Article(id=1322929445597741123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322929431592972373, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.15.018, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1772035200000, receivedDateStr=2026-02-26, revisedDate=1782748800000, revisedDateStr=2026-06-30, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793340558670, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1786291200000, pubDateStr=2026-08-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793340558670, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793340558670, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793340558670, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322929431592972373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='15', pageStart='2577', pageEnd='2768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1786291200000', pubDateStr='2026-08-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793340555332, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343107287, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322940135335145743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322929431592972373, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322940135335145744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322929431592972373, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2710, endPage=2713, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322929445807456324, articleId=1322929445597741123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Nursing intervention and multi-system management evaluation of a patient with Fabry disease: one case report, columnId=1220689488284668633, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Comprehensive Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This article summarized the nursing intervention measures for a patient with Fabry disease mainly manifested as proteinuria,including the implementation of enzyme replacement therapy nursing,multi-system function monitoring and nursing,dietary and lifestyle guidance,and psychological nursing.At the same time,multiple system assessments were conducted on the kidney,nervous system,cardiovascular system,etc.,and a multi system disease management system covering multidisciplinary collaboration,graded follow-up,self-management guidance,and health record management was established.After targeted nursing interventions and multi-system evaluations,the patient's condition was effectively controlled and no serious complications occurred.

, authors=Na WANG, authorsList=Na WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Na WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322929446176555077, articleId=1322929445597741123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=1例法布雷病病人的护理干预及多系统管理评估, columnId=1220689488938980091, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=综合研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

总结1例以蛋白尿为主要表现的法布雷病病人的护理干预措施,包括实施酶替代治疗护理、多系统功能监测与护理、饮食与生活方式指导及心理护理等,同时开展肾脏、神经、心血管等多系统评估,并建立涵盖多学科协作、分级随访、自我管理指导及健康档案管理的多系统疾病管理体系。经过针对性的护理干预及多系统评估,病人病情得到有效控制,未出现严重并发症。

, authors=王娜, authorsList=王娜, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王娜, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
WANG Na, E-mail:
王娜,主管护师,本科,E-mail:
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journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322929445597741123, companyId=1322929446382075974, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Jincheng Second People's Hospital, Shanxi 048000 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322929446403047496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322929445597741123, companyId=1322929446382075974, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1晋城市第二人民医院,山西 048000)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1322929446755369038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322929445597741123, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Fabry disease), Keyword(id=1322929446835060815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322929445597741123, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=proteinuria), Keyword(id=1322929446927335504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, 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1例法布雷病病人的护理干预及多系统管理评估
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王娜
护理研究 | 综合研究 2026,40(15): 2710-2713
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护理研究 |综合研究 2026 , 40 (15) : 2710 -2713
1例法布雷病病人的护理干预及多系统管理评估
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王娜
作者信息
  • 1晋城市第二人民医院,山西 048000
通讯作者:
WANG Na, E-mail:
王娜,主管护师,本科,E-mail:
Nursing intervention and multi-system management evaluation of a patient with Fabry disease: one case report
Na WANG
Affiliations
  • 1Jincheng Second People's Hospital, Shanxi 048000 China
出版时间: 2026-08-10 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.15.018
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总结1例以蛋白尿为主要表现的法布雷病病人的护理干预措施,包括实施酶替代治疗护理、多系统功能监测与护理、饮食与生活方式指导及心理护理等,同时开展肾脏、神经、心血管等多系统评估,并建立涵盖多学科协作、分级随访、自我管理指导及健康档案管理的多系统疾病管理体系。经过针对性的护理干预及多系统评估,病人病情得到有效控制,未出现严重并发症。

法布雷病  /  蛋白尿  /  酶替代治疗  /  多系统评估  /  护理

This article summarized the nursing intervention measures for a patient with Fabry disease mainly manifested as proteinuria,including the implementation of enzyme replacement therapy nursing,multi-system function monitoring and nursing,dietary and lifestyle guidance,and psychological nursing.At the same time,multiple system assessments were conducted on the kidney,nervous system,cardiovascular system,etc.,and a multi system disease management system covering multidisciplinary collaboration,graded follow-up,self-management guidance,and health record management was established.After targeted nursing interventions and multi-system evaluations,the patient's condition was effectively controlled and no serious complications occurred.

