Grouted sleeve connections are widely used in precast structures due to their excellent connectivity and ease of construction. However, variations in local stiffness within the grouted sleeve region and the relatively weak integrity of the concrete interface at the joint have negatively impacted the seismic performance of precast structures. This paper systematically summarizes the seismic performance tests, theoretical calculations, and numerical analysis of grouting sleeve connection joints, precast assembled components, and precast overall structures. Firstly, this paper elucidates the basic structure and force transmission mechanisms of grouted sleeves while summarizing the critical factors that influence the mechanical performance of sleeve grouted connections. Secondly, the influence laws of the strengthening effect of grouted sleeves on the mechanical properties of precast assembled structures are analyzed. Additionally, the impacts of the arrangement patterns of grouted sleeves and grout defects on the seismic performance of precast structures are investigated. Meanwhile, the calculation methods for the bearing capacities (bending, shear, and torsion) of precast assembled structures connected by grouted sleeves are summarized. Finally, the modeling methods of numerical analysis models for grout sleeve splice and precast assembled components connection with grouted sleeves are analyzed. Based on these, the following researches directions need to be explored: stiffness compatibility between sleeves, steels, and concrete; grouting quality assurance and detection methods; unified constitutive model for grouting material; calculation method for the bearing capacity of precast structure with grouted sleeve connections considering grouted sleeves, concrete, and steels factors.