Article(id=1322168646227571143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322168387082502716, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.06.025, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1744560000000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-14, revisedDate=1770566400000, revisedDateStr=2026-02-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793159169966, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1774368000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793159169966, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793159169966, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793159169966, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322168387082502716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='6', pageStart='881', pageEnd='1056', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774368000000', pubDateStr='2026-03-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793159108180, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793159108180, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1048, endPage=1052, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322168646454063560, articleId=1322168646227571143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Application progress on digital mental health technology for clinical nurses, columnId=1220689485315101342, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Review Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This paper summarized the concept and policy background of digital mental health technology,the common psychological disorders among clinical nurses,and the types of digital mental health technology and their application effects in nurses.It discussed the current limitations in application and proposes suggestions for future development.The aim was to provide reference for clinical nurses in selecting effective digital mental health technology and for in-depth research on digital mental health technology in China.

, authors=Qixue AO, Fengqiong QUAN, Peng LIU, Jing LI, Min YAN, authorsList=Qixue AO, Fengqiong QUAN, Peng LIU, Jing LI, Min YAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Fengqiong QUAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
QUAN Fengqiong, E-mail:
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总结数字心理健康技术的概念及政策背景、临床护士常见的心理障碍、数字心理健康技术的类型及其在护士中的应用效果,探讨当前应用中的局限性并提出未来发展建议,以期为临床护士选择有效的数字心理健康技术以及数字健康在我国的深入研究提供参考。

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敖琦雪,护师,硕士研究生

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全凤琼,E-mail:
QUAN Fengqiong, E-mail:
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数字心理健康技术在临床护士中的应用进展
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敖琦雪 , 全凤琼 *, * , 刘鹏 , 李婧 , 颜敏
护理研究 | 科研综述 2026,40(6): 1048-1052
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护理研究 |科研综述 2026 , 40 (6) : 1048 -1052
数字心理健康技术在临床护士中的应用进展
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敖琦雪, 全凤琼*, * , 刘鹏, 李婧, 颜敏
作者信息
  • 1首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院南充医院(南充市中心医院),四川 637000
通讯作者:
全凤琼,E-mail:
QUAN Fengqiong, E-mail:
作者简介:

敖琦雪,护师,硕士研究生

Application progress on digital mental health technology for clinical nurses
Qixue AO, Fengqiong QUAN , Peng LIU, Jing LI, Min YAN
Affiliations
  • 1Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Nanchong Hospital/Nanchong Central Hospital, Sichuan 637000 China
  • Corresponding Author:
    QUAN Fengqiong, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-03-25 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.06.025
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总结数字心理健康技术的概念及政策背景、临床护士常见的心理障碍、数字心理健康技术的类型及其在护士中的应用效果,探讨当前应用中的局限性并提出未来发展建议,以期为临床护士选择有效的数字心理健康技术以及数字健康在我国的深入研究提供参考。

数字心理健康技术  /  临床护士  /  心理障碍  /  人工智能  /  综述

This paper summarized the concept and policy background of digital mental health technology,the common psychological disorders among clinical nurses,and the types of digital mental health technology and their application effects in nurses.It discussed the current limitations in application and proposes suggestions for future development.The aim was to provide reference for clinical nurses in selecting effective digital mental health technology and for in-depth research on digital mental health technology in China.