Fabry disease  /  proteinuria  /  enzyme replacement therapy  /  multi-system evaluation  /  nursing
王娜. 1例法布雷病病人的护理干预及多系统管理评估. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (15) : 2710 -2713 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.15.018
Na WANG. Nursing intervention and multi-system management evaluation of a patient with Fabry disease: one case report[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (15) : 2710 -2713 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.15.018
法布雷病为X连锁隐性遗传罕见溶酶体贮积症,肾脏为主要受累器官,早期多以无症状性蛋白尿为典型表现,易漏诊、误诊,规范护理对保障酶替代治疗安全、延缓多器官损伤、提升病人依从性与生活质量具有重要意义[1]。目前法布雷病护理研究多以单中心个案与基础护理经验为主,缺乏标准化护理路径,临床存在多系统评估不全面、专科认知不足、长期随访与自我管理薄弱、心理社会支持欠缺等问题。以蛋白尿为主要表现的法布雷病在慢性肾脏病病人中检出率为0.14%~0.30%,持续性蛋白尿可快速加重肾损伤,约30%的病人进展至终末期肾病且病人心血管疾病与脑卒中风险显著升高,而此类病人的肾脏靶向护理与多系统一体化管理研究仍较匮乏[2]。本研究针对1例以蛋白尿为主要表现的法布雷病病人开展酶替代治疗护理、多系统监测与护理、饮食生活方式指导与心理支持,联合肾脏、神经、心血管系统评估,构建多学科协作、分级随访、自我管理与健康档案闭环管理模式,为优化该类病人专科护理方案、改善长期预后提供参考。
病人,男,42岁,身高170 cm,体重60 kg,因“发现蛋白尿9年”于2025年1月23日入院。病人平时身体健康,否认肝炎、肺结核等传染病史,否认手术、外伤、输血史,否认食物及药物过敏史,预防接种史不详。病人2016年体检发现尿蛋白(+),无水肿、泡沫尿、夜尿增多、腰痛等伴随症状,未予重视。2024年12月,完善相关检查后拟诊法布雷病收入院;入院查体:体温36 ℃,脉搏70/min,呼吸16/min,血压102/60 mmHg;意识清楚,言语流利,查体合作;颜面部无水肿,颈静脉无怒张,双肺呼吸音清,未闻及干湿啰音;心率70/min,律齐,各瓣膜听诊区未闻及病理性杂音;腹平软,无压痛、反跳痛,肝、脾肋下未触及,肾区无叩击痛,双下肢无水肿。住院期间病人诉间断头晕,无夜尿增多及泡沫尿等不适。
2024年12月23日,苏州瑞孚迪医学检验实验室法布雷病GLA基因检测显示,检出与法布雷病相关的1个致病变异,染色体位置:chrX:100662791。2025年1月2日,苏州瑞孚迪医学检验实验室法布雷病生物标记物(Lyso⁃GL⁃3)检验显示,Lyso⁃GL⁃3为7.25 ng/mL(参考范围<1.11 ng/mL)。2024年12月31日,我院尿液分析11项+尿沉渣定量显示,尿比重1.024,尿蛋白(+),尿隐血(-),尿红细胞37.30/μL,红细胞(高倍视野)3/HPF;2025年1月25日复查显示,尿比重1.026,尿酸碱度7.00,尿蛋白(+),尿隐血(-),尿红细胞26.50/μL,红细胞(高倍视野)4.77/HPF,混合性红细胞,尿微量白蛋白115.80 mg/L;2024年12月31日我院肾功能检查显示,尿素3.17 mmol/L,肌酐74.00 μmol/L,尿酸232.00 μmol/L;2025年1月25日复查显示,尿素3.58 mmol/L,肌酐57.00 μmol/L,尿酸199.00 μmol/L;2025年1月24日红细胞沉降率22 mm/h;免疫球蛋白G 19.47 g/L(参考范围8.6~17.4 g/L)。
