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Outline
Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, a series of materials transform into superionic states, which fall between the solid and liquid states and are widely believed to exist in the interior of Earth and exoplanets. Computational research has found that under the temperature and pressure of the Earth’s inner core, iron-hydrogen, iron-carbon, and iron-oxygen alloys transform to superionic states, manifested as elements such as hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen flowing rapidly like liquids in solid iron alloys. The flowing light elements cause softening of Fe alloys and a decrease in seismic wave velocities, explaining the characteristics of core density deficient and low shear wave velocity observed in geophysics. The superionic iron-hydrogen alloy in the core can interact with the geomagnetic field, forming a lattice preferred orientation fiber driven by a dipole geomagnetic field, explaining the origin of the anisotropic structure in the inner core. The discovery of superionic iron-light-element alloys in the inner core has updated our understanding of the state of the inner core, and is of great significance for understanding the structure, composition, and evolution of Earth’s inner core, as well as the relationship between the inner core structure and the Earth’s magnetic field.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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