digital mental health technology  /  clinical nurses  /  psychological disorders  /  artificial intelligence  /  review
敖琦雪, 全凤琼, 刘鹏, 李婧, 颜敏. 数字心理健康技术在临床护士中的应用进展. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (6) : 1048 -1052 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.06.025
Qixue AO, Fengqiong QUAN, Peng LIU, Jing LI, Min YAN. Application progress on digital mental health technology for clinical nurses[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (6) : 1048 -1052 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.06.025
护士是医疗工作中的主力军、健康中国的推动力,承担着护理治疗、病情观察、医患沟通、健康教育等任务,承受着工作和心理双重负荷。已有研究表明,护士长期处于高压环境下,易出现焦虑、抑郁、恐惧、创伤后应激障碍等负性情绪[1],甚至产生离职意愿,继而影响护理质量,不利于病人安全及护理队伍的建设[2]。因此,减轻临床护士的心理负担尤为重要。数字心理健康技术(digital mental health technology)是在突破传统心理干预技术的基础上,利用相关数字技术(如虚拟现实技术、机器人技术、电子健康记录、应用程序等)提供的健康服务[3],可有效改善临床护士焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,减少睡眠不佳及不良健康结局的发生[4]。现对数字心理健康技术在临床护士中的应用现状进行综述,旨在为临床护士选择有效的数字心理健康技术提供参考,并为数字心理健康技术在我国的深入研究提供理论依据和实践指导。
随着数字技术的快速发展,数字心理健康技术应运而生,因其匿名性、便捷性及个性化的优势已成为当前研究热点[5]。数字心理健康技术泛指通过互联网、移动应用程序(如心理健康APP)、虚拟现实及人工智能等数字媒介,实现心理障碍干预与心理健康促进的技术的总称[6]。当前人们对心理健康问题的关注度不断提高,政府和卫生管理部门相继出台了政策以支持其发展。2019年,世界卫生组织(WHO)在《数字健康全球战略报告(2020—2025年)》明确提出利用数字技术改善心理健康服务,并制定了推动全球数字健康发展和与健康领域可持续发展的战略目标[7]。我国也布局了相关健康战略,党的十八届五中全会首次提出“健康中国”构想,后续发布的《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》进一步强调“互联网+医疗健康”模式在心理健康服务中的应用。这些政策不仅为数字心理健康技术的发展和应用提供了有力的支持和保障[8],更标志着数字心理健康服务已上升至公共卫生战略层面。
《中国国民心理健康发展报告(2019—2020)》[9]数据显示,我国医务工作者心理健康问题呈风险态势,其中临床护士心理健康问题尤为突出,不仅会威胁其个人健康,还会影响病人的医疗质量和安全。多种因素综合影响导致护士普遍存在心理问题,常见的问题包括焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍和职业倦怠综合征。焦虑症和抑郁症在护士中的发病率较高,与其长期面对病患痛苦、生死抉择以及高强度轮班工作密切相关。创伤后应激障碍在急诊科和重症监护室护士中尤为常见,主要由于反复经历创伤性事件导致。职业倦怠综合征表现为情感资源枯竭、去人格化倾向及自我效能感衰减三联征,会严重影响护士的工作效率和生活质量。当护士工作压力过大、情绪疲惫过重、自我调节机制不堪重负时,易出现心理平衡失调等身心症状[10]。故采取有效措施预防和干预护士的心理障碍成为医疗机构管理的迫切需求。
