In the accelerated process of urbanization, the deterioration of aging buildings, and the rapid climate change in current times, the resilience and sustainability of buildings have become increasingly important. Post-earthquake rehabilitation of buildings often requires significant economic and downtime cost, while also causing severe environmental impacts such as carbon emission. However, it is still lack of reasonable and rapid assessment method for evaluating seismic environmental impact. Therefore, this study proposes an improved building life cycle seismic environmental impact assessment method, using the input-output database and the “ repair cost-ratio”assumption to convert existing seismic economic loss data into environmental impacts, considering the key factors that reduce the feasibility of building rehabilitation due to residual deformation. It quantifies the life cycle seismic environmental impact of buildings under seismic risk through seismic hazard analysis, structural analysis, damage analysis, and loss analysis. Based on this method, the life-cycle seismic environmental impact assessment of steel frame buildings strengthened by self-centering braces (SCB) and buckling-restrained braces (BRB) was carried out. The results show that if the reduction in rehabilitation feasibility caused by residual deformation is not considered, the seismic environmental impact will be seriously underestimated. After considering the residual deformation, compared with BRB, the frame strengthened by SCB shows a significant advantage in reducing the impact of the seismic environment with the minimal residual deformation.