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Article(id=1322931493839974900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322931411006665649, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.010, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1756828800000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-03, revisedDate=1779033600000, revisedDateStr=2026-05-18, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793341047010, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1783612800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793341047010, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793341047010, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793341047010, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322931411006665649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='13', pageStart='2193', pageEnd='2384', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1783612800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793341027261, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343114456, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322940165425082661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322931411006665649, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322940165425082662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322931411006665649, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2264, endPage=2269, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322931495702245877, articleId=1322931493839974900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Construction of an evaluation indicator system for new media health science popularization capacity in community health service centers, columnId=1220689484526572183, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To establish a scientific and standardized evaluation indicator system for new media health science popularization capacity suitable for community health service centers.This system aims to provide quantitative tools and decision-making references for grassroots health institutions to systematically assess and enhance the effectiveness of health communication.It also supports fully leveraging the core role of nursing teams in health education.

Methods

Based on the "5W" communication theory framework,an initial indicator pool was built through literature analysis.Nineteen experts from multiple fields were selected to participate in two rounds of Delphi method consultation.This process completed the screening of indicators and the optimization of the system.The Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) was used to construct judgment matrices.The hierarchical weights of indicators at all levels were determined and consistency tests were conducted.

Results

A three-level evaluation indicator system was finally formed.It includes five dimensions,eleven elements,and thirty-five specific indicators.The weights of the dimensions from highest to lowest were: communication effect (0.324 6),audience analysis(0.215 5),content quality(0.205 8),basic conditions(0.128 0),and platform construction(0.126 0).The consistency ratio(CR) of all judgment matrices passed the consistency test.

Conclusions

The constructed indicator system possesses both theoretical rationality and practical operability.It innovatively integrates the communication model with grassroots health service scenarios and nursing health education work.This integration provides evidence-based decision-making support for improving the grassroots "Internet+Health Promotion" working mechanism.It assists grassroots medical and health institutions in achieving precise and sustainable new media health science popularization capacity building.

, authors=Chenmeng GU, Yuzhu PANG, Hao FENG, Le YANG, Jingmin CHENG, authorsList=Chenmeng GU, Yuzhu PANG, Hao FENG, Le YANG, Jingmin CHENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jingmin CHENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322931496192979446, articleId=1322931493839974900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系的构建, columnId=1220689484681761433, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=科研论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

建立科学、规范且适用于社区卫生服务中心的新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系，为基层卫生机构系统评估与提升健康传播效能、充分发挥护理团队在健康教育中的核心作用提供量化工具和决策依据。

方法

以“5W”传播理论为框架，通过文献分析法搭建初始指标库；选取19名多领域专家开展2轮德尔菲法咨询，完成指标的筛选与体系优化；运用层次分析法（AHP）构建判断矩阵，确定各级指标的层级权重并进行一致性检验。

结果

最终形成包含5个维度、11项要素、35个具体指标的三级评价指标体系，各维度权重从高到低依次为传播效果（0.324 6）、受众分析（0.215 5）、内容质量（0.205 8）、基础条件（0.128 0）、平台建设（0.126 0），且所有判断矩阵均通过一致性检验。

结论

构建的指标体系兼具理论合理性与实践操作性，创新性将传播学模型与基层卫生服务场景、护理健康教育工作深度融合，为完善基层“互联网+健康促进”工作机制提供循证决策支持，助力基层医疗卫生机构实现精准化、可持续的新媒体健康科普能力建设。

, authors=谷晨萌, 庞宇珠, 冯昊, 杨乐, 程景民*, *, authorsList=谷晨萌, 庞宇珠, 冯昊, 杨乐, 程景民, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=程景民, authorNote=

谷晨萌，硕士研究生

, correspAuthorsNote=
程景民，E-mail：
CHENG Jingmin, E-mail:
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谷晨萌，硕士研究生

