Article(id=1322167780498068173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, issueId=1322167714660078002, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.02.015, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1739894400000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-19, revisedDate=1766505600000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-24, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793158963560, onlineDateStr=2026-10-28, pubDate=1769270400000, pubDateStr=2026-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793158963560, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793158963560, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793158963560, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322167714660078002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, year='2026', volume='40', issue='2', pageStart='177', pageEnd='352', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1769270400000', pubDateStr='2026-01-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793158947863, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793158947863, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=294, endPage=301, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322167781882188496, articleId=1322167780498068173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=EN, title=Construction and application of an intervention protocol combining exercise and compression therapy for chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients, columnId=1220689488284668633, journalTitle=Chinese Nursing Research, columnName=Comprehensive Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To construct an intervention protocol combining exercise and compression therapy for chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN) in breast cancer patients and to analyze its application effects.

Methods

Patients receiving chemotherapy in 3 wards of the breast surgery department at a tertiary grade A hospital in Henan Province were selected as the study subjects by convenience sampling from November 2022 to September 2023.Based on admission time and a lottery method,breast cancer patients were divided into control group,exercise group,compression group,and combination group.Based on the health action process approach(HAPA) theory,an intervention protocol combining exercise and compression therapy for CIPN in breast cancer patients was constructed through literature review,semi-structured interviews,and Delphi expert consultation.The control group received routine nursing care in the breast surgery department.The exercise group,compression group,and combination group respectively implemented the exercise therapy,compression therapy,and combined exercise and compression therapy intervention protocols in addition to routine nursing care.The incidence and severity of CIPN,CIPN symptom experience,impact on daily life,and balance function were compared among the 4 groups after 4 chemotherapy cycles.

Results

During the study,10 patients dropped out,resulting in 33 patients each in the control and compression groups,and 32 patients each in the exercise and combination groups.After the intervention,there were statistically significant differences in terms of incidence and severity of sensory and motor neuropathy as well as the fall risk rate among patients in 4 groups(all P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the compression group and the combination group showed statistically significant differences in terms of incidence and severity of sensory and motor neuropathy as well as the fall risk rate among patients(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in terms of incidence and severity of sensory and motor neuropathy as well as the fall risk rate among patients in 4 groups(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in terms of total scores and subscale scores of the Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool among the 4 groups after the intervention(all P<0.05).Statistically significant differences were found in the pairwise comparisons of total scores and subscale scores of the Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool among the 4 groups(all P<0.05).

Conclusions

Both compression therapy and the combination of exercise and compression therapy could reduce the incidence and severity of CIPN in breast cancer patients.Both compression therapy and the combination of exercise and compression therapy could also improve balance function,CIPN symptom experience,and the impact of CIPN on daily life in breast cancer patients.Moreover,the combination of exercise and compression therapy is more effective than either single therapy in improving CIPN symptom experience and its impact on daily life of patients.

, authors=Sinuo CHEN1, Bo LI2, Zhen LI3, Xingge LIU2, Zhipei HAN3, Ya'nan WEI3, Yan XU3, authorsList=Sinuo CHEN, Bo LI, Zhen LI, Xingge LIU, Zhipei HAN, Ya'nan WEI, Yan XU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhen LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
LI Zhen, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322167783476024017, articleId=1322167780498068173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, language=CN, title=乳腺癌病人化疗致周围神经病变运动联合压迫疗法干预方案的构建及应用, columnId=1220689488938980091, journalTitle=护理研究, columnName=综合研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

构建乳腺癌病人化疗致周围神经病变(CIPN)运动联合压迫疗法干预方案并分析其应用效果。

方法

采用便利抽样法,选取2022年11月—2023年9月在河南省某三级甲等医院乳腺外科3个病区接受化疗的病人作为研究对象,按入院时间结合抽签法将乳腺癌病人分为对照组、运动组、压迫组和联合组。以健康行动过程取向(HAPA)理论为基础,通过文献回顾、半结构化访谈、德尔菲专家函询构建乳腺癌病人CIPN运动联合压迫疗法干预方案,对照组接受乳腺外科常规护理,运动组、压迫组和联合组在常规护理的基础上分别实施运动疗法、压迫疗法、运动联合压迫疗法干预方案。比较4个化疗周期后4组病人CIPN发生率及严重程度、CIPN症状体验及对日常生活的影响、平衡功能。

结果

研究过程中共脱落10例病人,最终对照组、压迫组各纳入33例病人,运动组、联合组各纳入32例病人。4组病人干预后的感觉神经病变与运动神经病变发生率和严重程度、跌倒风险率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);压迫组、联合组分别与对照组比较,感觉神经病变与运动神经病变发生率和严重程度、跌倒风险率均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。4组病人干预后的CIPN评估工具总分及分量表得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);4组CIPN评估工具总分及分量表得分两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。

结论

压迫疗法和运动联合压迫疗法均可降低乳腺癌病人CIPN发生率及严重程度,改善病人平衡功能、CIPN症状体验及其对日常生活的影响,且运动联合压迫疗法在改善病人CIPN症状体验及其对日常生活的影响方面效果优于单一疗法。

, authors=陈思诺1, 李博2, 李珍3, *, *, 刘星歌2, 韩智培3, 魏亚楠3, 许研3, authorsList=陈思诺, 李博, 李珍, 刘星歌, 韩智培, 魏亚楠, 许研, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李珍, authorNote=