虚拟现实技术是一种以计算机技术为核心支撑,能够生成交互式三维动态视景与实体行为仿真系统的虚拟环境构建技术[11],用户借助头戴式显示器、动作捕捉设备、键盘等交互装置,可在虚拟环境中获得高度仿真的感官体验,这种沉浸特性使其在情绪调节方面展现出独特优势,有利于改善用户情感体验,增加积极情绪。有研究者利用虚拟现实技术对32名医护人员进行干预,结果显示,基于虚拟现实技术的冥想是可行的正念干预方式[12]。但在现实情况下,虚拟现实技术的应用存在一系列限制,如设备昂贵、需要专业人员指导、场地固定、易引发眩晕、内容不够丰富等,故在使用虚拟现实技术进行心理干预时,必须综合考虑个体差异与实际应用场景。随着未来硬件轻量化、5G云渲染等技术的突破,虚拟现实技术有望实现更自然的交互、更逼真的体验及更精细的拟真度,其在教育认知训练、远程医疗康复、虚拟社交等领域的深度应用或将推动该技术发展,成为下一代普适性的人机交互平台。
当前智能手机使用者逐渐增多,有学者认为,智能手机应用程序可能对改善心理健康具有重要作用,其对诊断和监测精神状况、提供精神疾病咨询和治疗具有推动作用,有利于改善用户精神健康[13]。传统心理健康服务易受时间、地点、空间等限制,对于工作强度大且作息不规律的护士群体而言存在较大限制[14],而手机应用程序可突破时间及空间限制,其配合多元化的服务模式和丰富的资源库,能够为医护人员提供更具弹性的心理健康支持。同时,护士可根据自己的实际需求选择或定制服务板块,有利于满足其自主性要求,提高其参与干预方案的积极,进而有利于缓解其负性情绪及工作压力[15]。Guo等[16]研究通过微信平台对35名护士实施“三件好事”积极心理干预,结果显示,基于移动端的积极心理治疗能降低护士职业倦怠,提升自我效能感,增强工作投入度,对改善心理健康具有持续效益。但就目前而言,手机应用程序可能存在缺乏专业人员实时指导、用户隐私和数据安全缺乏保障、长期依从性不明确、个性化程度不足、多样化需求难以满足等问题。未来需不断探索和完善手机应用程序,提高其在心理健康干预中的多样性、安全性和精准性。
人工智能是指计算机模拟人类大脑的活动,能够感知外界环境,拥有理解、推理、学习、思考和解决问题的能力[17]。在护士心理健康领域,人工智能技术的介入可为护士提供创新解决方案并展现出多种应用价值。通过人工智能情感识别系统,可实时分析护士的语言、微表情及生理指标,实现早期预警;智能聊天机器人不仅能提供全天的保密情感支持,还可运用认知行为疗法进行人性化心理疏导;基于机器学习的工作排班优化算法,能从管理层面预防职业倦怠,提升护理团队整体幸福感。人工智能的探索可追溯至1966年,Joseph Weizenbaum开发的ELIZA程序首次证明了机器模拟心理治疗的可行性。现阶段,越来越多的研究者投入“识别人心”的人工智能研究中,致力于构建具备情感识别、共情反馈和情感表达能力的智能系统[18]。随着情感计算技术和数字疗法的深度发展,人工智能或将成为护士心理健康的“数字免疫系统”,不仅可用于及时干预,更能通过模拟压力场景训练增强医护人员心理抗压能力,推动心理健康管理模式从被动应对向主动防御升级。
互联网心理干预是应用最广泛的数字心理健康服务形式,可通过多种渠道(网页、电子邮件、社交媒体等)为用户提供心理支持、评估及干预[19],该技术可承载多种循证心理干预方案,如正念训练、网络认知行为疗法(iCBT)、冥想指导及在线心理咨询等。相较于传统线下干预,互联网具有不受时空限制的便捷性、访问方式灵活性等优势,能有效降低用户的负面情绪,同时改善治疗依从性[20]。Bolier等[21]利用互联网技术提供了一个基于认知行为疗法的模块,主要是将健康监视模块、自动的个性化反馈和在线干预进行组件,其实施路径包括向用户发送个性化干预链接、配合在线问卷评估完成心理健康干预等,结果显示,这种基于互联网的认知行为疗法具有可操作性和实践价值。但目前开展的互联网心理干预可能因复杂性和过度选择导致参与度降低,或因治疗师可用的在线干预措施缺乏导致用户流失,许多心理干预方式不能长期实施。将互联网与人工智能、实时情绪监测系统相结合可能会成为未来护士心理健康管理的重要发展方向。