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journalName=中国当代医药, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨玲芳,廖亮悝,唐路梅.药学专业实习生医学科普能力培养模式的探索[J].中国当代医药,2024,31(21):159-163., articleTitle=药学专业实习生医学科普能力培养模式的探索, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931502522184246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=21, pageStart=394, pageEnd=395, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=15, authorNames=蔡定彬, 庄光杰, 陈婷, journalName=科学与财富, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蔡定彬,庄光杰,陈婷,等.医学科普传播能力:健康中国视域下医学人才培养的新要求[J].科学与财富,2020(21):394-395., articleTitle=医学科普传播能力:健康中国视域下医学人才培养的新要求, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931502589293111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=6, pageStart=1066, pageEnd=1067, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=陈南华, 朱涛, 诸葛青云, journalName=西北医学教育, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈南华,朱涛,诸葛青云.医学生科普实践能力培养的意义及途径探讨[J].西北医学教育,2008(6):1066-1067., articleTitle=医学生科普实践能力培养的意义及途径探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931502668984888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=6, pageEnd=11, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=17, authorNames=孙文, 李珍, 陈佳林, journalName=公共卫生与预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙文,李珍,陈佳林,等.基于德尔菲法的突发重大传染病社区韧性评价指标体系[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2025,36(2):6-11., articleTitle=基于德尔菲法的突发重大传染病社区韧性评价指标体系, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931502744482361, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=6, pageStart=488, pageEnd=492, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=18, authorNames=乔昆, 韩晔, 洪玮, journalName=中国健康教育, refType=null, unstructuredReference=乔昆,韩晔,洪玮,等.医疗机构新媒体健康科普信息发布评价指标探索与构建[J].中国健康教育,2023,39(6):488-492;522., articleTitle=医疗机构新媒体健康科普信息发布评价指标探索与构建, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931503985996346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=19, authorNames=中国政府网, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国政府网.中共中央国务院印发《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》[EB/OL].(2016-11-20)[2025-08-15].https:///www.gov.cn/zhengce/202203/content_3635233.htm., articleTitle=中共中央国务院印发《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322931504069882427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=2007, issue=11, pageStart=834, pageEnd=835, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=20, authorNames=周鹏, 孙建平, 顾萍, journalName=中国健康教育, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周鹏,孙建平,顾萍,等.不同健康传播方式对居民营养知信行的影响[J].中国健康教育,2007(11):834-835;864., articleTitle=不同健康传播方式对居民营养知信行的影响, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322931496461414903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931496469803512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, companyId=1322931496461414903, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322931496478192121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, companyId=1322931496461414903, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1山西医科大学，山西 030001)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322931500525695519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic information of experts（n=19）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目类别人数百分比（%）
性别男842.11
女1157.89
年龄30~40岁526.32
>40~50岁947.37
>50岁526.32
学历本科736.84
硕士研究生631.58
博士研究生631.58
专业领域全科医学315.79
公共卫生315.79
临床护理315.79
卫生事业管理421.05
新闻传播315.79
健康传播210.53
信息资源管理15.26
工作年限5~10年421.05
>10~20年526.32
>20年1052.63
职称正高级526.32
副高级631.58
中级842.11
), ArticleFig(id=1322931500626358816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

专家基本情况（n=19）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目类别人数百分比（%）
性别男842.11
女1157.89
年龄30~40岁526.32
>40~50岁947.37
>50岁526.32
学历本科736.84
硕士研究生631.58
博士研究生631.58
专业领域全科医学315.79
公共卫生315.79
临床护理315.79
卫生事业管理421.05
新闻传播315.79
健康传播210.53
信息资源管理15.26
工作年限5~10年421.05
>10~20年526.32
>20年1052.63
职称正高级526.32
副高级631.58
中级842.11
), ArticleFig(id=1322931500714439201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Degree of coordination in two rounds of expert consultation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
轮次Kendall协调系数χ²值P
第1轮0.417459.984<0.001
第2轮0.166126.846<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322931500785742370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2轮专家咨询协调程度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
轮次Kendall协调系数χ²值P
第1轮0.417459.984<0.001
第2轮0.166126.846<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322931500869628451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results and explanations of indicator adjustments in the first round