陈思诺,护师,硕士研究生

, correspAuthorsNote=
李珍,E-mail:
LI Zhen, E-mail:
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rfNumber=26, rfOrder=25, authorNames=ZHANG Y H, HU H Y, XIONG Y C, journalName=Front Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Y H,HU H Y,XIONG Y C,et al.Exercise for neuropathic pain:a systematic review and expert consensus[J].Front Med,2021,8:756940., articleTitle=Exercise for neuropathic pain:a systematic review and expert consensus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322529856584266513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=26, authorNames=于淼, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=于淼.平衡训练对老年小鼠神经肌肉接头形态及运动表现的影响[D].长春:东北师范大学,2021., articleTitle=平衡训练对老年小鼠神经肌肉接头形态及运动表现的影响, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322529840020959922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, xref=1, 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articleId=1322167780498068173, companyId=1322529840218092216, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3河南省人民医院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322529847994331880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Intervention protocol combining exercise and compression therapy for CIPN in breast cancer patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标重要性(x¯±s,分)变异系数
Ⅰ 无意向阶段(动机干预)4.62±0.500.11
Ⅰ-1 获得危险感知4.94±0.250.05
Ⅰ-1-1 向病人讲解CIPN相关知识,包括发病率、临床表现、危险因素及不良后果等5.00±0.000.00
Ⅰ-1-2 邀请CIPN病人分享自己的症状经历和心理感受4.75±0.450.09
Ⅰ-2 积极结果预期4.56±0.630.14
Ⅰ-2-1 通过发放干预手册、播放视频和讲解PPT等形式与病人分享权威信息,告知健康相关行为对病人的益处,增强病人自我管理效能感,强化成功体验5.00±0.000.00
Ⅰ-2-2 帮助病人明确CIPN的控制方法和护理目标5.00±0.000.00
Ⅰ-3 培养自我效能4.56±0.510.11
Ⅰ-3-1 以微信群形式建立病友俱乐部,加强病友间的沟通交流、互相监督,增强战胜疾病的信心4.81±0.400.08
Ⅰ-3-2 教会病人放松的技巧和方法,缓解焦虑情绪,对自己的健康状态持有积极态度4.63±0.500.11
Ⅱ 意向阶段(计划干预)5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-1 加强安全评估5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-1-1 健康评估:一般资料、疾病相关资料、生活方式、用药史、禁忌证、EOCG评分5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-1-2 外科手套过敏测试5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-2 制定行动计划5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-2-1 制定院内化疗手、足压迫计划(4次住院化疗):输注紫杉类药物前30 min、输注时以及输注结束后30 min双手佩戴2只小一号的外科手套,双足穿低延展性医用弹力袜4.88±0.340.07
Ⅱ-2-2 运动处方:有氧运动、抗阻运动、平衡运动等多模式运动训练
1)运动形式、强度:
①有氧运动方面,根据病人训练条件及习惯选择有氧运动形式,如慢跑、跳操、骑自行车等,强度为储备心率(HRR)的40%~60%
②抗阻运动方面,如弹力带练习,包括站姿前平举、髋外展、站姿臂弯举、坐姿提膝、坐姿推胸和站姿侧平举,强度为一次重复最大重量(1RM)的50%~70%
③平衡运动方面,串联站立、串联步行、单腿站立、双臂伸展单腿站立,根据病人情况配合闭眼和躯体旋转动作
2)运动时间、频率、周期:
①化疗间歇期一,有氧运动方面,第1周每日15~20 min,第2周和第3周每日20~30 min,每周≥3 d;抗阻运动方面,第1周徒手练习,第2周和第3周弹力带抗阻练习,每组8~12次,每日2组,每周2 d;平衡运动方面,每日20 min,每周2 d
②化疗间歇期二,有氧运动方面,每日25~30 min,每周≥3 d;抗阻运动方面,每组8~12次,每日3组,每周3 d;平衡运动方面,每日20 min,每周2 d
③化疗间歇期三,有氧运动方面,每日≥30 min,每周≥5 d;抗阻运动方面,每组8~12次,每日3组,每周3 d;平衡运动方面,每日20 min,每周2 d
④化疗间歇期四,同化疗间歇期三
4.75±0.450.09
Ⅱ-3 制定应对计划4.94±0.250.05
Ⅱ-3-1 遵循循序渐进的原则,可以持续运动直至达到推荐的时间,也可以在一天中以每次运动时间≥10 min的形式多次运动直至达到推荐的时间4.69±0.480.10
Ⅱ-3-2 基于病人耐受性对运动处方进行调整,若病人不能耐受则返回至上一间歇期运动方案4.56±0.510.11
Ⅱ-4 保持自我效能5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-4-1 与病人共同探讨行动过程中遇到的问题,寻找解决问题的方法,制定应对措施,使其树立信心5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-4-2 鼓励病人做出承诺,向家人、朋友宣布行为改变想法,帮助监督4.56±0.510.11
Ⅱ-4-3 组建团队,邀请其他乳腺癌病人加入小组,互相交流、鼓励、监督4.81±0.400.08
Ⅱ-4-4 给予病人积极鼓励和心理暗示,使其持之以恒坚持运动4.50±0.630.14
Ⅲ 行动阶段(行为干预)4.94±0.250.05
Ⅲ-1 恢复自我效能4.94±0.250.05
Ⅲ-1-1 产生:对健康行为中止者,邀请坚持运动者与其进行交流,分享运动带来的益处以及坚持运动的心得体会,使其产生健康行为4.56±0.510.11
Ⅲ-1-2 保持:对坚持健康行为改变者,给予奖励,使其维持健康行为5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-1-3 恢复:与健康行为倒退者进行沟通,分析原因,制定应对措施,使其恢复健康行为4.62±0.500.11
Ⅲ-2 加强行动监测4.63±0.500.11
Ⅲ-2-1 指(趾)尖温度:压迫前及压迫结束后15~20 min研究人员使用红外线测温仪测量指(趾)尖温度,对比戴手套、脚套前后温度改变情况4.56±0.510.11
Ⅲ-2-2 心率:手环监测,中强度运动为储备心率的40%~60%5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-2-3 填写运动日志,将运动数据上传至APP4.62±0.500.11
Ⅲ-2-4 每日通过微信推送消息(主要包括运动提醒、激励性话语、禁忌证、应急方案等),每个化疗间歇期进行1次电话随访5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-3 落实行动计划5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-3-1 由研究者和经过培训的护士为病人佩戴手套、脚套,判断松紧度及是否发生不良反应5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-3-2 由康复师及研究者进行动作示范,病人出院前进行整套动作考核,判定是否合格4.50±0.630.14
Ⅲ-3-3 病人每次返院化疗时进行动作回示,康复师及研究者进行观察指导,动作不标准者给予纠正5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-4 运动注意事项4.94±0.250.05
Ⅲ-4-1 选择安全的运动场所,避免人流量大、空气差的环境,运动前至少进行5 min的热身运动,运动后进行拉伸放松训练4.88±0.340.07
Ⅲ-4-2 运动应遵循循序渐进、量力而行的原则,有氧运动每次时间上限为60 min;抗阻运动组间休息1~3 min;平衡运动每个动作坚持20 s,尽可能保持静止,随后休息至少40 s,重复3次后休息2 min,继续下个动作5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-4-3 穿宽松的衣物、防滑的鞋子,运动后及时更换潮湿衣物4.94±0.250.05
Ⅲ-4-4 餐后30 min运动,恶心、呕吐者适当延长时间,避免引起消化道不良反应;化疗后3~4 d进行低强度训练5.00±0.000.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322529848082412265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

