Latest ArticlesThis work introduces a simple and facile approach for the morphology and size controlled synthesis of Co-doped MIL-96. By using different bases as modulators, Co-doped MIL-96 was obtained with sizes that varied from 5 μm to 300 nm, and four different morphologies, including hexagonal prism, icosahedron, hexagonal spindle and ellipsoid. Among these, nano-sized Co-doped MIL-96 with an ellipsoid morphology exhibited the highest electroactive surface area and good conductivity as well as the best electrochemical sensing performance towards α-fetoprotein.
Significance of unstable species leaching was for the first time demonstrated on MOF-derived catalysts by taking PtNi-C as an example, that was instructive for the relevant catalyst fabrication and performance study. PtNi-C catalyst was synthesized by combining Pt nanoparticles with Ni-BTC after annealing in the tube furnace and the unstable Ni species can be easily leached out in nitric acid, and the stable PtNi nanoparticles trapped in the graphite carbon layer were obtained. The greatly improved catalytic ability for alcohol fuels oxidation was verified by comparing the fresh and acid leached catalysts in terms of the high peak current density, specific and mass activity and rapid charge transfer kinetics and high catalytic stability. The current work guides the importance of unstable assistant promoter removal for the MOF derived catalysts.
In the past few years, the increasing energy consumption of traditional fossil fuels has posed a huge threat to human health. It is very imperious to develop the sustainable and renewable energy storage and conversion devices with low cost and environment friendly features. Hybrid supercapacitors are emerging as one of the promising energy devices with high power density, fast charge-discharge process and excellent cycle stability. However, morphology and structure of the electrode materials exert serious effect on their electrochemical performances. In this review, we summarized recent progresses in transition metal oxide based electrode materials for supercapacitors. Different synthesis routes and electrochemical performances of electrode materials and storage mechanisms of supercapacitor devices have been presented in details. The future developing trends of supercapacitor based on metal oxide electrode materials are also proposed.
Nanobubble is a rising research field, which attracts more and more attentions due to its potential applications in medical science, catalysis, electrochemistry and etc. To better implement these applications, it is urgent to understand one of the most important mechanisms of nanobubbles, the evolution. However, few attentions have been paid in this aspect because of the methodology difficulties. Here we successfully used dark-field microscopy to study the evolution process of single nanobubbles generated from formic acid dehydrogenation on single Pd-Ag nanoplates. We found some of the nanobubbles in this system can exhibit three distinct states representing different sizes, which can transform among each other. These transitions are not direct but through some intermediate states. Further kinetic analysis reveals complicated mechanisms behind the evolution of single nanobubbles. The results acquired from this study can be applicable to nanobubble systems in general and provide insights into the understanding of mechanisms affecting the stability of nanobubbles and their applications.
Furazan and furoxan represent fascinating explosophoric units with intriguing structures and unique properties. Compared with other nitrogen-rich heterocycles, most poly furazan and furoxan-based heterocycles demonstrate superior energetic performances due to the higher enthalpy of formation and density levels. A large variety of advanced energetic materials have been achieved based on the combination of furazan and furoxan moieties with different kinds of linkers and this review provides an overview of the development of energetic poly furazan and furoxan structures during the past decades, with their physical properties and detonation characteristics summarized and compared with traditional energetic materials. Various synthetic strategies towards these compact energetic structures are highlighted by covering the most important cyclization methods for construction of the hetercyclic scaffolds and the following modifications such as nitrations and oxidations. Given the synthetic availabilities and outstanding properties, energetic materials based on poly furazan and furoxan structures are undoubtedly listed as a promising candidate for the development of new-generation explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics.
The complex-architectured NiFe-LDH@FeOOH negative material was first prepared by simple two-step hydrothermal method. In this study, the porous nanostructure of FeOOH nanosheets features a large number of accessible channels to electroactive sites and the two-dimensional layered structure of NiFe-LDH nanosheets have an open spatial structure with high specific surface area, which enhance the diffusion of ions in the active material. Benefited from above advantages, the excellent electrochemical properties were demonstrated. NiFe-LDH@FeOOH nanocomposites present high specific capacitance (1195 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g), lower resistance and well cycling performance (90.36% retention after 1000 cycles). Furthermore, the NiFe-LDH@MnO2//NiFe-LDH@FeOOH supercapacitor exhibits 22.68 Wh/kg energy density at 750 W/kg power density, demonstrating potential application in energy storage devices.
In the work, we successfully explore a two-step hydrothermal method for scalable synthesis of the hybrid sodium titanate (NaTi8O13/NaTiO2) nanoribbons well in-situ formed on the multi-layered MXene Ti3C2 (designed as NTO/Ti3C2). Benefiting from the inherent structural and componential superiorities, the resulted NTO/Ti3C2 composite exhibits long-duration cycling stability and superior rate behaviors when evaluated as a hybrid anode for advanced SIBs, which delivers a reversible and stable capacity of ~82 mAh/g even after 1900 cycles at 2000 mA/g for SIBs.
The construction of highly stable and regular nanoreactors is a major challenge. In this work, we use a facile template protection method to obtain ZIF-67@SiO2 (JS) and to encapsulate metal oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4) into nanoreactors (SiO2). ZIF-67 crystals provide a cobalt species; SiO2 was first used as a protective layer of ZIF-67 and then as a nanoreactor for metastable metal oxide nanoparticles. On this basis, Co3O4@SiO2 with dodecahedron morphology were synthesized by calcining JS at different temperatures, followed by a hydrothermal reaction to obtain Co3(OH)4Si2O5. Subsequently, CoSx and CoPSiO2 were fabricated through sulfuration and phosphorization. The results in this work show that nanoreactors derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with a rational structure have broad development prospects.
A colorimetric and fluorometric dual probe based on a water-soluble polythiophene derivative (PMTPBA) was designed and synthesized. It can be applied to determination of picric acid (PA) in 100% aqueous solution. The approach relies on the formation of supramolecular polythiophene assemblies in the presence of PA through electrostatic, charge transfer and π-π stacking interactions. This probe could be utilized for the rapid and visual detection of PA both in aqueous solution and solid support with high specificity and sensitivity. The detection limit of this sensor is as low as 5.0×10-8 mol/L.
Spirohypatone A (1), a spirocyclic PPAP (polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol) bearing an unprecedented hexahydro-1'H-spiro [cyclohexane-1, 2'-pentalene]-2, 4, 6-trione core and a new homologue (spirohypatone B, 2) were isolated from Hypericum patulum together with two known biosynthetic precursors. Compound 1 represents the first spirocyclic PPAP possessing a 5/5/6 carbon ring system, biogenetically derived from the intermediate 3 (attack from C-3 to C-12), which was differed from normal spirocyclic PPAPs (attack from C-3 to C-11). In addition, through extensive spectroscopic analysis, an interconversion mechanism of keto-enol of 1 was postulated and confirmed by its methylated reaction. The structures and absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic and chemical derivatized methods and X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 were tested to exhibit cytotoxic activities against several cancer cell lines.
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