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Composition and Performance Evolution of the Ming Great Wall Ancient Mortar in Dazhuangke of Great Wall Built at Ming Dynasty
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Guodong QI1, Dongmin WANG1, Yuhua ZHU2, Zhaojie WU1, Qin WANG3
Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society | 2022, 50(8) : 2163 - 2172
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Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society | 2022, 50(8): 2163-2172
• Research Articles •
Composition and Performance Evolution of the Ming Great Wall Ancient Mortar in Dazhuangke of Great Wall Built at Ming Dynasty
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Guodong QI1, Dongmin WANG1, Yuhua ZHU2, Zhaojie WU1, Qin WANG3
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, China
  • 2.School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
  • 3.School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China

    • QI Guodong (1995-), male, Doctoral candidate. E-mail:

About Author:

QI Guodong (1995-), male, Doctoral candidate. E-mail:

Published: 2022-08-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20220091
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The Great Wall is one of the greatest construction projects in the history of human civilization, and the traditional lime mortar is an important guarantee standing for centuries without falling. Exploring the phase and composition ratio of ancient mortar used in the Great Wall through modern scientific and technological means and analyzing its performance evolution process, we could effectively understand the characterizations of traditional technology. The use of the past for the present is of great significance in guiding and promoting the conservation and restoration of endangered ancient buildings. Therefore, four representative locations were selected in the Dazhuangke of the Great Wall. The physical properties, phase composition and ratios of the ancient mortar samples were systematically analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, iodine-starch test, mercury-pressure test and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The comparison with the modern repair mortar reveals the evolution pattern of the performance of ancient mortar. The results show that the ancient mortar is a pure air-hardened lime mortar. The type of lime is a magnesian lime. No water-hardening components occur in the mortar, and no aggregate components or organic additives appear. The long-term carbonation process can inhibit the crystallinity of calcite crystalline calcium carbonate, refine the granularity of calcium carbonate, and effectively improve the denseness of the mortar hardening body. This could be one of major reasons for the superior performance of ancient mortar.

The Ming Great Wall  /  masonry mortar  /  magnesian lime  /  carbonization
齐国栋, 王栋民, 朱宇华, 邬兆杰, 王琴. 明长城大庄科段古灰浆成分分析及性能演变. 硅酸盐学报, 2022 , 50 (8) : 2163 -2172 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20220091
Guodong QI, Dongmin WANG, Yuhua ZHU, Zhaojie WU, Qin WANG. Composition and Performance Evolution of the Ming Great Wall Ancient Mortar in Dazhuangke of Great Wall Built at Ming Dynasty[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2022 , 50 (8) : 2163 -2172 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20220091
Appendix
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Year 2022 volume 50 Issue 8
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Article Info
doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20220091
  • Receive Date：2022-01-30
  • Online Date：2026-10-20
  • Published：2022-08-20
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2022-01-30
  • Revised：2022-04-11
Funding
Affiliations
    1.School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, China
    2.School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
    3.School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China

Corresponding:

WANG Dongmin (1965-), male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail:
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Citations
表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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