乳腺癌病人CIPN运动联合压迫疗法干预方案

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标重要性(x¯±s,分)变异系数
Ⅰ 无意向阶段(动机干预)4.62±0.500.11
Ⅰ-1 获得危险感知4.94±0.250.05
Ⅰ-1-1 向病人讲解CIPN相关知识,包括发病率、临床表现、危险因素及不良后果等5.00±0.000.00
Ⅰ-1-2 邀请CIPN病人分享自己的症状经历和心理感受4.75±0.450.09
Ⅰ-2 积极结果预期4.56±0.630.14
Ⅰ-2-1 通过发放干预手册、播放视频和讲解PPT等形式与病人分享权威信息,告知健康相关行为对病人的益处,增强病人自我管理效能感,强化成功体验5.00±0.000.00
Ⅰ-2-2 帮助病人明确CIPN的控制方法和护理目标5.00±0.000.00
Ⅰ-3 培养自我效能4.56±0.510.11
Ⅰ-3-1 以微信群形式建立病友俱乐部,加强病友间的沟通交流、互相监督,增强战胜疾病的信心4.81±0.400.08
Ⅰ-3-2 教会病人放松的技巧和方法,缓解焦虑情绪,对自己的健康状态持有积极态度4.63±0.500.11
Ⅱ 意向阶段(计划干预)5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-1 加强安全评估5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-1-1 健康评估:一般资料、疾病相关资料、生活方式、用药史、禁忌证、EOCG评分5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-1-2 外科手套过敏测试5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-2 制定行动计划5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-2-1 制定院内化疗手、足压迫计划(4次住院化疗):输注紫杉类药物前30 min、输注时以及输注结束后30 min双手佩戴2只小一号的外科手套,双足穿低延展性医用弹力袜4.88±0.340.07
Ⅱ-2-2 运动处方:有氧运动、抗阻运动、平衡运动等多模式运动训练
1)运动形式、强度:
①有氧运动方面,根据病人训练条件及习惯选择有氧运动形式,如慢跑、跳操、骑自行车等,强度为储备心率(HRR)的40%~60%
②抗阻运动方面,如弹力带练习,包括站姿前平举、髋外展、站姿臂弯举、坐姿提膝、坐姿推胸和站姿侧平举,强度为一次重复最大重量(1RM)的50%~70%
③平衡运动方面,串联站立、串联步行、单腿站立、双臂伸展单腿站立,根据病人情况配合闭眼和躯体旋转动作
2)运动时间、频率、周期:
①化疗间歇期一,有氧运动方面,第1周每日15~20 min,第2周和第3周每日20~30 min,每周≥3 d;抗阻运动方面,第1周徒手练习,第2周和第3周弹力带抗阻练习,每组8~12次,每日2组,每周2 d;平衡运动方面,每日20 min,每周2 d
②化疗间歇期二,有氧运动方面,每日25~30 min,每周≥3 d;抗阻运动方面,每组8~12次,每日3组,每周3 d;平衡运动方面,每日20 min,每周2 d
③化疗间歇期三,有氧运动方面,每日≥30 min,每周≥5 d;抗阻运动方面,每组8~12次,每日3组,每周3 d;平衡运动方面,每日20 min,每周2 d
④化疗间歇期四,同化疗间歇期三
4.75±0.450.09
Ⅱ-3 制定应对计划4.94±0.250.05
Ⅱ-3-1 遵循循序渐进的原则,可以持续运动直至达到推荐的时间,也可以在一天中以每次运动时间≥10 min的形式多次运动直至达到推荐的时间4.69±0.480.10
Ⅱ-3-2 基于病人耐受性对运动处方进行调整,若病人不能耐受则返回至上一间歇期运动方案4.56±0.510.11
Ⅱ-4 保持自我效能5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-4-1 与病人共同探讨行动过程中遇到的问题,寻找解决问题的方法,制定应对措施,使其树立信心5.00±0.000.00
Ⅱ-4-2 鼓励病人做出承诺,向家人、朋友宣布行为改变想法,帮助监督4.56±0.510.11
Ⅱ-4-3 组建团队,邀请其他乳腺癌病人加入小组,互相交流、鼓励、监督4.81±0.400.08
Ⅱ-4-4 给予病人积极鼓励和心理暗示,使其持之以恒坚持运动4.50±0.630.14
Ⅲ 行动阶段(行为干预)4.94±0.250.05
Ⅲ-1 恢复自我效能4.94±0.250.05
Ⅲ-1-1 产生:对健康行为中止者,邀请坚持运动者与其进行交流,分享运动带来的益处以及坚持运动的心得体会,使其产生健康行为4.56±0.510.11
Ⅲ-1-2 保持:对坚持健康行为改变者,给予奖励,使其维持健康行为5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-1-3 恢复:与健康行为倒退者进行沟通,分析原因,制定应对措施,使其恢复健康行为4.62±0.500.11
Ⅲ-2 加强行动监测4.63±0.500.11
Ⅲ-2-1 指(趾)尖温度:压迫前及压迫结束后15~20 min研究人员使用红外线测温仪测量指(趾)尖温度,对比戴手套、脚套前后温度改变情况4.56±0.510.11
Ⅲ-2-2 心率:手环监测,中强度运动为储备心率的40%~60%5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-2-3 填写运动日志,将运动数据上传至APP4.62±0.500.11
Ⅲ-2-4 每日通过微信推送消息(主要包括运动提醒、激励性话语、禁忌证、应急方案等),每个化疗间歇期进行1次电话随访5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-3 落实行动计划5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-3-1 由研究者和经过培训的护士为病人佩戴手套、脚套,判断松紧度及是否发生不良反应5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-3-2 由康复师及研究者进行动作示范,病人出院前进行整套动作考核,判定是否合格4.50±0.630.14
Ⅲ-3-3 病人每次返院化疗时进行动作回示,康复师及研究者进行观察指导,动作不标准者给予纠正5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-4 运动注意事项4.94±0.250.05
Ⅲ-4-1 选择安全的运动场所,避免人流量大、空气差的环境,运动前至少进行5 min的热身运动,运动后进行拉伸放松训练4.88±0.340.07
Ⅲ-4-2 运动应遵循循序渐进、量力而行的原则,有氧运动每次时间上限为60 min;抗阻运动组间休息1~3 min;平衡运动每个动作坚持20 s,尽可能保持静止,随后休息至少40 s,重复3次后休息2 min,继续下个动作5.00±0.000.00
Ⅲ-4-3 穿宽松的衣物、防滑的鞋子,运动后及时更换潮湿衣物4.94±0.250.05
Ⅲ-4-4 餐后30 min运动,恶心、呕吐者适当延长时间,避免引起消化道不良反应;化疗后3~4 d进行低强度训练5.00±0.000.00
), ArticleFig(id=1322529848170492650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of general data among the 4 groups of patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目对照组(n=33)运动组(n=32)压迫组(n=33)联合组(n=32)P
年龄(岁)45.82±7.0644.88±6.2146.55±6.0545.94±7.410.794
体质指数(kg/m2)24.09±2.7823.79±2.4723.84±2.6523.55±2.440.870
ECOG评分[例(%)] 0分30(90.9)30(93.8)28(84.8)29(90.6)0.738
1分3(9.1)2(6.2)5(15.2)3(9.4)
受教育程度[例(%)] 初中及以下20(60.6)18(56.2)20(60.6)17(53.1)
高中或中专3(9.1)7(21.9)4(12.1)5(15.6)0.944
专科及以上10(30.3)7(21.9)9(27.3)10(31.3)
TNM病理分期[例(%)] Ⅰ期4(12.1)3(9.4)2(6.1)2(6.2)
Ⅱ期18(54.5)17(53.1)19(57.6)16(50.0)0.959
Ⅲ期11(33.3)12(37.5)12(36.4)14(43.8)
分子分型[例(%)] Luminal A型15(45.5)14(43.8)19(57.6)16(50.0)
Luminal B型7(21.2)6(18.8)6(18.2)8(25.0)0.971
HER2阳性4(12.1)5(15.6)3(9.1)4(12.5)
三阴型7(21.2)7(21.9)5(15.2)4(12.5)
化疗方案[例(%)] 表柔比星和环磷酰胺-白蛋白结合型紫杉醇5(15.2)3(9.4)4(12.1)4(12.5)
白蛋白结合型紫杉醇+表柔比星9(27.3)6(18.8)8(24.2)9(28.1)0.978
白蛋白结合型紫杉醇+环磷酰胺7(21.2)7(21.9)9(27.3)6(18.8)
白蛋白结合型紫杉醇+卡铂12(36.4)16(50.0)12(36.4)13(40.6)
合并慢性病[例(%)] 是4(12.1)2(6.2)6(18.2)3(9.4)0.529
否29(87.9)30(93.8)27(81.8)29(90.6)
手术[例(%)] 是26(78.8)27(84.4)25(75.8)26(81.2)0.846
否7(21.2)5(15.6)8(24.2)6(18.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1322529848254378731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

