In order to improve the seismic performance of traditional HDR(high-damping seismic isolation rubber bearings)bearings and their adaptability in simply supported beam bridges in high-intensity seismic zones, a new type of composite seismic bearing was developed based on the rational integration of steel bar dampers and HDR bearings, and its structural construction and mechanical behavior were described. Taking a specific specification product as an example, the vertical compression performance and horizontal hysteresis performance were demonstrated through finite element numerical simulation and experimental research. Then, a 5~20 m concrete simply supported beam bridge in an 8-degree seismic zone was taken as the object, and a finite element model was established using SAP2000 to study its seismic performance. The results showed that the vertical compression performance of the bearing met the standard requirements, and the horizontal hysteresis curve was more full than that of the HDR bearings. The finite element numerical analysis and experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical skeleton model. Compared with the HDR bearings seismic system, the internal force response of the bridge pier increased to a certain extent after the use of the composite bearing, but it is still within the capacity range, and the displacement of the bridge beam end and the relative displacement of the pier-beam are significantly reduced, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of seismic damage such as beam-falling and collision of adjacent beams.