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Shallow hole blasting is com in roadway or tunnel excavation, which has the disadvantages of more work cycles, less footage per cycle and low excavation speed. Meanwhile, deep-hole blasting which is widely used in mining engineering usually adopts continuous charge structure. This brings problems such as high charge quantity per delay, significant blast-induced harmful effect and high boulder yield. To overcome these problems, it is effective to adopt the in-hole sectional blasting technique. Firstly, key factors such as charging structure, charging materials, decking length, sectional delay and charging method are emphatically introduced based on the patents of in-hole sectional blasting in recent years. Then, taking the open-pit bench blasting of a mine adjacent to a railway as an example, the new two-deck charge blasting technology with rock powder barrier as the decking material was presented and compared with the traditional continuous charge blasting technology. After application of the new technique, the boulder yield was reduced by 54%, preventing secondary blasting. At the same time, the explosive usage was saved by 20%. The blasting vibration at the nearest monitoring point to the railway was reduced by 7.62%, and the flying rocks were all within the allowable range. The new technical scheme can also make the bench surface smoother after loading and transporting, which is more conducive to the subsequent stage of blasting operations.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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