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To address issues such as excessive displacement and inadequate self-resetting capabilities in isolated bridges employing traditional double concave friction pendulum bearings, a novel iron-based shape memory alloy-double variable friction pendulum bearing (Fe-SMA-DVFPB) was developed. This bearing integrates the variable friction mechanism on the sliding surface with the superelastic properties of shape memory alloy. A constitutive model for the bearing is established, and its equivalent analysis model is determined through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Based on practical engineering considerations, isolated bridges with different types of bearings are designed, and their seismic performance under near-fault ground motions is analyzed. The results show that the maximum isolator displacements of the three types of isolation structures under pulse-type earthquakes are 2.1, 1.63 and 1.47 times greater than those under non-pulse-type earthquakes, respectively. Compared to DCFPB-isolated bridges, Fe-SMA-DVFPB-isolated bridges exhibit the maximum reduction in isolator displacement of 38.9% under pulse-type earthquakes and 13% under non-pulse-type earthquakes. Additionally, the maximum reduction in residual displacement is 93.5% for pulse-type and 83.1% for non-pulse-type earthquakes. The use of Fe-SMA-DVFPB significantly improves control over both relative displacement and residual displacement. The reduction in relative displacement and residual displacement in Fe-SMA-DVFPB-isolated bridge bearings is significantly greater than the increase in bending moment and shear force at the pier base. Fe-SMA-DVFPB can further enhance the post-earthquake resilience of bridges.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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