酶替代治疗为本例病人核心治疗手段[3-4],治疗前详细询问过敏史,针对既往无药物过敏史、肾功能基本稳定的特点,完善肝肾功能、血常规等检查后为病人签署知情同意书,备好肾上腺素、抗组胺药等急救物品。给药时严格按体重计算剂量,采用缓慢静脉输注,起始速度控制在20 mL/h,观察30 min无不适后逐步调至规定速度,每15 min监测体温、血压、脉搏,本例病人全程未出现发热、皮疹、呼吸困难等过敏反应。输注结束后继续留观4 h,监测生命体征平稳,未发生迟发性不良反应,定期复查Lyso-GL-3、尿微量白蛋白、肾功能以评估疗效。
法布雷病可累及肾脏、心脏、神经系统等多个器官系统,需加强多系统功能监测,早期发现潜在损害[5-6]。针对病人持续蛋白尿(+)、尿微量白蛋白115.80 mg/L的情况,每日观察尿液颜色与泡沫情况,准确记录24 h出入量,住院期间出入量维持在1 800~2 200 mL,无水肿及尿量异常;用药时严格规避氨基糖苷类、非甾体抗炎药等肾毒性药物,最大限度地保护肾功能[7]。病人住院期间间断出现头晕,监测血压波动为(90~100)/(60~65)mmHg,判断与血压偏低及疾病相关,指导其起床、转头时动作放缓,避免快速体位改变,头晕发作时立即卧床休息,未发生跌倒等意外;完善头颅磁共振成像未见明显异常,联合神经内科评估后予对症处理,头晕发作频率明显减少。定期监测心率、血压及心电图,本例病人心率(68~72)/min,血压稳定、正常,无胸闷、心悸,未出现心血管受累表现[8]。
结合病人体重60 kg、蛋白尿(+)、肾功能正常,制定低盐(每日3~4 g)、低脂、优质低蛋白饮食,蛋白质摄入量按0.8 g/(kg·d)执行,以瘦肉、鸡蛋、牛奶为主,避免腌制食品、动物内脏及油炸食物,戒烟限酒,减轻肾脏与心血管负担。
1)适当运动:根据病人身体状况,指导其进行散步、打太极拳等温和运动,避免剧烈运动,增强体质,控制体重;2)规律作息:保证充足睡眠,避免熬夜,避免过度劳累,养成良好的作息习惯;3)个人卫生:保持皮肤清洁,预防感染;4)安全防护:因病人有间断性头晕症状,指导其日常活动时动作缓慢,避免突然起身、转头等动作,防止头晕发作导致跌倒。
本例病人为中年男性,因罕见病需长期治疗存在轻度焦虑,焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均高于临界值。护理中采用一对一沟通,结合本病例基因与生物标记物结果讲解疾病特点与治疗前景,分享同类病例稳定管理经验,减轻其对预后的担忧[9];鼓励家属全程陪伴支持,引导病人正确看待长期管理,逐步建立治疗信心,干预后情绪平稳,依从性显著提升。
建立以多学科协作为核心、贯穿全病程的多系统疾病管理模式,组建肾内科、神经内科、心血管内科、专科护士、营养师及心理治疗师的专病管理团队,共同制订个体化诊疗与护理方案,标准化处理酶替代治疗过敏等应急风险。同时实施分级随访,按病情每3个月门诊复查尿蛋白、肾功能、Lyso-GL-3等指标,每年完成心脏、头颅等影像学评估,通过门诊、电话、线上平台及时跟踪与提醒。开展系统健康宣教,指导病人掌握尿液观察、血压监测、出入量记录等自我管理技能,鼓励家属参与监督支持[10-11]。为病人建立电子与纸质双重健康档案,专人更新维护,实现多学科信息共享,形成从院内到院外、从诊疗到自我管理的闭环长期管理,减轻器官损伤,提升病人依从性与生活质量。
每日记录血压、头晕发作次数、尿液性状,每周汇总尿蛋白、肾功能变化趋势,及时反馈给医生调整方案,确保病人病情变化早识别、早处理。
临床医生通过定期监测尿蛋白、尿微量白蛋白、尿红细胞计数、肾功能等指标,评估肾脏损害程度及治疗效果。该病人入院时尿蛋白(+),尿微量白蛋白115.80 mg/L,经治疗后复查指标无明显加重,肾功能指标基本正常,提示肾脏损害目前处于稳定状态,未出现进行性恶化。
通过问诊了解病人头晕症状变化,结合头颅磁共振成像检查结果评估脑血管受累情况。病人头晕症状为间断发作,头颅磁共振成像检查未发现明显脑血管异常,考虑头晕可能与血压偏低或疾病本身相关,经对症处理后症状有所缓解。
监测心率、血压、心电图、心脏彩超等指标,评估心脏功能及血管受累情况[12]。病人住院期间生命体征平稳,心率、血压均在正常范围,心电图无明显异常,提示心血管系统目前未出现明显受累表现。
全身炎症反应评估:监测红细胞沉降率、免疫球蛋白等指标,病人红细胞沉降率22 mm/h(轻度升高),免疫球蛋白G为19.47 g/L(升高),考虑可能存在轻度炎症反应,需定期复查,观察指标变化。
