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Subways, as a primary component of urban public transportation, harbor particulate matter within their microenvironments that pose health risks to commuters. To enhance the health of individuals during their subway commutes, a study was conducted to analyze the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in the subway microenvironment. The results show that: The PM2.5 concentration in underground train carriages on weekdays (113.67 μg/m3) is higher than on non-working days (47.62 μg/m3), and the PM2.5 concentration in underground train carriages is significantly higher than in above-ground and elevated sections (seven times higher) ; lines constructed earlier have higher PM2.5 concentrations than newly built lines; the PM2.5 concentration on platforms exhibit a cyclical trend with the arrival and departure of trains; fully enclosed screen doors are more effective than full-height security doors in controlling the accumulation of particles; the PM2.5 concentration during off-peak hours (75 μg/m3) is lower than during peak hours (102 μg/m3). Furthermore, the study analyzed the potential impact of off-peak travel strategies on the PM2.5 exposure levels of commuters, the results suggests that off-peak travel could reduce exposure by 25.58% during a single commute. The results of the study provide data support for the prevention.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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