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标名称调整结果说明
社区卫生服务中心修改改为“社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普基础条件”
展现形式修改改为“展现策略”
时效把握删除讨论后删除
公众号基础建设修改改为“平台建设”
微信群运营删除3项均不满足要求
平台建设深度修改改为“社群运营”
从事健康教育人群中本科以上人员占比（%）删除3项均不满足要求
是否有（多层次）奖励机制调整移至B2健康科普经费投入维度
健康科普区级及以上的健康科普奖励及学术成果数量（个）删除3项均不满足要求
健康科普人员培训情况（次）调整移至B1健康科普人才队伍维度
重点疾病的健康教育内容占比（%）修改改为“常见病（多发病）的健康教育内容占比（%）”
健康政策解读内容占比（%）增加建议增加至B4内容呈现维度
关键事件把握能力删除建议删除
是否能够实现线上预约、挂号删除3项均不满足要求
公众号下是否开通视频号删除3项均不满足要求
账号的总点赞量删除3项均不满足要求
), ArticleFig(id=1322931500974486052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

第1轮指标调整结果及说明

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标名称调整结果说明
社区卫生服务中心修改改为“社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普基础条件”
展现形式修改改为“展现策略”
时效把握删除讨论后删除
公众号基础建设修改改为“平台建设”
微信群运营删除3项均不满足要求
平台建设深度修改改为“社群运营”
从事健康教育人群中本科以上人员占比（%）删除3项均不满足要求
是否有（多层次）奖励机制调整移至B2健康科普经费投入维度
健康科普区级及以上的健康科普奖励及学术成果数量（个）删除3项均不满足要求
健康科普人员培训情况（次）调整移至B1健康科普人才队伍维度
重点疾病的健康教育内容占比（%）修改改为“常见病（多发病）的健康教育内容占比（%）”
健康政策解读内容占比（%）增加建议增加至B4内容呈现维度
关键事件把握能力删除建议删除
是否能够实现线上预约、挂号删除3项均不满足要求
公众号下是否开通视频号删除3项均不满足要求
账号的总点赞量删除3项均不满足要求
), ArticleFig(id=1322931501045789221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Combination Weights of evaluation indicators for new media health science popularization capacity in community health service centers

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一级指标（权重）二级指标三级指标
名称（权重）组合权重名称（权重）组合权重
A1基础条件（0.128 0）B1健康科普人才队伍（0.406 6）0.052 1C1是否具有从事健康教育的专（兼）职人员（0.375 8）0.019 6
C2护理人员在健康科普团队中的占比（0.301 0）0.015 7
C3从事健康教育人群健康科普人员培训情况（0.323 2）0.016 8
B2健康科普经费投入（0.310 5）0.039 7C4是否有健康科普专项经费（0.370 2）0.014 7
C5健康科普活动支出占比（0.185 7）0.007 4
C6是否具备开展健康科普活动的设施设备（ 0.229 7）0.009 1
C7是否有（多层次）奖励机制（ 0.214 4）0.008 5
B3健康科普管理机制（0.282 9）0.036 2C8是否能对健康教育服务进行定期的评估反馈并进行改进（0.334 2）0.012 1
C9是否关注并定期开展健康科普、行业学术研究（0.180 1）0.006 5
C10是否明确具体科室负责相关工作（0.208 1）0.007 5
C11是否将健康科普工作纳入机构年度工作计划（0.277 6）0.010 1
A2内容质量（0.205 8）B4内容呈现（0.594 4）0.122 4C12针对重点人群开展健康教育内容占比（0.198 3）0.024 3
C13健康生活方式和可干预危险因素的健康教育内容占比（0.179 4）0.022 0
C14常见病（多发病）的健康教育内容占比（0.142 6）0.017 4
C15疾病相关护理的健康教育内容占比（0.128 5）0.015 7
C16突发公共卫生事件应急与处理健康教育内容占比（0.129 8）0.015 9
C17中医药健康教育内容占比（0.127 8）0.015 6
C18健康政策解读内容占比（0.093 6）0.011 5
B5展现策略（0.405 6）0.083 5C19配色、排版、标题等是否统一、美观（0.477 8）0.039 9
C20展现形式是否多样化（0.522 2）0.043 6
A3平台建设（0.126 0）B6平台建设（0.535 6）0.067 5C21账号头像、简介等基础信息是否完善（0.410 6）0.027 7
C22是否设置健康议题且受众群体明确（0.589 4）0.039 8
B7社群运营（0.464 4）0.058 5C23健康科普微信群群成员的数量（0.216 7）0.012 7
C24微信群健康科普工作人员发布健康科普信息的次数（0.386 0）0.022 6
C25与其他医疗机构合作，专家参与科普/直播次数（0.397 3）0.023 2
A4受众分析（0.215 5）B8受众调查（0.417 8）0.090 0C26是否分析辖区人群结构调整传播方向（0.527 8）0.047 5
C27语言/文字是否适合目标人群的文化水平与阅读能力（0.472 2）0.042 5
B9受众满意（0.582 2）0.125 5C28社区居民对于该社区新媒体健康科普账号的知晓度（0.272 4）0.034 2
C29社区居民对于该社区新媒体健康科普账号的关注度（0.338 4）0.042 5
C30社区居民对于该社区新媒体健康科普账号的满意度（0.389 2）0.048 8
A5传播效果（0.324 6）B10传播力度（0.466 7）0.151 5C31账号的总播放量/阅读量（0.364 2）0.055 2
C32账号的总粉丝量/关注量（0.320 0）0.048 5
C33视频平均完播率（0.315 8）0.047 8
B11影响力度（0.533 3）0.173 1C34账号的总转发量（0.583 3）0.101 0
C35账号的总评论量（0.416 7）0.072 1
), ArticleFig(id=1322931501146452518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322931493839974900, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普能力评价指标组合权重

