Latest ArticlesThe 1D microwires based on π-extended azaBODIPY were successfully prepared and characterized for the first time. The bisphenanthrene-fused azaBPP-12C with four hydrophobic chains was prepared through de novo synthesis method involving the Suzuki reaction and subsequent oxidative ring-fused coupling. The microwires and aggregation behavior were studied using SEM, XRD and absorption spectroscopy. Finally, an H-type aggregation was confirmed in the solution process.
An unexpected in-situ hydrolysis reaction occurred during the solvothermal reaction of N, N'-bis(4-carboxy-2-methylphenyl)pyromellitic di-imide) and Ba(NO3)2, and a novel porous Ba-MOF, [H2N(CH3)2]0.5[Ba1.5(L)(DMA)]·1.5DMA·1.5H2O (UPC-70, H3L = 2-(4-carboxy-2-methylphenyl)-1, 3-dioxoisoin-doline-5, 6-dicarboxylic acid, DMA = N, N-dimethylacetamide), was obtained on the basis of the partial hydrolysate. The as-synthesized 3D network with 1D open channels of different sizes (24 Å and 10 Å) contains abundant open metal sites after removal of solvents, which is conducive to the preferential adsorption of CO2. The subsequent gas sorption measurement reveals the high separation selectivity of UPC-70 for CO2/CH4 (15) and CO2/N2 (32) at ambient conditions, and GCMC theoretical simulation provides good verification of the experimental results, indicating that UPC-70 is a potential candidate for CO2 capture from flue gas and natural gas.
In this work, various Co3O4-ZSM-5 catalysts were prepared by the microwave hydrothermal method (MH-Co3O4@ZSM-5), dynamic hydrothermal method (DH-Co3O4@ZSM-5), and conventional hydrothermal method (CH-Co3O4/ZSM-5). Their catalytic oxidation of dichloromethane (DCM) was analyzed. Detailed characterizations such as X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), temperature-programmed desorption of O2 (O2-TPD), temperature-programmed desorption of NH3 (NH3-TPD), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectra with NH3 molecules (NH3-DRIFT), and temperature-programmed surface reaction (TPSR) were performed. Results showed that with the assistance of microwave, MH-Co3O4@ZSM-5 formed a uniform core-shell structure, while the other two samples did not. MH-Co3O4@ZSM-5 possessed rich surface adsorbed oxygen species, higher ratio of Co3+/Co2+, strong acidity, high reducibility, and oxygen mobility among the three Co3O4-ZSM-5 catalysts, which was beneficial for the improvement of DCM oxidation. In the oxidation of dichloromethane, MH-Co3O4@ZSM-5 presented the best activity and mineralization, which was consistent with the characterizations results. Meanwhile, according to the TPSR test, HCl or Cl2 removal from the catalyst surface was also promoted in MH-Co3O4@ZSM-5 by their abundant Brønsted acid sites and the promotion of Deacon reaction by Co3O4 or the synergistic effect of Co3O4 and ZSM-5. According to the results of in situ DRIFT studies, a possible reaction pathway of DCM oxidation was proposed over the MH-Co3O4@ZSM-5 catalysts.
The development of novel anode materials, with superior rate capability, is of utmost significance for the successful realization of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, we present a nanocomposite of Nb2O5 and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by using hydrothermal-assisted microemulsion route. The water-in-oil microemulsion formed nanoreactors, which restrained the particle size of Nb2O5 and shortened the diffusion length of ions. Moreover, the rGO network prevented agglomeration of Nb2O5 nanoparticles and improved electronic conductivity. Consequently, Nb2O5@rGO nanocomposite is employed as anode material in SIBs, delivering a capacity of 195 mAh/g after 200 charge/discharge cycles at 0.2 A/g. Moreover, owing to conductive rGO network, the Nb2O5@rGO electrode rendered a specific capacity of 76 mAh/g at high current density of 10 A/g and maintained 98 mAh/g after 1000 charge/discharge cycles at 2 A/g. The Nb2O5@rGO electrode material prepared by microemulsion method shows promising possibilities for application of SIBs.
With excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, natural polysaccharides and their derivatives have exhibited great potential in constructing drug delivery vehicles for tissue engineering and therapeutics. Cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n])-mediated reversible crosslinking of polysaccharides possess intrinsic stimuli-responsiveness towards competitive guests and have been extensively investigated to fabricate various particles and hydrogels for multiple stimuli-responsive drug release by incorporation with other stimuli including photo, redox, and enzyme. Through host-guest interactions between CB[6] and aliphatic diamines, functional tags covalently connected with CB[6] can be readily anchored into polysaccharide-based hydrogels, realizing multiple functionalization. The rheological property and drug release profile of polysaccharide-based supramolecular hydrogels can be facilely tuned through CB[8]-mediated dynamic homo or hetero crosslinking of polysaccharides and/or other polymers. In this review, we introduce and summarize recent progress regarding polysaccharide-based supramolecular drug delivery systems mediated via host-guest interactions of CB[6] and CB[8], covering both bulk hydrogels and particular systems. At the end, possible utilization of CB[7]-based host-guest interactions in constructing polysaccharide-based drug delivery systems and future perspectives of this research direction are also discussed.