4组病人一般资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目对照组(n=33)运动组(n=32)压迫组(n=33)联合组(n=32)P
年龄(岁)45.82±7.0644.88±6.2146.55±6.0545.94±7.410.794
体质指数(kg/m2)24.09±2.7823.79±2.4723.84±2.6523.55±2.440.870
ECOG评分[例(%)] 0分30(90.9)30(93.8)28(84.8)29(90.6)0.738
1分3(9.1)2(6.2)5(15.2)3(9.4)
受教育程度[例(%)] 初中及以下20(60.6)18(56.2)20(60.6)17(53.1)
高中或中专3(9.1)7(21.9)4(12.1)5(15.6)0.944
专科及以上10(30.3)7(21.9)9(27.3)10(31.3)
TNM病理分期[例(%)] Ⅰ期4(12.1)3(9.4)2(6.1)2(6.2)
Ⅱ期18(54.5)17(53.1)19(57.6)16(50.0)0.959
Ⅲ期11(33.3)12(37.5)12(36.4)14(43.8)
分子分型[例(%)] Luminal A型15(45.5)14(43.8)19(57.6)16(50.0)
Luminal B型7(21.2)6(18.8)6(18.2)8(25.0)0.971
HER2阳性4(12.1)5(15.6)3(9.1)4(12.5)
三阴型7(21.2)7(21.9)5(15.2)4(12.5)
化疗方案[例(%)] 表柔比星和环磷酰胺-白蛋白结合型紫杉醇5(15.2)3(9.4)4(12.1)4(12.5)
白蛋白结合型紫杉醇+表柔比星9(27.3)6(18.8)8(24.2)9(28.1)0.978
白蛋白结合型紫杉醇+环磷酰胺7(21.2)7(21.9)9(27.3)6(18.8)
白蛋白结合型紫杉醇+卡铂12(36.4)16(50.0)12(36.4)13(40.6)
合并慢性病[例(%)] 是4(12.1)2(6.2)6(18.2)3(9.4)0.529
否29(87.9)30(93.8)27(81.8)29(90.6)
手术[例(%)] 是26(78.8)27(84.4)25(75.8)26(81.2)0.846
否7(21.2)5(15.6)8(24.2)6(18.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1322529851794371308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comparison of CIPN incidence among the 4 groups of patients after intervention