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
一级指标（权重）二级指标三级指标
名称（权重）组合权重名称（权重）组合权重
A1基础条件（0.128 0）B1健康科普人才队伍（0.406 6）0.052 1C1是否具有从事健康教育的专（兼）职人员（0.375 8）0.019 6
C2护理人员在健康科普团队中的占比（0.301 0）0.015 7
C3从事健康教育人群健康科普人员培训情况（0.323 2）0.016 8
B2健康科普经费投入（0.310 5）0.039 7C4是否有健康科普专项经费（0.370 2）0.014 7
C5健康科普活动支出占比（0.185 7）0.007 4
C6是否具备开展健康科普活动的设施设备（ 0.229 7）0.009 1
C7是否有（多层次）奖励机制（ 0.214 4）0.008 5
B3健康科普管理机制（0.282 9）0.036 2C8是否能对健康教育服务进行定期的评估反馈并进行改进（0.334 2）0.012 1
C9是否关注并定期开展健康科普、行业学术研究（0.180 1）0.006 5
C10是否明确具体科室负责相关工作（0.208 1）0.007 5
C11是否将健康科普工作纳入机构年度工作计划（0.277 6）0.010 1
A2内容质量（0.205 8）B4内容呈现（0.594 4）0.122 4C12针对重点人群开展健康教育内容占比（0.198 3）0.024 3
C13健康生活方式和可干预危险因素的健康教育内容占比（0.179 4）0.022 0
C14常见病（多发病）的健康教育内容占比（0.142 6）0.017 4
C15疾病相关护理的健康教育内容占比（0.128 5）0.015 7
C16突发公共卫生事件应急与处理健康教育内容占比（0.129 8）0.015 9
C17中医药健康教育内容占比（0.127 8）0.015 6
C18健康政策解读内容占比（0.093 6）0.011 5
B5展现策略（0.405 6）0.083 5C19配色、排版、标题等是否统一、美观（0.477 8）0.039 9
C20展现形式是否多样化（0.522 2）0.043 6
A3平台建设（0.126 0）B6平台建设（0.535 6）0.067 5C21账号头像、简介等基础信息是否完善（0.410 6）0.027 7
C22是否设置健康议题且受众群体明确（0.589 4）0.039 8
B7社群运营（0.464 4）0.058 5C23健康科普微信群群成员的数量（0.216 7）0.012 7
C24微信群健康科普工作人员发布健康科普信息的次数（0.386 0）0.022 6
C25与其他医疗机构合作，专家参与科普/直播次数（0.397 3）0.023 2
A4受众分析（0.215 5）B8受众调查（0.417 8）0.090 0C26是否分析辖区人群结构调整传播方向（0.527 8）0.047 5
C27语言/文字是否适合目标人群的文化水平与阅读能力（0.472 2）0.042 5
B9受众满意（0.582 2）0.125 5C28社区居民对于该社区新媒体健康科普账号的知晓度（0.272 4）0.034 2
C29社区居民对于该社区新媒体健康科普账号的关注度（0.338 4）0.042 5
C30社区居民对于该社区新媒体健康科普账号的满意度（0.389 2）0.048 8
A5传播效果（0.324 6）B10传播力度（0.466 7）0.151 5C31账号的总播放量/阅读量（0.364 2）0.055 2
C32账号的总粉丝量/关注量（0.320 0）0.048 5
C33视频平均完播率（0.315 8）0.047 8
B11影响力度（0.533 3）0.173 1C34账号的总转发量（0.583 3）0.101 0
C35账号的总评论量（0.416 7）0.072 1
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社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系的构建
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谷晨萌 , 庞宇珠 , 冯昊 , 杨乐 , 程景民 *, *
护理研究 | 科研论著 2026,40(13): 2264-2269
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护理研究 |科研论著 2026 , 40 (13) : 2264 -2269
社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系的构建
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谷晨萌, 庞宇珠, 冯昊, 杨乐, 程景民*, *
作者信息
  • 1山西医科大学，山西 030001
通讯作者:
程景民，E-mail：
CHENG Jingmin, E-mail:
作者简介:

谷晨萌，硕士研究生

Construction of an evaluation indicator system for new media health science popularization capacity in community health service centers
Chenmeng GU, Yuzhu PANG, Hao FENG, Le YANG, Jingmin CHENG
Affiliations
  • 1Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001 China
出版时间: 2026-07-10 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.010
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摘要
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目的

建立科学、规范且适用于社区卫生服务中心的新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系，为基层卫生机构系统评估与提升健康传播效能、充分发挥护理团队在健康教育中的核心作用提供量化工具和决策依据。

方法

以“5W”传播理论为框架，通过文献分析法搭建初始指标库；选取19名多领域专家开展2轮德尔菲法咨询，完成指标的筛选与体系优化；运用层次分析法（AHP）构建判断矩阵，确定各级指标的层级权重并进行一致性检验。

结果

最终形成包含5个维度、11项要素、35个具体指标的三级评价指标体系，各维度权重从高到低依次为传播效果（0.324 6）、受众分析（0.215 5）、内容质量（0.205 8）、基础条件（0.128 0）、平台建设（0.126 0），且所有判断矩阵均通过一致性检验。

结论

构建的指标体系兼具理论合理性与实践操作性，创新性将传播学模型与基层卫生服务场景、护理健康教育工作深度融合，为完善基层“互联网+健康促进”工作机制提供循证决策支持，助力基层医疗卫生机构实现精准化、可持续的新媒体健康科普能力建设。

“5W”理论  /  社区卫生服务中心  /  评价指标  /  健康教育  /  健康科普  /  新媒体
Objective

To establish a scientific and standardized evaluation indicator system for new media health science popularization capacity suitable for community health service centers.This system aims to provide quantitative tools and decision-making references for grassroots health institutions to systematically assess and enhance the effectiveness of health communication.It also supports fully leveraging the core role of nursing teams in health education.

Methods

Based on the "5W" communication theory framework,an initial indicator pool was built through literature analysis.Nineteen experts from multiple fields were selected to participate in two rounds of Delphi method consultation.This process completed the screening of indicators and the optimization of the system.The Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) was used to construct judgment matrices.The hierarchical weights of indicators at all levels were determined and consistency tests were conducted.

Results

A three-level evaluation indicator system was finally formed.It includes five dimensions,eleven elements,and thirty-five specific indicators.The weights of the dimensions from highest to lowest were: communication effect (0.324 6),audience analysis(0.215 5),content quality(0.205 8),basic conditions(0.128 0),and platform construction(0.126 0).The consistency ratio(CR) of all judgment matrices passed the consistency test.

Conclusions

The constructed indicator system possesses both theoretical rationality and practical operability.It innovatively integrates the communication model with grassroots health service scenarios and nursing health education work.This integration provides evidence-based decision-making support for improving the grassroots "Internet+Health Promotion" working mechanism.It assists grassroots medical and health institutions in achieving precise and sustainable new media health science popularization capacity building.

