Latest ArticlesExploring transition metal sulfide electrocatalysts with high-efficiency for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is essential to produce H2 fuel through water splitting. Herein, novel nickel tungsten sulfide heterojunction (NiS-WS2) with a nanowoven ball-like structure were directed synthetized by a facile hydrothermal method. The hierarchical NiS-WS2 exhibited excellent HER activity with a relatively small overpotential of 142 and 137 mV at 10 mA/cm2 in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 and 1 mol/L KOH, which is much better than that of single NiS and WS2. The impressive performance of NiS-WS2 heterojunction is owed to the collective synergy of special morphological and more exposed active sites between the crystal interfacial of NiS and WS2. In addition, the hierarchical NiS-WS2 can facilitate the transport of charge/mass by optimized electronic structure, which further improves the HER activity of electrocatalysts. These outcomes provide a simple method to prospect towards the design and application of heterostructures as efficient electrocatalysts, shedding some light on the development of functional materials in energy chemistry.
Phosphorus-based anode is a promising anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high specific capacity, however, suffers from poor electronic conductivity and unfavorable electrochemical reversibility. Incorporating metals such as copper (Cu) into phosphorus has been demonstrated to not only improve the electronic conductivity but also accommodate the volume change during cycling, yet the underline sodiation mechanism is not clear. Herein, take a copper phosphide and reduced graphene oxide (CuP2/C) composite as an example, which delivers a high reversible capacity of > 900 mAh/g. Interestingly, it is revealed that the native oxidation PO components of the CuP2/C composite show higher electrochemical reversibility than the bulk CuP2, based on a quantitative analysis of high-resolution solid-state 31P NMR, ex-situ XPS and synchrotron X-ray diffraction characterization techniques. The sodiation products Na3PO4 and Na4P2O7 derived from PO could react with Na-P alloys and regenerate to PO during charge process, which probably accounts for the high reversible capacity of the CuP2/C anode. The findings also illustrate that the phosphorus transforms into nanocrystalline Na3P and NaP alloys, which laterally shows crystallization-amorphization evolution process during cycling.
High-efficient rubber antioxidants for enhanced heat resistance without compromising mechanical properties remain an enormous and long-term challenge for the rubber industry. Herein, we employed the in-situ growth of Ce-doped Co-metal-organic framework (CeCo-MOF) in dendritic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (DMONs@CeCo-MOF, denoted as DCCM) to prepare a novel antioxidant that exhibit outstanding thermal stability. Dendritic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (DMONs) effectively alleviated the incompatibility of CeCo-MOF in the polymer matrix, and the effective scavenging of free radicals was attributed to the various oxidation states of metal ions in CeCo-MOF. Surprising, by adding only 0.5 phr (parts per hundred of rubber) of DMONs@CeCo-MOF to silicone rubber, (SR), the retention rate of tensile strength increased from 37.3% to 61.6% after aging 72 h at 250 ℃, and the retention rate of elongation at break of DCCM/SR1 composites reached 68%, which was 5.43 times of SR. The strategy of anchoring MOFs on the surface of silica also provides a viable method for preparing effective compound functionalized rubber antioxidant.
As the global population ages, osteoporotic bone fractures leading to bone defects are increasingly becoming a significant challenge in the field of public health. Treating this disease faces many challenges, especially in the context of an imbalance between osteoblast and osteoclast activities. Therefore, the development of new biomaterials has become the key. This article reviews various design strategies and their advantages and disadvantages for biomaterials aimed at osteoporotic bone defects. Overall, current research progress indicates that innovative design, functionalization, and targeting of materials can significantly enhance bone regeneration under osteoporotic conditions. By comprehensively considering biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and bioactivity, these biomaterials can be further optimized, offering a range of choices and strategies for the repair of osteoporotic bone defects.
Despite ongoing advancements in cancer treatment, the emergence of primary and acquired resistance poses a significant challenge for both traditional chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade therapies. The demand for targeted therapeutics for multidrug-resistant cancer is more important than ever. Peptides, as emerging alternatives to current anticancer drugs, offer exquisite versatility in facilitating the design of novel oncology drugs, with the core superiorities of good biocompatibility and a low tendency to induce drug resistance. This review comprehensively introduces the pharmacological mechanisms of peptide-based drugs and strategies for overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancers, including inducing cell membrane lysis, targeting organelles, activating anticancer immune responses, enhancing drug uptake, targeting ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and targeting B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family proteins. Additionally, the current clinical applications of representative peptides in combating MDR cancers and their potential directions for medicinal chemistry research have been thoroughly discussed. This review offers essential insights into the novel treatment approaches for MDR cancers and highlights the trends and perspectives in this field.