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数感觉神经病变运动神经病变
对照组3321(63.6)18(54.5)
运动组3213(40.6)10(31.3)
压迫组339(27.3)①6(18.2)①
联合组326(18.8)①4(12.5)①
χ2值15.99016.564
P<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322529851878257389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

4组病人干预后CIPN发生率比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数感觉神经病变运动神经病变
对照组3321(63.6)18(54.5)
运动组3213(40.6)10(31.3)
压迫组339(27.3)①6(18.2)①
联合组326(18.8)①4(12.5)①
χ2值15.99016.564
P<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322529851970532078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison of sensory neuropathy severity among the 4 groups of patients after intervention

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数1级2级3级4级5级
对照组2169600
运动组1346300
压迫组935100
联合组642000
), ArticleFig(id=1322529852058612463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

4组病人干预后感觉神经病变严重程度比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数1级2级3级4级5级
对照组2169600
运动组1346300
压迫组935100
联合组642000
), ArticleFig(id=1322529852129915632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Comparison of motor neuropathy severity among the 4 groups of patients after intervention

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数1级2级3级4级5级
对照组18510300
运动组1046000
压迫组624000
联合组440000
), ArticleFig(id=1322529852197024497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

4组病人干预后运动神经病变严重程度比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数1级2级3级4级5级
对照组18510300
运动组1046000
压迫组624000
联合组440000
), ArticleFig(id=1322529852276716274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Comparison of total and subscale scores of CIPNAT among the 4 groups of patients after intervention

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数CIPN症状体验CIPN对日常生活的影响CIPNAT总分
对照组33109.48±21.9153.95±9.75163.43±30.83
运动组3292.92±10.42①45.69±6.02①138.60±14.84①
压迫组3381.11±7.52①②35.11±3.66①②116.22±9.99①②
联合组3264.67±9.22①②③26.50±5.05①②③91.17±12.47①②③
F值14.88926.95919.972
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322529852339630835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

4组病人干预后CIPNAT总分及分量表得分比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数CIPN症状体验CIPN对日常生活的影响CIPNAT总分
对照组33109.48±21.9153.95±9.75163.43±30.83
运动组3292.92±10.42①45.69±6.02①138.60±14.84①
压迫组3381.11±7.52①②35.11±3.66①②116.22±9.99①②
联合组3264.67±9.22①②③26.50±5.05①②③91.17±12.47①②③
F值14.88926.95919.972
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1322529852436099828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Comparison of fall risk rates among the 4 groups of patients after intervention

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数有跌倒风险
对照组3315(45.5)
运动组329(28.1)
压迫组335(15.2)①
联合组324(12.5)①
), ArticleFig(id=1322529852499014389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1220038315760373764, articleId=1322167780498068173, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

4组病人干预后跌倒风险率比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数有跌倒风险
对照组3315(45.5)
运动组329(28.1)
压迫组335(15.2)①
联合组324(12.5)①
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乳腺癌病人化疗致周围神经病变运动联合压迫疗法干预方案的构建及应用
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陈思诺 1 , 李博 2 , 李珍 3, *, * , 刘星歌 2 , 韩智培 3 , 魏亚楠 3 , 许研 3
护理研究 | 综合研究 2026,40(2): 294-301
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护理研究 |综合研究 2026 , 40 (2) : 294 -301
乳腺癌病人化疗致周围神经病变运动联合压迫疗法干预方案的构建及应用
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陈思诺1, 李博2, 李珍3, *, * , 刘星歌2, 韩智培3, 魏亚楠3, 许研3
作者信息
  • 1商丘工学院医学院,河南 476000
  • 2河南大学护理与健康学院
  • 3河南省人民医院
通讯作者:
李珍,E-mail:
LI Zhen, E-mail:
作者简介:

陈思诺,护师,硕士研究生

Construction and application of an intervention protocol combining exercise and compression therapy for chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients
Sinuo CHEN1, Bo LI2, Zhen LI3 , Xingge LIU2, Zhipei HAN3, Ya'nan WEI3, Yan XU3
Affiliations
  • 1School of Medicine, Shangqiu Institute of Technology, Henan 476000 China
  • 2Henan University School of Nursing and Health
  • 3Henan Provincial People's Hospital
  • Corresponding Author:
    LI Zhen, E-mail:
出版时间: 2026-01-25 doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.02.015
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目的

构建乳腺癌病人化疗致周围神经病变(CIPN)运动联合压迫疗法干预方案并分析其应用效果。

方法

采用便利抽样法,选取2022年11月—2023年9月在河南省某三级甲等医院乳腺外科3个病区接受化疗的病人作为研究对象,按入院时间结合抽签法将乳腺癌病人分为对照组、运动组、压迫组和联合组。以健康行动过程取向(HAPA)理论为基础,通过文献回顾、半结构化访谈、德尔菲专家函询构建乳腺癌病人CIPN运动联合压迫疗法干预方案,对照组接受乳腺外科常规护理,运动组、压迫组和联合组在常规护理的基础上分别实施运动疗法、压迫疗法、运动联合压迫疗法干预方案。比较4个化疗周期后4组病人CIPN发生率及严重程度、CIPN症状体验及对日常生活的影响、平衡功能。

结果

研究过程中共脱落10例病人,最终对照组、压迫组各纳入33例病人,运动组、联合组各纳入32例病人。4组病人干预后的感觉神经病变与运动神经病变发生率和严重程度、跌倒风险率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);压迫组、联合组分别与对照组比较,感觉神经病变与运动神经病变发生率和严重程度、跌倒风险率均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。4组病人干预后的CIPN评估工具总分及分量表得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);4组CIPN评估工具总分及分量表得分两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。

结论

压迫疗法和运动联合压迫疗法均可降低乳腺癌病人CIPN发生率及严重程度,改善病人平衡功能、CIPN症状体验及其对日常生活的影响,且运动联合压迫疗法在改善病人CIPN症状体验及其对日常生活的影响方面效果优于单一疗法。

乳腺癌  /  化疗致周围神经病变(CIPN)  /  运动疗法  /  压迫疗法  /  健康行动过程取向(HAPA)
Objective

To construct an intervention protocol combining exercise and compression therapy for chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN) in breast cancer patients and to analyze its application effects.

