To study the continuous collapse resistance and dynamic response characteristics of the structure after the blasting failure of the local columns of the RC frame building, the deformation and stress adjustment process of the beam-column substructures adjacent to the columns were observed in real-time through an on-site blasting test of the central column of a blasting and demolition project of an 8-storey frame building. The PKPM was used to establish the corresponding building model. Meanwhile, the dynamic response characteristics of the remaining structure under the failure of the central column and the resistance to continuous collapse was calculated by the demolition component method and the demolition component method in SAP 2000. The results show that the theoretical value of strain after the blast failure of the center column is about 260 με using the strain-moment theoretical formula. The dynamic strain measured in the field is about 377 με, and the value calculated by the numerical simulation is about 238 με. The results of the dynamic strain by the three methods are relatively close. The computed value of the vertical displacement at the failure point is 3.2 mm, close to the field displacement of 2.67 mm, and the calculated value of the plastic angle is 0.051°, close to the field angle of 0.05°. The remaining structure experienced a significant dynamic impact at the instant of the central column failure, and the acceleration values along the positive and negative directions are roughly the same, with a maximum value of 3.5 m/s. After the failure of the central column, the load redistribution occurs in the remaining structure, and the vertical load originally borne by the central column is shared by the surrounding columns, resulting in a significant catenary effect on the upper beam body.