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Outline
Nitrogen is the main component of the Earth’s atmosphere, accounting for about 78% by volume. At room temperature and pressure, nitrogen is combined into stable diatomic molecules in the form of triple bonds (N≡N). Under the action of extreme high pressure, nitrogen can dissociate into a solid polynitrogen structure containing double bonds (N＝N) or even single bonds (N—N). Due to the huge energy difference between N≡N and N＝N or N—N, the transformation process is accompanied by huge energy release, so polynitrogen is a high energy density substance that attracts much attention. However, elemental polymerized nitrogen must be prepared in an environment above millions of atmospheric pressure (100 GPa) which is too harsh, greatly limiting the development and application of such materials. Interestingly, the introduction of metal elements can reduce the reaction barrier and provide chemical pressure, which can effectively reduce the synthetic pressure of polynitrogen and form a rich variety of polynitrogen configurations. This paper focuses on the research progress of main group metal nitriding compounds under high pressure, the physical mechanism of stabilities for metal nitrogen-rich compounds under high pressure, and puts forward the prospect of future design and preparation of new nitrogen-rich compounds.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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