To investigate the vibration comfort level of reinforced truss composite slabs applied in residential building floors, the vibration response of the integral connection reinforced truss composite slabs under human-induced excitation loads was studied through experiments. Three types of loading excitations, including single-person walking, three-person asynchronous walking, and three-person synchronous walking, were designed for experiments. For the single-person walking load experiment, three different walking paths including longitudinal, transverse, and diagonal were designed. The vibration response of the composite slabs under various human-induced excitations and walking paths was investigated. A refined finite element model of the composite slabs was established to analyze the influence of the protective layer thickness at the plate bottom, truss height, density ratio and modulus ratio of concrete to reinforcement on the natural frequency of vibration of the composite slabs. The results show that the peak acceleration under human-induced excitation increases with the layer height. The peak accelerations under different human-induced loading conditions decrease in the following order: three-person synchronous walking, three-person asynchronous walking, and single-person walking, and the peak acceleration under single-person walking condition is independent of the walking path. The natural frequency of the composite slabs decreases with the increase of the thickness of the protective layer at the plate bottom, and reaches the maximum when the truss height is 80 mm. The natural frequency is inversely proportional to the concrete-to-reinforcement density ratio, and is directly proportional to the concrete-to-reinforcement modulus ratio.