Full
GU Shijia (1986-), male, Ph.D., Associate Professor. E-mail: gusj@dhu.edu.cn;
CAO Xiang (2002-), male, Master candidate. 18379607829@163.com
Outline
Conventional carbon materials such as graphite and hexagonal boron nitride, as well as other difficult-to-sinter carbon-based materials, suffer from some challenges such as lengthy preparation processes and high energy consumption. The existing strategy of assembling and structurally regulating functional building blocks across scales leads to significant improvements in the mechanical and thermal properties of these materials.
In the preparation of high-performance hexagonal boron nitride ceramics, using onion boron nitride (oBN) as functional building blocks, cubic boron nitride (cBN) is introduced and transformed into oBN during the sintering process. The volume expansion associated with this phase transformation promotes densification, resulting in high-strength hexagonal boron nitride (HSHBN) with improved mechanical properties. Also, BN plastic ceramics are fabricated by a twisted architecture approach with nano-oBN as a raw material. The ceramics composed of twisted nanosheets are formed via spark plasma sintering (SPS), achieving a fracture strain of up to 14% and a compressive strength of 626 MPa, and demonstrating the superior plastic deformation capacity and impact resistance.
In the preparation of graphite materials, high-strength graphite is fabricated through a uniformly dispersed architecture via mixing nano-diamond (ND) with natural graphite. After sintering, ND is converted into onion carbon (OC), forming a "nano-scar" structure that significantly enhances mechanical properties, with flexural strength of > 90 MPa. In a one-dimensional functional building block architecture, ND is introduced into polyacrylonitrile fibers via electrospinning, forming a one-dimensional nanofiber-reinforced structure that further increases flexural strength to 145 MPa. The strengthening mechanisms include crack deflection and bridging effects. Furthermore, a mortise-and-tenon structure architecture is employed to fabricate carbon-carbon composites via introducing ND into carbon fiber cloth, which transforms into an OC "mortise-and-tenon" structure after sintering. This significantly improves interlaminar bonding, achieving a flexural strength of 1206.5 MPa.
The strategy of "functional building block architecture" has a promising potential in the preparation of high-performance carbon-like materials (such as graphite, boron nitride, and their composites). High-performance carbon-like materials are successfully fabricated via architecting various functional building blocks (such as onion carbon and onion boron nitride), achieving substantial improvements in the performance. This strategy provides an effective pathway for the development of next-generation high-performance carbon-like materials. The functional building block architecture strategy offers a novel paradigm for tailoring the properties of carbon-like materials, exhibiting broad prospects for development. Future research should involve: 1) the synergistic architecture of multiple types of functional building blocks to achieve multifunctional integrated material design; 2) combining computational simulations with artificial intelligence for high-throughput screening and optimization of functional building block combinations and architecture methods; 3) extending the application of this strategy to more extreme service conditions, such as high temperature, high pressure, and irradiation environments; and 4) advancing the controllable preparation and large-scale application of architected materials to promote the engineering application of carbon-like materials in high-tech fields such as aerospace, electronic devices, and nuclear energy.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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