过静脉血检测即可获取,操作便捷、结果客观,更支持动态监测。护士可结合患儿出生Apgar评分、NBNA评分等基础数据,将指标检测纳入常规护理评估流程。对于出生后1周内的高危患儿,建议3 d检测1次血清指标,若IL-23、TNF-α持续升高,提示脑内炎症反应加剧,需立即加强感染预防护理(如严格无菌操作、增加呼吸道护理频次、监测炎症指标变化)及抗炎相关护理干预(如配合医生调整亚低温治疗参数、保证药物输注规范);若miR-146b-5p逐步回升,且伴随NBNA评分改善,提示病情趋于稳定,可逐步降低护理监测频率(如改为每周1次),减少不必要的护理操作刺激,实现“客观指标+主观评估”的双重精准护理,弥补传统评估模式的局限性。
本研究预后分析显示,预后不良组血清IL-23、TNF-α水平明显高于预后良好组,miR-146b-5p明显低于预后良好组(均P<0.05),提示这些指标可作为缺氧缺血性脑病患儿预后风险分层的关键依据,为个体化护理干预提供明确方向。对于高风险患儿,护理干预需聚焦“脑损伤保护+功能修复”双核心。1)强化亚低温护理细节。采用精准体温调控技术,30 min记录1次肛温、腋温差值,避免体温波动引发二次脑损伤;同时加强皮肤护理,使用温敏凝胶敷料保护枕部、腰骶部等受压部位,每日评估皮肤完整性,预防冻伤、压力性损伤等护理相关并发症[9]。2)早期康复护理介入。在患儿生命体征稳定后(通常出生后7~10 d),由专科护士指导开展个体化康复训练,每日2次被动肢体按摩(每次15 min,从肢体远端向近端推进,重点活动肩、髋等大关节),结合视听刺激(如播放柔和音乐、使用彩色视觉卡片)促进神经功能发育,每周评估运动、认知功能恢复情况,动态调整康复方案[10]。3)精细化家庭护理指导。通过“一对一实操培训+图文手册+视频随访”模式,教会家属正确的体位护理(如侧卧位交替,避免头部受压)、喂养技巧(如鼻饲患儿的体位管理、奶量递增原则)及异常情况识别要点(如惊厥发作时的应急处理、肌张力异常的表现);同时建立家属心理支持体系,定期开展线上答疑、线下健康讲座,缓解家属焦虑情绪,提高康复护理依从性,减少因家庭护理不当导致的后遗症加重风险。而对于低风险患儿,则采用标准化常规护理,重点关注基础护理质量(如体温、喂养、感染预防)及神经功能常规监测,避免过度护理带来的资源浪费,真正体现“因人而异、按需护理”的个体化护理理念[11-12]。
ROC曲线分析显示,IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p联合检测预测缺氧缺血性脑病患儿预后的AUC达0.945,敏感度为91.7%,特异度为89.6%,明显优于单一指标检测,这一结果对临床护理管理具有重要的实践启示。从护理资源优化配置来看,将联合指标纳入缺氧缺血性脑病患儿护理评估体系,可建立风险分层及护理分级的管理模式。高风险患儿纳入“重点护理管理队列”,配备资深新生儿专科护士负责,增加床边护理频次(每小时巡视1次),延长随访周期(出院后前3个月每个月1次门诊护理评估,后续3个月1次),优先调配康复护理资源;低风险患儿纳入“常规护理队列”,由普通责任护士负责,按标准护理流程执行,随访频次为出院后3个月1次,实现护理人力、物力资源的精准投放,提升整体护理服务效率。从护理质量控制来看,联合指标可作为护理干预效果的客观评价工具,若高风险患儿经强化护理后,IL-23、TNF-α逐步下降,miR-146b-5p回升,且NBNA评分持续改善,提示护理干预有效;若指标无明显变化甚至恶化,需及时联合医生调整护理方案,形成“评估-干预-再评估-再调整”的闭环护理管理,推动护理质量持续改进。此外,该联合指标体系还可用于护理路径优化,为制定标准化缺氧缺血性脑病护理流程提供依据[13-14],尤其适用于基层医院或新手护士,帮助其快速掌握病情评估要点及干预方向,降低护理实践差异带来的不良结局风险。
本研究虽为缺氧缺血性脑病患儿护理实践提供了新的思路,但仍存在局限性,需进一步完善。1)未针对血清指标的临界值制定标准化护理干预流程,例如IL-23达到何种具体数值时启动强化亚低温护理、miR-146b-5p回升至何种水平可调整康复训练强度,导致临床应用时难以形成统一规范,后续需通过大样本研究构建“指标阈值-护理干预”对应模型,制定可落地的护理路径图[15]。2)研究样本来源于单中心,不同地区医院的护理水平、设备条件、干预方案存在地域性差异,可能影响研究结果的外推性,且单中心样本的护理基线一致性较高,难以反映真实临床环境中的护理异质性,后续需开展多中心、大样本前瞻性研究,纳入不同层级医院的缺氧缺血性脑病患儿,验证该指标体系及护理方案的普适性,为形成全国性新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病护理指南提供循证依据。
血清IL-23、TNF-α、miR-146b-5p可作为足月新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病护理评估的客观量化指标,其水平变化能反映病情程度及预后风险,为个体化护理干预提供科学依据,三者联合检测可提升预后护理管理的精准性,指导护理资源优化配置及随访护理方案调整。建议将这些指标纳入新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病常规护理评估体系,规范护理监测流程,以改善患儿护理结局,降低后遗症发生率,为临床新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病护理实践提供参考。

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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.16.020
  • 接收时间:2026-03-26
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2026-03-26
  • 修回日期:2026-08-03
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    1衡水市人民医院,河北 053000

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董菲,E-mail:
DONG Fei, E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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