"5W" theory  /  community health service center  /  evaluation indicator  /  health education  /  health science popularization  /  new media
谷晨萌, 庞宇珠, 冯昊, 杨乐, 程景民. 社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系的构建. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (13) : 2264 -2269 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.010
Chenmeng GU, Yuzhu PANG, Hao FENG, Le YANG, Jingmin CHENG. Construction of an evaluation indicator system for new media health science popularization capacity in community health service centers[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (13) : 2264 -2269 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.010
正文
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习近平总书记指出：“科技创新、科学普及是实现创新发展的两翼，要把科学普及放在与科技创新同等重要的位置”[1]。健康科普作为提升全民健康素养的核心手段，是推动“以治疗为中心”向“以人民健康为中心”服务模式转变的重要实践。当前，我国居民健康素养水平稳步提升，2023年中国居民健康素养监测情况数据显示中国居民健康素养水平达29.70%[2]，但仍意味着有超过70%的居民在健康知识获取与理解上存在障碍，信息混乱、资源不均等问题，社区居民健康素养有待进一步提高。社区卫生服务中心作为基层医疗服务的“网底”和“最后一公里”，在健康科普中扮演着不可替代的角色，其服务内容与社区居民，尤其是老年人、慢性病病人等重点人群的健康需求高度契合。社区护士及护理团队作为居民最常接触的卫生专业人员，在常态化健康指导、随访管理和群体健康教育中发挥着主力军作用[3]。同时，新媒体环境为健康科普带来了重大变化[4]。截至2024年6月，我国网民规模近11亿人，互联网普及率达78.0%[5]。新媒体的即时性、互动性、广覆盖与精准化特点，使其成为弥合健康信息鸿沟、实现知识普惠的关键渠道。利用新媒体来开展健康教育活动，已成为创新基层健康服务模式、落实国家基本公共卫生服务项目的有效手段。但当前的新媒体健康传播生态面临多重挑战，如非专业人士成为传播主力、伪科学信息泛滥等[6]；社区健康科普工作仍存在内容同质化[7]、传播效能不足、护理专业优势未充分发挥[8]、缺乏科学评估工具[9]等问题。亟需一套有效的评价体系来识别并破解这一系列难题，现有研究多聚焦于大型医疗机构[10]或泛化的新媒体平台，尚未建立起一套契合社区卫生服务特色、融合护理健康教育学与传播学理论的评价体系。因此，本研究基于“5W”传播理论，结合社区卫生服务中心的职能定位与服务人群特征，旨在构建一套科学、实用、导向明确的新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系，为基层医疗卫生机构，特别是社区护理健康教育工作的系统化评估与精准化提升，提供循证依据与可操作工具。
1　资料与方法
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1.1　理论基础
本研究以Lasswell H的“5W”传播理论模型[11]为理论框架，将其5个基本要素（传播者、内容、媒介、受众、效果）作为一级指标构建的基石。同时，根据新媒体传播特点[12-14]，紧密结合《社区卫生服务中心服务能力标准（2022年版）》等政策文件，以及社区护理健康教育的实际工作内容，确保指标体系既符合传播规律，又贴合基层卫生服务场景。
1.2　研究方法
本研究采用文献研究法、网络调查法、德尔菲法与层次分析法（AHP）相结合的方式进行。
1.2.1　文献研究法
系统检索中国知网（CNKI）、Web of Science、万方数据知识服务平台等中英文数据库，检索时限为2014年1月1日至2024年6月1日。中文检索词包括社区健康科普、新媒体、评价指标、护理健康教育、健康传播等；英文检索词包括community health，health literacy，new media，evaluation index等。通过文献分析，初步明确指标池的范畴与结构，并特别关注与护理主导的健康教育项目相关的评价要素。
1.2.2　网络调查法
