CHEN Wen (1999-), female, Master Candidate. E-mail: chenwen19990216@126.com
Phosphorus-based anode materials have a high theoretical capacity and a medium redox potential, and the related raw materials have some advantages in reserves and costs, thus having promising application prospects in sodium and lithium-ion battery anode materials. However, red phosphorus has a fast decay rate of electrochemical activity and a poor cycling performance due to the extremely low electronic conductivity and excessive volume expansion, while black phosphorus conductivity can reach 105 S/m, and its dense structure leads to a poor intrinsic rate performance, thus restricting the practical application of elemental phosphorus as an anode material. A unique metal phosphorus-rich phosphides MPx (x≥2) can be formed by introducing a small amount of metal elements into elemental phosphorus. The electronic conductivity of metal phosphorus-rich phosphides MPx can be greatly improved via metal element electron injection, and a relatively empty crystal structure can be formed to provide faster reaction kinetics and effectively inhibit volume expansion. Therefore, metal phosphorus-rich phosphides MPx with a high capacity and superior electron/ion transport characteristics is a potential sodium and lithium-ion battery anode material. This review mainly represented the composition and structural characteristics of metal phosphorus-rich phosphides, focusing on the latest progress in the energy storage mechanism and modification strategy of metal phosphorus-rich phosphides.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |