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After thousands of years, the Archery Tower of the Deshengmen has been damaged in different degrees and types. Through the investigation of the damages, the number, proportion and distribution of the damage types have been summarized and the causes of the typical damage characteristics and its influence on the mechanical performance of the wooden frame have been analyzed. In order to explore the influence of the typical damage characteristics on the mechanical behavior, the comparative analysis on the influence of pulling-out of tenon on the mechanical behavior of the wooden frame is made, and the FEM of the standard frame and the frame in the state of pulling-out of tenon are established. Results show that the damages are mainly concentrated in the column frame layer and the beam frame layer. The damage of the column frame layer is mainly manifested by cracking and inclination. The typical damage of beam frame layer mainly includes pulling-out of the tenon and horizontal crack of wooden beam. Besides, the moment-rotation angle curve of joint has obvious asymmetry. The failure state of the joint is the tearing failure of the cross grain at the variable section of the tenon. When the amount of pulling-out of the tenon is numerical, the amount of pulling-out of the tenon has no obvious effect on the flexural bearing capacity of the frame. When the amount of pulling-out of the tenon increases to a certain level, the flexural bearing capacity of the beam frame will decrease significantly, and the positive peak bearing capacity will decrease significantly relative to the negative loading. The positive decrease rate is 16% ~ 18%, and the negative decrease rate is 9%~15%. The study results can provide important references for the safety protection and repair of traditional wooden structures.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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