Latest ArticlesEarly diagnosis and accurate boundary delineation are the key steps of tumor precision medicine. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detection of liquid biopsy can provide abundant information for early diagnosis of cancer. High detection specificity and good enrichment features are two key factors for CTCs accurate identification in peripheral blood sample. For this purpose, iron oxide (IO)-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) bioprobes with good biocompatibility, high detection sensitivity, remarkable detection specificity, and good enrichment efficiency, were developed for detecting different types of CTCs. Magnetic SERS bioprobes combined with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody are regarded as an effective way to boost the targeting ability and detection specificity, benefiting for accurately capturing and identifying rare CTCs. Four types of CTCs with different PD-L1 expression were accurately distinguished among white blood cells via high-resolution SERS mapping images and stable Raman signals. Subsequently, CTCs blood samples obtained from the triple negative breast cancer patients were also successfully recognized compared to that of health people, indicating IO@AR@PDA-aPD-L1 SERS bioprobe possessed great potential for CTCs detection in liquid biopsy. Additionally, IO-based bioprobe exhibited excellent dual-modal imaging abilities of high-resolution SERS imaging mode and microimaging magnetic resonance imaging mode. These two highly complementary imaging modes endowed IO-based bioprobes unrivalled capacity in tumor boundary differentiation, supporting tumor accurate resection and precise surgery. To our best knowledge, this is the first time that biocompatible IO-based SERS bioprobes without noble metal element were reported not only for CTCs accurate detection, but also for precise tumor boundary delineation, showing great advantages in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
The metal ion batteries have gained widespread attention for wearable electronics due to their competitive energy density and long cycling life. Exploring the advanced anode materials is significant for next generation energy storage systems. However, severe electrode volume changes and sluggish redox kinetics are the critical problems for lithium/potassium ion batteries (LIBs/PIBs) towards large-scale applications. Herein, we prepare a novel anode material, which consists of reduced graphene oxide wrapping one-dimensional (1D) N-doped porous carbon nanotube with cobalt phosphoselenide (CoPSe) nanoparticles embedded inside them (rGO@CoPSe/NC). Benefited from the dual carbon decorations and ultrafine nanoparticles structure, it achieves a reversible capacity of 245 mAh/g at 5 A/g after 2000 cycles for LIBs and 215 mAh/g at 1 A/g after 500 cycles for PIBs. The pseudocapacitance and GITT measurements are used to investigate the electrochemical kinetics of rGO@CoPSe/NC for LIBs. In addition, the lithium ion full cell also shows good electrochemical performance when paired with high capacity LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode. This work provides a feasible electrode design strategy for high-efficiency metal ion batteries based on multidimensional nanoarchitecture engineering and composition tailoring.
Weakly solvating electrolyte (WSE) demonstrates superior compatibility with lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs). However, its application in fast-charging high-voltage LMBs is challenging. Here, we propose a diluent modified WSE for fast-charging high-voltage LMBs, which is formed by adding diluent of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) into the tetrahydropyran (THP) based WSE. A relatively loose solvation structure is formed due to the formation of weak hydrogen bond between TTE and THP, which accelerates the de-solvation kinetics of Li+. Besides, more anions are involved in solvation structure in the presence of TTE, yielding inorganic-rich interphases with improved stability. Li (30 µm)LiNi0.5 Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (4.1 mAh/cm2) batteries with the TTE modified WSE retain over 64% capacity retention after 175 cycles under high rate of 3 C and high-voltage of 4.5 V, much better than that with pure THP based WSE. This work points out that the combination of diluent with weakly solvating solvent is a promising approach to develop high performance electrolytes for fast-charging high-voltage LMBs.
Piperidine is a crucial pharmacophore and a special scaffold in the realm of drug discovery. Its flexibility increases the molecule's capability to bind to the receptor. The piperidine-containing compounds are distinguished by their remarkable activity, and are increasingly becoming a vital category of pesticides. In this review, the research progress of piperidines in the discovery of pesticides was updated according to their active characteristics. The structure-activity relationships (SARs), and mechanisms of action of piperidine-containing compounds were also discussed. This article is meant to enable readers to quickly understand piperidines, while providing ideas for creating piperidines with novel structures and unique mechanisms of action.
Macrophages undergo dynamic transitions between M1 and M2 states, exerting profound influences on both inflammatory and regenerative processes. The biocompatible and wound-healing properties of decellularized amniotic membrane (dAM) make it a subject of exploration for its potential impact on the anti-inflammatory response of macrophages. Experimental findings unequivocally demonstrate that dAM promotes anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of macrophage, with its cytokine-rich content posited as a potential mediator. The application of RNA sequencing unveils differential gene expression, implicating the hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway in this intricate interplay. Subsequent investigation further demonstrates that dAM facilitates anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of macrophage through the upregulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF), which, in turn, activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway and stabilizes HIF-1α. This cascade results in a noteworthy augmentation of anti-inflammatory gene expression. This study significantly contributes to advancing our comprehension of dAM's immunomodulatory role in tissue repair, thereby suggesting promising therapeutic potential.