Methods

Patients receiving chemotherapy in 3 wards of the breast surgery department at a tertiary grade A hospital in Henan Province were selected as the study subjects by convenience sampling from November 2022 to September 2023.Based on admission time and a lottery method,breast cancer patients were divided into control group,exercise group,compression group,and combination group.Based on the health action process approach(HAPA) theory,an intervention protocol combining exercise and compression therapy for CIPN in breast cancer patients was constructed through literature review,semi-structured interviews,and Delphi expert consultation.The control group received routine nursing care in the breast surgery department.The exercise group,compression group,and combination group respectively implemented the exercise therapy,compression therapy,and combined exercise and compression therapy intervention protocols in addition to routine nursing care.The incidence and severity of CIPN,CIPN symptom experience,impact on daily life,and balance function were compared among the 4 groups after 4 chemotherapy cycles.

Results

During the study,10 patients dropped out,resulting in 33 patients each in the control and compression groups,and 32 patients each in the exercise and combination groups.After the intervention,there were statistically significant differences in terms of incidence and severity of sensory and motor neuropathy as well as the fall risk rate among patients in 4 groups(all P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the compression group and the combination group showed statistically significant differences in terms of incidence and severity of sensory and motor neuropathy as well as the fall risk rate among patients(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in terms of incidence and severity of sensory and motor neuropathy as well as the fall risk rate among patients in 4 groups(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in terms of total scores and subscale scores of the Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool among the 4 groups after the intervention(all P<0.05).Statistically significant differences were found in the pairwise comparisons of total scores and subscale scores of the Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool among the 4 groups(all P<0.05).

Conclusions

Both compression therapy and the combination of exercise and compression therapy could reduce the incidence and severity of CIPN in breast cancer patients.Both compression therapy and the combination of exercise and compression therapy could also improve balance function,CIPN symptom experience,and the impact of CIPN on daily life in breast cancer patients.Moreover,the combination of exercise and compression therapy is more effective than either single therapy in improving CIPN symptom experience and its impact on daily life of patients.

