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Outline
Since the discovery of superconductivity by the famous physicist Onnes in 1911, people have constantly tried to improve the superconducting transition temperature, and the room-temperature superconductors have also been a century-old dream of human beings. In the course of nearly a hundred years of research, it has constantly updated people’s understanding of superconductivity, enhanced people’s confidence in further improving the superconducting transition temperature and exploring the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity that scientists have discovered copper based superconductors, iron based superconductors and McMillan limit superconductors (like MgB2). Recently, new hydrogen-rich compounds predicted theoretically and verified experimentally have shown great potential for high temperature superconductivity even room temperature superconductivity, becoming one of the best candidates for room temperature superconductors. It is worth noting that some sulfur hydrides and lanthanum hydrides have superconductivity of more than 200 K under high pressure, leading a research boom of hydrogen-rich compounds and some important theoretical and experimental results have emerged. This paper focuses on the current research progress of hydrogen-rich superconductors, summarizes the crystal structure properties and superconducting properties of new hydrogen-rich compounds from the perspective of different hydrogen structural units and hydrogen bonding characteristics. Five kinds of superconductors in hydrogen-rich compounds are introduced in this paper: interstitial type, ionic type, covalent type, cage type and molecular type, and some general rules affecting the superconducting transition temperature are summarized through comparative analysis of different types of hydrogen-rich compound superconductors. In the end, the current experimental problems to be solved and the future experimental direction are put forward.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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