This review covers the structures of diterpenoids, including chain (72), monocyclic (9), labdane-type (67), clerodane-type (127) abietane-type (716), ent-kaurane-type (89), grayanane-type (331), ingenane-type (55), tigliane-type (154), daphnane-type (237), and aconitine-type diterpene alkaloids (265) with rich biological activities reported in 2013–2023. And the drugs in clinical use or under clinical investigation of diterpenoids and leading compounds were summarized.
Surface with well-defined components and structures possesses unique electronic, magnetic, optical and chemical properties. As a result, surface chemistry research plays a crucial role in various fields such as catalysis, energy, materials, quantum, and microelectronics. Surface science mainly investigates the correspondence between surface property and functionality. Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques are important tools to characterize surface properties because of the capability of atomic-scale imaging, spectroscopy and manipulation at the single-atom level. In this review, we summarize recent advances in surface electronic, magnetic and optical properties characterized mainly by SPM-based methods. We focus on elucidating the π-magnetism in graphene-based nanostructures, construction of spin qubits on surfaces, topology properties of surface organic structures, STM-based light emission, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and integration of machine learning in SPM studies.
The rapid development of microfluidic technology has led to the evolution of microdroplets from simple emulsion structures to complex multilayered and multicompartmental configurations. These advancements have endowed microdroplets with the capability to contain multiple compartments that remain isolated from one another, enabling them to carry different molecules of interest. Consequently, researchers can now investigate intricate spatially confined chemical reactions and signal transduction pathways within subcellular organelles. Moreover, modern microdroplets often possess excellent optical transparency, allowing fluorescently labelled, multi-layered, and compartmental droplets to provide detailed insights through real-time, in situ, and dynamic fluorescence imaging. Hence, this review systematically summarizes current methodologies for preparing multicomponent microdroplets and their applications, particularly focusing on fluorescent microdroplets. Additionally, it discusses existing critical challenges and outlines future research directions. By offering a comprehensive overview of the preparation methods and applications of fluorescent microdroplets, this review aims to stimulate the interest of researchers and foster their utilization in more complex and biomimetic environments.
The contamination of water resources by phenolic compounds (PCs) presents a significant environmental hazard, necessitating the development of novel materials and methodologies for effective mitigation. In this study, a metallic copper-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework was pyrolyzed and designated as Cu-NC-20 for the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade phenol (PE). Cu-NC-20 could effectively address the issue of metal agglomeration while simultaneously diminishing copper dissolution during the activation of PMS reactions. The Cu-NC-20 catalyst exhibited a rapid degradation rate for PE across a broad pH range (3–9) and demonstrated high tolerance towards coexisting ions. According to scavenger experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis, singlet oxygen (1O2) and high-valent copper-oxo (Cu(Ⅲ)) were the predominant reactive oxygen species, indicating that the system was nonradical-dominated during the degradation process. The quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) between the oxidation rate constants of various substituted phenols and Hammett constants was established. It indicated that the Cu-NC-20/PMS system had the optimal oxidation rate constant with σ− correlation and exhibited a typical electrophilic reaction pattern. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneous activation process for the selective removal of phenolic compounds.
Hydrogen, as a cheap, clean, and cost-effective secondary energy source, performs an essential role in optimizing today’s energy structure. Magnesium hydride (MgH2) represents an attractive hydrogen carrier for storage and transportation, however, the kinetic behavior and operating temperature remain undesirable. In this work, a dual-phase multi-site alloy (MsA) anchored on carbon substrates was designed, and its superior catalytic effects on the hydrogen storage properties of MgH2 were reported. Mechanism analysis identified that multi-site FeNi3/NiCu nanoalloys synergistically served as intrinsic drivers for the striking de/hydrogenation performance of the MgH2−MsA systems. Concretely, the unique multi-metallic site structure attached to the surface of MgH2 provided substantial reversible channels and accessible active sites conducive to the adsorption, activation, and nucleation of H atoms. In addition, the coupling system formed by FeNi3 and NiCu dual-phase alloys further enhanced the reactivity between Mg/MgH2 and H atoms. Hence, the onset dehydrogenation temperature of MgH2 + 5 wt% MsA was reduced to 195 ℃ and the hydrogen desorption apparent activation energy was reduced to 83.6 kJ/mol. 5.08 wt% H2 could be released at 250 ℃ in 20 min, reaching a high dehydrogenation rate of 0.254 wt% H2/min, yet that for MgH2 at a higher temperature of 335 ℃ was only 0.145 wt% H2/min. Then, the dehydrogenated MgH2−MsA sample could absorb hydrogen from room temperature (30 ℃) and charge 3.93 wt% H2 at 100 ℃ within 20 min under 3.0 MPa H2 pressure. Benefiting from carbon substrates, the 5 wt% MsA doped-MgH2 could still maintain 6.36 wt% hydrogen capacity after 20 cycles. In conclusion, this work provides experimental rationale and new insights for the design of efficient catalysts for magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage materials.
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