临床护士作为医疗体系的一线工作者,其情绪状态受到多种因素影响,常面临焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪困扰。已有研究结果显示,在新型冠状病毒感染防控期间,护士的焦虑及抑郁症发病率分别高达31.93%及32.59%[22]。为改善护士的不良情绪状态,研究者将数字心理健康技术应用于临床护士。Hwang等[23]针对56名临床护士开展了基于手机应用程序的心理健康干预,程序中涉及多种干预方式,如音乐疗法、正念冥想、呼吸训练和瑜伽课程,且其每周会推送心理健康科普内容(如饮食调节、运动益处等),结果显示,护士的情绪得到了积极调节,焦虑情绪得以缓解。Lu等[24]利用微信平台中的免费“雨课堂”应用程序,采用接纳与承诺疗法(ACT)对护士进行为期5周的干预,主要包括开放行为、观察心灵、意义生活、价值澄清及承诺行动5个模块,每周一提供专题课程(含理论讲解、情境角色扮演)和家庭作业(正念练习)2个单元,结果显示,该干预方式可降低临床护士的焦虑、抑郁水平。
高压的工作环境、繁重的工作和病人增多的护理情感需求可导致护士职业倦怠,严重影响护士身心健康及护理质量。已有研究表明,全球范围内护士职业倦怠患病率已高达30%,且呈持续上升趋势[25]。鉴于轮班工作制度往往使传统的干预措施难以有效实施,Baek等[26]创新性地利用人工智能算法为临床护士量身定制了一套为期4周的个性化职业疲惫缓解干预方案,该方案通过移动应用程序“护士康复空间”进行干预,包含正念冥想、接受与承诺疗法、讲故事与反思性写作、笑声疗法4个核心模块,结果显示,这种基于人工智能的个性化干预措施可以降低护士的职业疲劳水平,为临床护士提供一种高效、便捷的心理支持途径。
护士职业压力较大,加之情绪负荷过重、精神高度紧张及体力透支等,会对其的健康和福祉造成破坏性影响,压力也是造成护士职业自然减员和普遍短缺的主要因素。为此,Hersch等[27]以6所医院的104名临床护士为研究对象,设计了一项基于互联网的压力管理干预项目,包含用户单元(欢迎、课程介绍、压力评估、压力源识别、压力管理、消极应对规避及心理健康维护)和管理员专用单元(工作场所压力源识别与积极管理策略),护士可通过电脑或移动设备访问在线课程,结果显示,该干预措施可降低护士的工作压力水平,且对资深护士的减压效果尤为显著。Pratt等[28]设计了1个为期4周的自我指导式正念项目,每天提供定制化音频、视频正念训练内容,并按周设置主题,辅以将正念技巧融入日常生活的实用建议,结果显示,基于互联网的正念干预可降低临床护士的压力及心理困扰。
工作参与度是职业心理健康领域的重要议题,工作积极性是其核心指标。近年来,随着数字化技术的发展,基于互联网的低成本、高效干预措施逐渐被用于提升工作参与度和积极性。有研究者针对医疗行业的高压特性,通过互联网平台对1 256名护士开展压力管理计划,该研究创新性地开发了ABC压力管理应用程序,包含两种差异化的干预方案,其中,自主选择式方案(程序A)改良自在线压力管理计划,可提供多模块自由组合模式,允许参与者按需选择模块并自主安排学习顺序;结构化方案(程序B)基于认知行为疗法构建标准化课程,要求参与者按预设顺序每周完成1个模块,结果表明,这种基于智能手机平台的认知行为疗法压力管理可提升护士的工作参与水平,并可有效增强其工作积极性[29]。
急危重症科室的护士长期暴露在持续的压力之中,其职业风险往往高于普通科室护士,成为创伤后应激障碍的高危群体。调查数据显示,重症监护室护士的创伤后应激障碍发生率为5%~75%[30],急诊科护士为18%~44%[31]。针对这一现象,有研究者采用基于数字技术的心理干预方案,对新型冠状病毒感染防控期间经历创伤事件的护士进行干预,该方案通过评估创伤相关侵入性事件,利用心理旋转技术(mental rotation)结合远程研究支持,可有效减少创伤记忆的自主入侵频率,其通过短信和电子平台(SmartTrial版本)每日发送4次数字链接,用于记录侵入性记忆,并针对个体化侵入性事件制定精准干预措施,结果表明,这种数字日记式心理干预不仅具有较高的可行性与可接受性,更能降低护士的创伤后应激障碍水平[32]。Patel等[33]基于记忆神经科学中的存储与更新机制(即记忆整合与重构理论),结合认知任务干扰原理,创新性地利用互联网平台对重症监护室护士实施数字化图像干预,通过引导受试者参与视觉空间任务,有效促进了创伤记忆的巩固与重构,这一新型干预方式能够降低侵入性记忆的发生频率和强度,同时可以改善认知功能、增强情绪调节能力,并对创伤后应激障碍症状具有缓解作用。