breast cancer  /  chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy,CIPN  /  exercise therapy  /  compression therapy  /  health action process approach,HAPA
陈思诺, 李博, 李珍, 刘星歌, 韩智培, 魏亚楠, 许研. 乳腺癌病人化疗致周围神经病变运动联合压迫疗法干预方案的构建及应用. 护理研究, 2026 , 40 (2) : 294 -301 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.02.015
Sinuo CHEN, Bo LI, Zhen LI, Xingge LIU, Zhipei HAN, Ya'nan WEI, Yan XU. Construction and application of an intervention protocol combining exercise and compression therapy for chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2026 , 40 (2) : 294 -301 . DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.02.015
化疗是乳腺癌治疗的重要手段之一,其在提高病人生存率、降低复发风险的同时也会带来诸多不良反应[1]。化疗致周围神经病变(chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy,CIPN)是乳腺癌化疗常见的不良反应之一,发生率为11%~80%[2]。CIPN由化疗药物对神经元造成病理损伤引起,可产生一系列神经功能紊乱症状和体征,增加残疾和跌倒风险,严重影响病人生活质量[3]。已有研究结果显示,与药物干预相比,非药物疗法更加经济、安全且不良反应较少,尤其是运动疗法和压迫疗法近年来备受研究者关注[4]。目前,研究者多围绕运动疗法或压迫疗法对CIPN的改善作用进行探讨,关于其预防效果的研究较少[5]。以健康行动过程取向(health action process approach,HAPA)理论为导向的护理干预可增加病人参与动机和依从性[6]。故本研究在HAPA理论基础上构建了针对乳腺癌病人的CIPN运动联合压迫疗法干预方案,并对其进行应用,现将结果报道如下。
采用便利抽样法,选取2022年11月—2023年9月在河南省某三级甲等医院乳腺外科3个病区接受化疗的病人作为研究对象。纳入标准:1)病理学诊断为乳腺癌,分期为Tis、Ⅰ~Ⅲ期;2)年龄≥18岁;3)首次接受紫杉类药物化疗;4)美国东部肿瘤协作组(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group,ECOG)评分为0分或1分;5)对本研究知情同意。排除标准:1)患有糖尿病、末梢感觉异常、周围神经系统疾病或正在接受其他神经毒性药物治疗;2)合并其他恶性肿瘤或心、肝、肾等器官重大疾病;3)存在运动禁忌证;4)肿瘤转移或复发;5)接受同期放疗;6)对外科手套过敏。剔除标准:1)依从性差或要求退出;2)化疗方案改变、转院、死亡。参照多组率比较的样本量计算公式计算样本量:N=λα,β(k-1)/2(sin-1Pmax-sin-1Pmin)2,结合相关文献报道数据(运动组有效率为63.5%[7],压迫组有效率为73.8%[8],对照组有效率为36.99%[9]),预计联合组有效率为80%,则Pmax=0.80,Pmin=0.37,取α=0.05,β=0.1,查表得λa,β(k-1)=12.65,考虑20%的失访率,计算得每组样本量为31例,本研究拟分为4组,为保证样本量充足,纳入140例病人。按照入院时间,将2022年11月—2023年3月入院的35例病人作为对照组,将2023年4月—9月入院的105例病人作为干预组,采用抽签法再将干预组按照不同病区分为运动组、压迫组和联合组,每组35例。本研究已获得河南省人民医院伦理委员会批准[编号:〔2022〕伦理第(172)号]。
对照组实施乳腺外科常规护理,入院时进行入科宣教,使病人尽快适应环境;住院化疗期间进行CIPN相关知识宣教、基础康复指导、饮食指导、并发症预防以及心理护理;出院时告知化疗后可能出现的并发症及注意事项,指导病人定期进行静脉通路维护,加强饮食管理,定期复查;化疗间歇期进行电话随访了解病人身心状况,提供基础康复指导,对病人存在的疑问进行耐心解答。干预组在对照组基础上实施运动疗法、压迫疗法或运动联合压迫疗法干预方案。
研究小组共10人,包括乳腺科医生1人,确保干预方案安全、合理;康复师1人,负责运动方案的制定、讲授和评估;乳腺科护士长3人,负责小组成员培训;乳腺专科护士3人,负责实施方案和随访病人;心理咨询师1人,负责病人心理疏导;研究生1人,负责检索文献、联络函询专家和分析资料。
HAPA理论将个体健康行为的形成与维持划分为无意向阶段、意向阶段、行动阶段,根据不同阶段特点实施针对性干预措施,可以提高病人自我效能,增加参与动机和依从性[10]。本研究结合乳腺癌疾病特点,拟在病人无意向阶段以获得运动疗法、压迫疗法的益处和CIPN危险感知为主导,对其进行动机干预,帮助其产生行动意向;在意向阶段制定具体的干预计划;在行动阶段进行运动动作教授、实施压迫疗法,使病人产生行为改变。整个过程通过产生、维持、恢复自我效能,维持病人健康行为改变。
1)文献回顾:以“癌”“癌症”“肿瘤”“运动”“多模式运动”“有氧运动”“抗阻运动”“平衡运动”“压迫疗法”“外科手套”“弹力袜”“化疗致周围神经病变”“周围神经毒性”“周围神经系统疾病”为中文检索词,以“neoplasias”“cancer”“malignancy”“exercise”“multiple-modality exercise”“aerobic exercise”“resistance exercise”“balance exercise”“compression therapy”“surgical gloves”“elastic stocking”“chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy”“CIPN”“peripheral nervous system disorders”为英文检索词,采用主题词与自由词相结合的方式检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、EMbase、Cochrane Library,检索时限为从建库至2022年8月31日,文献类型为随机对照试验或类试验。最终纳入6篇随机对照试验[7,11-15]、3篇类试验[8,16-17]。采用乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute,JBI)循证卫生保健中心系统评价方法(2020版)对文献质量进行评价,文献整体质量较高,均予纳入。分析文献,归纳、总结干预时机、对象、方式等方面信息。2)半结构化访谈:从河南省某三级甲等医院乳腺外科选取15例接受紫杉类药物化疗的乳腺癌病人进行半结构化访谈,提取CIPN症状体验、需求以及运动行为影响因素相关信息,结合文献回顾结果形成乳腺癌病人CIPN运动联合压迫疗法干预方案初稿。3)德尔菲专家函询:选取北京、上海、广州、成都、杭州、福州、天津、吉林、郑州9个地区、12所三级甲等医院从事神经内科、肿瘤护理、康复医学、护理教育、护理心理、护理管理等领域的16名专家,年龄36~56(45.75±6.40)岁;工作年限10~32(21.44±7.57)年;博士研究生5人,硕士研究生8人,本科3人;正高级6人,副高级8人,中级2人。通过微信进行2轮专家函询,每轮均发放问卷16份,回收有效问卷16份,问卷有效回收率均为100%。第1轮专家函询专家熟悉程度系数为0.83,判断依据系数为0.92,权威系数为0.87;第2轮专家函询专家熟悉程度系数为0.88,判断依据系数为0.95,权威系数为0.91。第1轮专家函询各指标重要性评分的变异系数为0.00~0.29,一级指标、二级指标和三级指标的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.263,0.202和0.138(均P<0.05);第2轮专家函询各指标重要性评分的变异系数为0.00~0.14,一级指标、二级指标和三级指标的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.323,0.313和0.301(均P<0.05)。第1轮专家函询后增加1个二级指标、2个三级指标,修改3个三级指标;第2轮专家函询仅完善部分指标的语言表达,未增减条目。最终形成的乳腺癌病人CIPN运动联合压迫疗法干预方案包括3个一级指标、11个二级指标和30个三级指标,见表1。
首次化疗时,对处于无意向阶段的病人进行动机干预,与之分享权威信息,告知其运动疗法、压迫疗法的益处,对无意图者进行意图转化。与处于意向阶段的病人共同商讨制定干预计划,并基于病人的生活习惯和耐受性调整方案。每次化疗时实施压迫疗法和(或)进行运动动作回示,康复师进行观察指导,查看病人运动日记,监测其运动依从性。出院时告知病人居家运动方案,并进行动作演示,考核病人对整套动作的掌握情况,交代相关注意事项。化疗间歇期实施干预,通过微信群进行提醒和激励,电话随访监督干预执行情况,解答病人疑惑。运动组仅在化疗间歇期实施居家运动,压迫组仅在化疗时实施手足压迫,联合组在化疗时实施压迫疗法并在化疗间歇期实施居家运动。
