WEI Yongjin (1995-), male, Master candidate. E-mail: civil_wyj@163.com
A simple and feasible precracking method based on the strain government of ceramics to crack propagation was proposed. Three-point bending loading was carried out to prefabricate cracks in Al2O3, SiC and Si3N4 ceramic specimens by bonding the specimens with a triangular notch (crack initiation) on a metal beam to form a ductile-brittle composite beam. The specimens with different crack lengths can be controlled by adjusting the tensile zone height of ceramics. The fracture toughness of these three ceramics was measured by a single edge precracked beam method. The crack propagation process in the ceramic specimens was monitored by acoustic emission technology. The result show that this technology is easy to operate and the success rate of pre-cracking is >80%. The fracture toughness of Al2O3, SiC and Si3N4 measured is 4.45±0.41, 3.45±0.34 MPa·m1/2 and 5.23±0.49 MPa·m1/2, respectively.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |