Shock temperature of liquid argon has been measured under the shock pressure up to 33 GPa by employing the two-stage light gas gun. Impactor velocities were measured with electrical-magnetic induction system. Shock velocities and shock temperature of liquid argon were measured by using optical-fiber pyrometer. Mass velocities were obtained by mean of shock impendence matching method. The experimental data shows that shock temperature reach 10 000 K at 33 GPa shock pressure. Over 30 GPa shock pressure, shock temperature is lower compared with theoretical data. The experimental data also shows that the slope of shock temperature-shock volume curve begins to decrease over 30 GPa, which is the same shock pressure as the previously published shock Hugoniot curve.

The phase velocity and wave shape of insensitive high explosive with diverse diameter were measured. Through analyses of those data, the relation of D_n and κ is discussed. With the same curve, the greater of the ratio of curve, the faster the reduction of normal velocity is. So the D_n(κ) is used in whole wave shape. The calculated result used by LS method with the new relation is in agreement well with the experimental data.

A modified calculative formula for the thermal pressure is proposed and the equation of state (EOS) is obtained accordingly for gold. We compared this EOS with the other two common EOS using the experimental data for gold. The results show that the new EOS is better than the other two EOS at high temperature.

It is pointed out that four equations of state are popular in literature, including Morse, Vinet, Born-Meyer (BM) and Baonza equations of state. The four equations have been applied to fit the experimental compression data of 50 materials. The optimized values of bulk modulus and its first-order pressure derivative at zero-pressure have been determined, and the average errors are compared. The results show that for all materials the Morse equation gives the best results with average error 0.557 6%, BM, Vinet and Baonza equations subsequently give inferior results with average errors 0.615 1%, 0.788 9% and 0.833 3%, respectively. For materials at wide pressure range, we recommend the Morse equation, but at middle and low pressure ranges, we recommend the Baonza equation as it can be expressed as both pressure analytic form and volume analytic form.

The manganin pressure gauge is one of the most used sensors in shock wave physics experiments. The grounding problem for the measurement of shock pressure by manganin gauge is stated and discussed in this paper. The analysis and experiments show that the incorrect grounding methods will bring large error in the measurement of shock pressure or even abnormal profiles.

A on-line program which can process laser equation of state experimental data more effectively has been developed. The processing program can decrease random error due to manual process, and it can process data much more effectively and process experimental data on-line.

We introduced briefly the principle of design of sample assembly for ultrasonic measurements at high pressure, and designed a new kind of sample assembly to measure the isothermal compression of Al and Cu at 300 K. Ideal quasi-hydrostatic loading was realized, and high-quality ultrasonic signals were obtained under high pressure. It was indicated that the design of sample assembly was reasonable. We analyzed in brief main uncertainty of ultrasonic measurement in six-side anvil cell at 300 K.

Shock temperature and melting temperature measurements are of importance to construct complete equation-of-states of materials. In this article, we overviewed the one-dimensional heat conduction model at ideal interface and model at non-ideal interface in Hugoniot temperature measurements of metals, focusing on the reasonability or tenability of the inclusive and implicative assumptions in models, and the principal factors influencing the resultant temperature. The discussed issues deal with the assumptions of the heat conductivity at shock compression independent of temperature to derive an analytical solution to the interface temperature, that of the greybody emitter of the sample/window interface at shock compression, the transparency of window under shock temperature, the correction of apparent interface temperature to ideal interface temperature in non-ideal interface model, the measurements for melting temperature under shock compression, and the non-Flourier heat conduction at the interface. The investigations show that the metal-sample/window interfacial radiation measurements can yield an approximate Hugoniot temperature, and even an approximate melting temperature at interface pressure in the case of melting as a whole.

Some TiO₂ nanoparticle samples with size range from 10 nm to 60 nm were prepared by explosive synthesis method. The influence of the preparation parameters on the size and the crystalline phase of the TiO₂ crystallite were studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, SEM, TEM and BET. With these characterizing methods, it indicates that the explosive temperature plays a very important role in the crystalline phase transformation. With increasing the proportion of detonator, the size of TiO₂ crystallite increased, and the crystalline phase transforms from the low temperature phases of anatase and brookite to the high temperature phase of rutile.

Based on the frame of percolation theory, a new stress release function named as Percolation Release (PR) function has been proposed to describe the course of stress release during the early stage of void coalescence until the final or catastrophic fracture occurring. A clearly physical meaning is given for D_c0, the critical damage for the initiation of void coalescence, and D_f, the fracture critical damage. Coupled with damage function model proposed previously, PR function is applied to simulate the spall behaviors of OFHC copper and 45 steel as examples. Compared with the experimental measurements, numerical results indicate that the calculated stress profile and free surface velocity profile as well as the damage distribution in the materials being studied are consistent well with the experiments, and PR function has a good ability for describing the stress release just before the catastrophic fracture occurs.