Selective separation of amino acids and proteins is crucial in various areas of research, including proteomics, protein structure and function studies, protein purification and drug development, and biosensing and biodetection. A nanocomposite film is formed by combining layer-by-layer self-assembled gold nanospheres (AuNPs) driven by cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film. Due to the host-guest interactions, the selective transmission of L-tryptophan in the nanocomposite film is confirmed by the current-voltage measurements using a picoammeter. Furthermore, by adjusting the particle size of AuNPs to increase channel size, lysozyme containing multiple tryptophan residues can selectively pass through the nanocomposite film, indicating the high versatility and adaptability of the nanocomposite film. This study will provide a new direction for the selective separation of amino acids and proteins.
The self-assembled nanoparticles (SAN) formed during the decoction process of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) exhibit non-uniform particle sizes and a tendency for aggregation. Our group found that the pH-driven method can improve the self-assembly phenomenon of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall., and the SAN exhibited uniform particle size and demonstrated good stability. In this paper, we analyzed the interactions between the main active compound, herpetrione (Her), and its main carrier, Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall. polysaccharide (HCWP), along with their self-assembly mechanisms under different pH values. The binding constants of Her and HCWP increase with rising pH, leading to the formation of Her-HCWP SAN with a smaller particle size, higher zeta potential, and improved thermal stability. While the contributions of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction to the formation of Her-HCWP SAN increase with rising pH, the hydrophobic force consistently plays a dominant role. This study enhances our scientific understanding of the self-assembly phenomenon of TCM improved by pH driven method.
A supramolecular assembly composed of perylene diimide derivative (PDI-nm) and nor-seco-cucurbit[10]uril (ns-Q[10]) was designed. The excellent host-guest interaction between PDI-nm and ns-Q[10] prevented the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect of PDI-nm, resulting in a luminescent assembly. The addition of spermine to the PDI-nm/ns-Q[10] assembly restored the ACQ of PDI-nm due to the competitive binding of spermine to ns-Q[10], which released PDI-nm. The assembly based on this principle showed ultra-high sensitivity for the detection of spermine with a detection limit as low as 7.84 × 10−7 mol/L in aqueous solution and 3.69 × 10−7 mol/L in plasma solution. Moreover, an artificial light-harvesting system based on this assembly was proposed, benefiting from its good luminescent performance. Nile red (NiR) functioned as an acceptor loaded into assembly, and a highly efficient energy transfer process occurred from PDI-nm/ns-Q[10] to NiR, with an efficiency up to 87%.
Triflumezopyrim (TFM) is a novel mesoionic pyrido[1,2-α]pyrimidinones insecticide, which acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and has no cross-resistance with other insecticides. Herein, we firstly developed a new continuous flow approach to synthesis 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]malonic acid, a key intermate of TFM, coupling with esterification, condensation, and hydrolysis. All three-step reactions were optimized and transformed into a continuous synthesis mode by three micro reaction units. Compared with the batch mode, the total reaction time and overall separation yield were improved from more than 12 h and 60% to 18 min and 73.38%, respectively. The solvent consumption and waste emission were significantly reduced, which also provides an eco-friendly and efficient potential tool for the development and production of mesoionic pyrido[1,2-α]pyrimidinones insecticide.
Ag2CO3-promoted dehydroxymethylative fluorination of aliphatic alcohols has been achieved with Selectfluor as both oxidant and fluorine source. The reaction involves β-fragmentation of primary alkoxy radicals, followed by the fluorination of the resulting C-centered radical intermediates. The transformation proceeds under mild reaction conditions and exhibits a broad substrate scope, thus opening up a new entrance to the synthesis of fluorinated constructs including α-fluoroimides and 1-fluoroalkyl benzoates as well as secondary and tertiary alkyl fluorides like versatile 2-fluoro-2-alkyl 1,3-propandiol derivatives. The divergent functionalization of the obtained α-fluoroimides enables an efficient access to amine derivatives through C–F bond activation under the action of BF3·OEt2.
No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing
010-62662699(Operation and Technical Support)
qkjq@cast.org.cn
Copyright © 2025 China Association for Science and Technology. All rights reserved. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.
Sponsored by the Office of the Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of CAST, and supported by Science and Technology Review Publishing House