于4个化疗周期后对病人进行评价。
采用美国国立癌症研究所常见不良反应术语评定标准(National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events,NCI-CTCAE)[18]的外周神经毒性分级标准部分评估病人CIPN的发生率和发生等级,NCI-CTCAE 4.0将外周神经毒性严重程度分为5个等级,≥1级认为发生CIPN。
采用CIPN评估工具(Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool,CIPNAT)[19]评估,包括2个分量表,共50个条目,其中CIPN症状体验分量表包括2个维度(感觉神经受损和运动神经受损)、9个症状,总分0~279分,得分越高表示CIPN症状越严重;CIPN对日常生活的影响分量表包括2个维度(精细动作和一般活动),采用0~10分评分法评分,总分0~140分,得分越高表示CIPN症状对日常生活的影响越大。
采用Berg平衡量表(Berg Balance Scale,BBS)[20]评估,包括14项平衡测试,采用0~4分评分法评分,总分0~56分,得分越低表示平衡功能越差,跌倒风险越高,得分以45分为评判界限,若<45分则被视为存在跌倒风险。
采用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计分析。符合正态分布的定量资料采用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较采用方差分析;定性资料采用频数、百分比(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验、秩和检验、Fisher确切概率法。多组间比较以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义,多组间的两两比较采用Bonferroni法校正P值。
研究过程中共脱落10例病人,最终对照组、压迫组各纳入33例病人,运动组、联合组各纳入32例病人。4组病人一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),具有可比性。见表2。
4组病人干预后的感觉神经病变与运动神经病变发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);压迫组、联合组分别与对照组比较,感觉神经病变与运动神经病变发生率均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其余组别两两比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。见表3。
4组病人干预后的感觉神经病变与运动神经病变严重程度比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),见表4、表5。压迫组、联合组分别与对照组比较,感觉神经病变与运动神经病变严重程度均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其余组别两两比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。
4组病人干预后的CIPNAT总分及分量表得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);4组病人CIPNAT总分及分量表得分两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。见表6。
4组病人干预后跌倒风险(BBS<45分)率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);压迫组、联合组分别与对照组比较,跌倒风险率均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其余组别两两比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。见表7。
CIPN可对乳腺癌病人的身体机能、心理状态和生活质量造成不同程度的影响,已有研究表明,运动、加压等措施对降低CIPN发生率和严重程度具有一定效果[21]。本研究对运动疗法、压迫疗法以及运动联合压迫疗法在乳腺癌病人CIPN中的预防效果进行研究,结果显示,与常规护理相比,实施压迫疗法或运动联合压迫疗法均可降低乳腺癌病人的CIPN发生率及严重程度。究其原因,化疗药物常积聚于神经节导致末梢神经元受累,若对病人实施压迫疗法,可通过适当的压力作用于四肢末端,使末梢血管收缩,减少末梢循环血量,进而减少化疗药向周围神经的渗透[22]。此外,压迫疗法还可促进静脉回流,改善末梢神经供血、供氧,达到预防CIPN发生、降低其严重程度的作用[23]。但在本研究中,仅实施运动疗法与常规护理相比,CIPN发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),可能与本研究纳入的是首次接受化疗且未发生CIPN的病人有关,运动疗法对CIPN的预防作用有待进一步探讨,未来可开展多中心、大样本纵向研究,深入探讨运动疗法对乳腺癌病人CIPN发生率和严重程度的预防效果。
平衡障碍是CIPN常见的不良反应之一,CIPN可导致周围神经感觉减退,使病人肢体活动、自身感觉和平衡控制受到不同程度影响,严重者可增加跌倒和残疾发生风险[15]。目前,临床针对CIPN常采取非药物干预。本研究结果表明,与常规护理相比,压迫疗法和运动联合压迫疗法均可改善乳腺癌病人平衡功能,降低乳腺癌病人跌倒风险率(均P<0.05)。究其原因,压迫疗法可促进局部血液循环,增加神经周围组织的营养供应,有利于缓解因神经病变导致的肌肉无力、萎缩等问题,提高肌肉力量和稳定性[24]。此外,压迫疗法还可通过减轻局部组织水肿和炎症反应减轻病人疼痛和麻木感,使病人更好地维持身体平衡,降低跌倒风险[22]。但本研究中仅实施运动疗法与常规护理相比,乳腺癌病人跌倒风险率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),未来可通过客观指标(如动态平衡仪测量结果)准确测量平衡功能,进一步探讨运动疗法对乳腺癌CIPN病人平衡功能障碍的预防效果。
乳腺癌化疗相关症状困扰会严重影响病人生活质量[4],采取相关措施减少化疗不良反应对病人具有重要意义。本研究结果显示,运动疗法和压迫疗法均可改善乳腺癌病人CIPN症状体验及CIPN对日常生活的影响,且运动联合压迫疗法效果优于单一疗法。究其原因,本研究实施的运动疗法包括有氧运动、抗阻运动、平衡运动等,其中有氧运动可以刺激大脑神经促进神经细胞生长,增加神经元代谢[25];抗阻运动可以提高肌肉力量,增强病人活动耐力,促进病人身体恢复[26];平衡运动能够改善神经对肌肉的控制,通过神经系统的各种生理机制协同作用,降低病人CIPN症状困扰程度[27]。3种运动方式的共同配合,可有效减轻病人四肢麻木、疲乏无力、身体难以保持平衡等症状,其效果优于单一运动形式。运动疗法与压迫疗法联合使用不仅可以在病人化疗时减少化疗药流向末梢神经,还可以使病人在化疗后通过运动增加药物代谢、促进末梢神经细胞生长,两者动静结合,实现院内、院外全程管理,有利于降低乳腺癌病人CIPN症状体验及其对日常生活的影响。
本研究构建的乳腺癌病人CIPN运动联合压迫疗法干预方案可有效降低乳腺癌病人的CIPN发生率和严重程度,改善病人平衡功能、CIPN症状体验及其对日常生活的影响。但本方案仅在河南省1所三级甲等医院进行了实证研究,今后可扩大研究范围,增加客观指标,适当延长干预时间,以进一步验证干预效果。

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doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2026.02.015
  • 接收时间:2025-02-19
  • 首发时间:2026-10-28
  • 出版时间:2026-01-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-19
  • 修回日期:2025-12-24
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    1商丘工学院医学院,河南 476000
    2河南大学护理与健康学院
    3河南省人民医院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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species
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total species (%)
属
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种数
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species
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species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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