随着社会经济发展和健康观念的普及,人们对生活品质的要求不断提升,医疗从业者的身心健康问题也逐渐受到重视。已有研究结果显示,在新型冠状病毒感染期间,超过1/3的护士存在失眠症状,前线护士中有26.67%的护士患有严重的失眠症,60%的护士睡眠质量较差[34]。为应对这一挑战,研究者通过互联网实施接纳承诺疗法自助循环心理干预,包含6个结构化在线课程,遵循“起承转合”的传统叙事逻辑,即每节课依次通过设置明确目标、引导参与者反思过去与现状、促进认知行为转变最终落实到具体实践,其独特之处在于融合了我国道家哲学的核心思想,如“顺应自然”“身心合一”等理念,临床实践证实,该干预对改善护士的心理健康具有多重效益,如提升睡眠质量、改善心理灵活性,表现为对工作压力的适应能力增强、负面情绪减少;且研究结果显示,干预还可缓解护士的强迫症状[35],这为心理干预在职业人群中的应用提供了研究方向。
数字健康技术的快速发展为传统医疗体系中长期存在的资源短缺、服务低效等问题提供了解决路径,正在重构现代健康服务体系的结构与功能[36]。作为数字健康技术的重要分支,数字心理健康技术在临床护理领域的应用已取得一定成效,但仍面临挑战。1)技术验证的充分性亟待加强:部分心理健康应用程序缺乏严谨的实证研究支持和科学依据,可能存在误导用户的风险,其临床有效性和安全性有待进一步检测。2)隐私和数据安全问题亟待解决:用户在使用相关技术时可能担心个人信息泄露,从而影响其使用依从性。3)数字鸿沟问题不容忽视:不同年龄和技术素养的护理人员使用体验不同,部分护士可能难以适应新技术,导致服务可及性不均。4)现有研究的科学性和系统性有待提升:主要表现为样本代表性不足、干预方案标准化程度低、长期随访数据缺乏等。
针对局限性,提出以下优化建议:1)建立多层次的技术评估体系,以加强数字心理健康技术的标准化和监管水平,确保其科学性和有效性。建议由有关部门牵头制定数字心理健康技术的准入条件。2)构建全方位的数据安全保护网络,完善数据保护法规和技术措施,通过强化加密技术和明确责任等方式增强用户对隐私保护的信心。3)实施差异化的数字素养及能力提升计划。医疗机构应重视对护士的数字素养培训,针对不同技术水平的护士设计阶梯式的数字能力培养体系,以帮助护士更好地适应和使用这些技术,同时应开发对用户更加友好的界面和功能,降低使用门槛。4)建议加强跨学科协同创新,整合心理学、护理学和计算机科学等领域的专业优势,开发更加精准和个性化的数字心理健康解决方案。
数字医疗目前正处于蓬勃发展阶段,受到学术界、产业界及政策制定者的广泛关注。数字心理健康技术对临床护士干预效果较为明显,可有效改善护士的负性情绪及心理创伤,并提高工作满意度,对压力和职业倦怠有积极调节作用。但该领域研究仍处于初步探索阶段,未来研究需基于我国医疗卫生体系特点,结合本土化人口学特征,深入开展实证研究。可进一步推动数字医疗与心理健康服务的深度融合,最终实现护理人力资源的可持续发展。

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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.06.025
  • 接收时间:2025-04-14
  • 首发时间:2026-10-28
  • 出版时间:2026-03-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-14
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    1首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院南充医院(南充市中心医院),四川 637000

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全凤琼,E-mail:
QUAN Fengqiong, E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/hlyj/CN/10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.06.025
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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