经过针对性的护理干预及多系统评估,病人病情得到有效控制,未出现严重并发症。病人尿蛋白持续稳定,肾功能指标均在正常范围,治疗前Lyso-GL-3为7.25 ng/mL,经干预后呈下降趋势,提示治疗与护理干预有效;间断头晕症状缓解,未发生跌倒等安全事件;病人及家属对疾病的认知程度显著提高,治疗依从性良好,心理状态平稳,能够积极配合治疗及护理工作;病人掌握了饮食、运动、日常安全防护等相关知识,养成了良好的生活习惯。
法布雷病是罕见X连锁隐性遗传溶酶体贮积症,肾脏为主要受累器官,早期以无症状蛋白尿为突出表现,极易漏诊误诊,规范且系统的护理干预对延缓器官损害、保障治疗安全具有重要意义。本例为以蛋白尿为主要表现的法布雷病病人,在酶替代治疗基础上实施全程护理,围绕治疗安全、肾脏保护、多系统监测、饮食生活指导与心理支持开展个体化干预,有效稳定了尿蛋白与肾功能,缓解头晕症状,提升治疗依从性与生活质量,印证了以肾脏保护为核心、多系统协同监测的护理模式对该类病人的适用性与有效性。作为个案护理报告,本研究在实践中体现了罕见病专科护理的要点,但仍存在单一样本、随访周期有限、遗传咨询与家庭延伸护理覆盖不足等局限,提示未来需建立标准化护理路径、强化多学科协作与长期闭环管理。本案例提示,临床对不明原因持续性蛋白尿病人应提高法布雷病筛查意识,确诊后需以多系统评估为导向,整合治疗护理、器官保护、心理支持与自我管理,为病人提供全周期、个体化的综合照护,为同类罕见病病人的护理实践提供参考。
法布雷病是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,临床表现复杂多样,肾脏是其主要受累器官之一[13-14],早期常以蛋白尿为唯一表现,易被漏诊或误诊,延误治疗时机。因此,对于不明原因的持续性蛋白尿病人,尤其是年轻病人,需警惕法布雷病的可能,及时完善GLA基因检测[15-16]及Lyso-Gb3检测,明确诊断[17]。酶替代治疗是法布雷病的主要治疗方法,可有效延缓疾病进展,护理人员需做好酶替代治疗的全程护理,包括治疗前准备、治疗中监测、治疗后观察,预防过敏反应等不良反应的发生,确保治疗安全、有效。同时,由于法布雷病可累及多个器官系统[18],需实施多系统评估[5],早期发现潜在的器官损害,及时采取干预措施,降低并发症发生率。饮食与生活方式指导、心理护理也是法布雷病护理的重要组成部分。合理的饮食可减轻肾脏及心血管系统负担,良好的生活习惯有助于控制病情;而心理护理可缓解病人及家属的不良情绪,提高治疗依从性。此外,多学科协作模式在法布雷病的管理中具有重要作用,需联合医生、护士、营养师、心理治疗师等多学科人员,为病人提供全面、个体化的诊疗及护理服务。
本案例通过对以蛋白尿为主要表现的法布雷病病人实施针对性的护理干预及多系统评估,取得了较好的护理效果。但由于法布雷病为罕见病,临床护理经验相对有限,未来需进一步积累病例,总结护理经验,优化护理方案,提高法布雷病病人的护理质量及生活质量。

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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.15.018
  • 接收时间:2026-02-26
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-08-10
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  • 收稿日期:2026-02-26
  • 修回日期:2026-06-30
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    1晋城市第二人民医院,山西 048000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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species
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Percentage of
total species (%)
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species
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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