随机抽取10所社区卫生服务中心的官方新媒体平台（以微信公众号为主的传播矩阵）进行网络调查。调查内容包括账号建设情况、内容类型、发布频率、互动数据、护理相关科普内容占比等。由2名研究员独立进行数据提取与核对。
1.2.3　德尔菲法
本研究采用德尔菲法进行评价指标的筛选和确定[15-17]。共邀请19名专家参与咨询。专家纳入标准：从事全科医学、社区护理、公共卫生、健康传播、卫生事业管理等领域工作；中级及以上职称或硕士研究生及以上学历；工作经验≥5年；自愿参与本研究。专家来源涵盖医疗机构、疾控中心、社区卫生服务中心护理部、高校、媒体单位等，以确保视角的多元化和专业性。共进行2轮专家咨询。第1轮咨询后，根据专家意见对指标进行筛选与修改，筛选标准为界值法[18]（满分比、算术均数、变异系数）。进行调整后由第2轮问卷再次反馈给各专家，直至专家意见趋于一致，并进行权重判断。
1.2.4　层次分析法
在第2轮专家咨询中，本研究采用层次分析法确定该指标体系的权重[19]。通过将问题分解为目标层、准则层和方案层，通过Saaty1~9标度法对各级指标进行两两比较，构建判断矩阵。使用Yaahp 12.12软件计算各指标权重，并保证所有判断矩阵的一致性比率（CR）<0.10。
2　结果
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2.1　文献研究与网络调查结果
文献研究与网络调查共同揭示了当前社区健康科普工作的核心困境与优化方向。研究发现，我国社区慢性病健康科普存在供给与需求不匹配的问题：一方面，文献指出科普力度不足、新媒体平台利用率低，且缺乏针对健康科普视频的专业评价工具；另一方面，网络调查证实，尽管由护理人员主导的科普内容显示出巨大的受众潜力，但其覆盖人群多局限于病人群体，内容也较为单一。构建一个能够引导内容拓展、提升传播效能，充分发挥护理人员健康促进作用的评价体系至关重要。
2.2　专家基本情况
参与调查的专家共计19人，年龄30~60岁，拥有工作经验5年以上，专业领域涉及医学、健康传播以及媒体领域，工作单位有医疗机构、政府部门、电视台、出版社、高校等；具有一定的健康科普工作经验，愿意积极参与调查。具体见表1。
2.3　专家积极程度
本研究第1轮专家咨询共发放问卷21份，回收问卷19份，回收率90.48%、有效率100.00%，有7名专家对指标体系的构建提出意见和建议。第2轮专家咨询选择其中的15名专家进行调查，共发放问卷15份，回收问卷15份，回收率和有效率均达100.00%，专家对本研究的积极性较高。
2.4　专家权威程度
专家的权威程度是确保研究结果可信度的关键因素，以专家权威系数（Cr）表示，以专家自评的方式体现，受专家判断系数（Ca）和专家熟悉程度（Cs）影响，计算公式为：Cr=（Ca+Cs）/2。一般认为Cr≥0.7说明咨询结果较好。本研究第2轮专家Ca=0.96，Cs=0.85，Cr=0.91，说明本研究的专家权威程度较高。
2.5　专家意见协调程度
使用肯德尔（Kendall）协调系数W来判断专家协调程度，W取值0~1，值越大说明专家的一致性越高。本研究使用SPSS 27.0计算2轮专家的协调系数分别为0.417，0.166，经χ²检验，P<0.05，专家的协调性较好。第2轮专家协调系数（W=0.166）较第1轮（W=0.417）有所下降，主要原因是:第1轮咨询后，专家意见已趋于集中，部分非核心指标被剔除，导致第2轮评分差异度减小，咨询过程有效收敛了共识。尽管经过一轮反馈，专家在部分指标上的评分仍存在一定离散趋势，但整体评价仍具有一致性。见表2。
2.6　专家咨询结果
2.6.1　第1轮专家咨询结果
根据第1轮专家咨询问卷结果，将数据录入SPSS 27.0中，分别计算各指标的满分比、算术均数和变异系数，使用界值法初步筛选指标条目，同时为避免重要指标被删除，将3项均不符合要求的条目予以删除；2项不符合要求的条目经专家以及课题组讨论后再决定取舍；对于一项不符合要求的条目予以保留。具体要求如下：1）满分比的界值=满分比的均值-满分比的标准差，大于界值者入选；2）算术均数的界值=算术均数的均值-算术均数的标准差，大于界值者入选；3）变异系数的界值=变异系数的均值+变异系数的标准差，小于界值者入选。
在第1轮专家咨询结果中，本研究满分比、算术均数及变异系数的界值分别为0.47，4.25，0.20。对指标B8、C3、C5、C25、C29、C39予以剔除；对指标B6、C2、C27进行讨论，经讨论后C2、C27予以保留。同时结合专家的意见，对1个一级指标、3个二级指标、6个三级指标予以调整，具体修改结果见表3。
2.6.2　第2轮专家咨询结果
第2轮专家咨询结果显示，本研究满分比、算术均数及变异系数的界值分别为0.48，4.36，0.16，对指标“从事健康教育人群中中级以上职称人员占比（%）”，予以剔除，其余有两项不满足要求的指标经专家沟通和小组讨论决定，予以保留。最终构建由5个一级指标、11个二级指标、35个三级指标构成的社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系。
