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Large-area and tunable strain gradients arise from inhomogeneous deformation in wrinkled thin films, making them promising for flexoelectric applications. Consequently, the structure and buckling modes of these films have garnered significant attention. In this paper, an electromechanical coupling model is developed to study the buckling behavior of thin-film-and-finite-thickness-substrate structures with flexoelectric effects. First, the influence of flexoelectric effects on the buckling evolution of thin-film-substrate structures is assessed using the minimum energy method. Two buckling modes, i.e., global buckling and local wrinkling, are distinguished by changing structural parameters and the flexoelectric coefficient. Results show that stronger flexoelectric effects lead to slenderer films and an increased likelihood of global buckling. Additionally, a stronger flexoelectric effect raises the critical strain required for buckling and significantly impacts local wrinkling mode. In local wrinkling, as the amplitude increases, the maximum strain in thin films decreases; sparser wrinkles with greater amplitude occur with a more pronounced flexoelectric effect. When the flexoelectric effect reaches a certain threshold, the buckling mode of the thin film shifts from local wrinkling to global buckling. The flexoelectric effect enhances structural stiffness and stretchability. Moreover, flexoelectric polarization can be continuously adjusted with compressive strain, highlighting its controllability in wrinkled thin films for generating and managing material polarity. These findings will aid in the design and application of micro and nanoscale electromechanical devices.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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