The detection of bacterial pathogen such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is essential for the regulation of food hygiene and disease diagnosis. Herein, we developed a simple one-step fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based sensor for specific and sensitive detection of S. aureus in food and serum samples, in which aptamer-modified quantum dots (aptamer-QDs) was employed as the energy donor and antibiotic of teicoplanin functionalized-gold nanoparticles (Teico-AuNPs) was chosen as the energy acceptor. Within 1 h, the FRET-based sensor showed a linear range of from 10 cfu/mL to 5×108 cfu/mL, with the low limit of detection (LOD, 2 cfu/mL) for S. aureus in buffer. When further applied to assay S. aureus in real samples, the FRET-based sensor showed good recoveries ranging from 84.5% to 110.0%, with relative standard derivations (RSDs) of 0.01%–0.44% and a LOD of 100 cfu/mL in milk, orange juice and human serum.
Controlling ions transport across the membrane at different pH environments is essential for the physiological process and artificial systems. Many efforts have been devoted to pH-responsive ion gating, while rarely systems can maintain the rectification in pH-changing environments. Here, a composite nanochannel system is fabricated, which shows unidirectional rectification with high performance in a wide pH range. In the system, block copolymer (BCP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are employed for the amphoteric nanochannels fabrication. Based on the composite system, a model is built for the theoretical simulation. Thereafter, rectification mapping is conducted on the system, which can provide abundant information about the relations between charge distribution and ions transport properties. The proposed rectification mapping can definitely help to design new materials with special ion transport properties, such as high-performance membranes used in the salinity gradient power generation field.
The abuse of antibiotics will cause an increase of drug-resistant strains and environmental pollution, which in turn will affect human health. Therefore, it is important to develop effective detection techniques to determine the level of antibiotics contamination in various fields. Compared with traditional detection methods, electrochemical sensors have received extensive attention due to their advantages such as high sensitivity, low detection limit, and good selectivity. In this mini review, we summarized the latest developments and new trends in electrochemical sensors for antibiotics. Here, modification methods and materials of electrode are discussed. We also pay more attention to the practical applications of antibiotics electrochemical sensors in different fields. In addition, the existing problems and the future challenges ahead have been proposed. We hope that this review can provide new ideas for the development of electrochemical sensors for antibiotics in the future.
Realizing nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to synthesis NH3 under mild conditions has gained extensive attention as a promising alternative way to the energy- and emission-intensive Haber–Bosch process. Among varieties of potential strategies, photoelectrochemical (PEC) NRR exhibits many advantages including utilization of solar energy, water (H2O) as the hydrogen source and ambient operation conditions. Herein, we have designed a solar-driven PEC-NRR system integrating high-efficiency Fe2O3-based photoanode and atomically dispersed cobalt (Co) cathode for ambient NH3 synthesis. Using such solar-driven PEC-NRR system, high-efficiency Fe2O3-based photoanode is responsible for H2O/OH- oxidation, and meanwhile the generated photoelectrons transfer to the single-atom Co cathode for the N2 reduction to NH3. As a result, this system can afford an NH3 yield rate of 1021.5 μg mgCo-1 h-1 and a faradic efficiency of 11.9% at an applied potential bias of 1.2 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode) on photoanode in 0.2 mol/L NaOH electrolyte under simulated sunlight irradiation.
A novel Pd-Fe/α-Al2O3 catalyst was synthesized by incipient-wetness impregnation method with bayberry tannin as chelating promoter and commercial hollow column Raschig ring α-Al2O3 as support for the synthesis of diethyl oxalate from CO and ethyl nitrite. A variety of characterization techniques including N2 physical adsorption, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive system (SEM-EDS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), were employed to explore the relationship between the physicochemical properties and activity of catalysts. It indicated that a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups in bayberry tannin can efficiently anchor the active component Pd, reduce the particle size and make the active Pd as a multi-ring distribution on the commercial α-Al2O3 support, which were beneficial to improve the catalytic activity for the production of diethyl oxalate from CO and ethyl nitrite. 0.3 wt% Pd-Fe/α-Al2O3 showed excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in a continuous flow, fixed-bed reactor with the loading amount of 10 mL catalysts. Under the mild reaction conditions, the space-time yield of diethyl oxalate was 978 g L-1 h-1 and CO conversion was 44% with the selectivity to diethyl oxalate of 95.5%.
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