2.7　指标权重的确定
2.7.1　层次结构模型
本研究将“社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系”这一总目标进行分解，社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普能力评价为目标层，一级指标为准则层，二级指标为子准则层，三级指标作为方案层（指标层）。
2.7.2　构建判断矩阵
根据Saaty1~9标度法构建两两比较判断矩阵，计算公式为：A=（aij）n×na11a12...a1na21a22...a2n⋮   ⋮ ⋮ ⋮an1an2an3ann
                  (ij=1,2,...n)
其中，aij表示ai对aj的相对重要性分值。
2.7.3　指标体系权重确定
将15名专家对17个判断矩阵的打分情况录入Yaahp12.12中，共构建255个判断矩阵。根据专家打分结果进行层次单排序，确定同一层次中其相对重要性或优先性，并分别进行一致性检验。对于其中没有通过一致性检验的矩阵，部分经Yaahp自行修正，部分与专家沟通重新打分，最终保证15名专家的判断矩阵均通过一致性检验。评价指标体系权重见表4。
3　讨论
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3.1　指标体系的科学性和可靠性
本研究严格遵循指标体系构建规范，通过文献研究、网络调查与两轮德尔菲专家咨询，确保了指标内容的全面性与代表性。专家团队涵盖医疗、护理、管理、传播等多领域，权威系数高（Cr=0.91），保证了结果的可靠性。层次分析法的应用，科学地揭示了各指标在综合评价中的相对重要性，其中“传播效果”权重最高（0.324 6），符合健康传播的最终目标，也引导机构关注科普的实际影响力而非仅仅满足于“有在做”。
3.2　指标体系的构建赋能基层健康服务，凸显护理专业价值
本研究的首要意义在于将传播学理论与基层卫生实践相结合，为社区卫生服务中心的护理人员提供了一套可量化、可操作的自评与改进工具。该体系响应了“健康中国2030”关于“推动健康教育下沉基层”的号召，有助于实现基层健康服务从“被动诊疗”向“主动健康促进”的战略转型[20]。
社区护士作为居民健康的“守门人”，其提供的科普知识往往更贴近生活、更具实操性。通过指标引导，能促使社区卫生服务中心更加重视护理团队在健康科普中的主力作用，系统规划护理健康教育人才培养与内容建设，从而将护理专业的临床优势转化为社区群体的健康效益，这对于明确护理在健康传播中的专业地位、拓展护理服务内涵具有深远意义。
3.3　指标体系的实用性与实践指导意义
本研究所构建的指标体系权重分布具有明确的实践导向。高权重指标如“传播效果”“受众满意”和“影响力度”，能够引导机构关注科普内容的触达率、接受度和行为改变潜力，这与护理健康教育中强调的“知-信-行”模式高度契合[21]。其中“内容呈现”下的指标，为社区护理管理者提供了配置科普资源、评估护理健康教育产出的具体抓手。
3.4　本研究的局限与展望
本研究仍存在一定局限。首先，专家地域覆盖仍有局限。其次，指标体系尚未进行大范围的实证应用，其敏感性与普适性有待进一步验证。未来研究可在以下方面深入：开展实证研究，验证并优化本指标体系；开发针对社区护士的新媒体科普技能培训路径研究，并将本体系作为培训效果的评估工具。
4　小结
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本研究成功构建了一套兼具科学性与实用性的社区卫生服务中心新媒体健康科普能力评价指标体系，创新性地融合了“5W”传播理论与基层护理健康教育实践，不仅为评估和提升基层健康科普能力提供了量化工具，更对明确和提升护理人员在健康传播中的专业价值与作用具有重要的指导意义。未来将通过实证研究对指标体系进行应用与优化，共同推动基层健康服务能力的整体提升。

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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.13.010
  • 接收时间：2025-09-03
  • 首发时间：2026-10-30
  • 出版时间：2026-07-10
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  • 收稿日期：2025-09-03
  • 修回日期：2026-05-18
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    1山西医科大学，山西 030001

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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