Article(id=1315688491325968744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, issueId=1315688435411694395, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2025.12.393, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1749744000000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1791614180642, onlineDateStr=2026-10-10, pubDate=1765296000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1791614180642, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1791614180642, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1791614180642, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1315688435411694395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, year='2025', volume='40', issue='12', pageStart='2487', pageEnd='2712', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1765296000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-10', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1791614167309, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1791616084449, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1315696476567744680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, issueId=1315688435411694395, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1315696476571938985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, issueId=1315688435411694395, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=2513, endPage=2519, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1315688491552461161, articleId=1315688491325968744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, language=EN, title=Normalization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Termsfor Sarcopenia Basedon Ancient Literature, columnId=1315688436321858365, journalTitle=Acta Chinese Medicine, columnName=Monographic Study: Multidimensional Innovative Research on the Treatment of Sarcopenia in the Elderly with Traditional Chinese Medicine, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective:To systematically review the disease names and symptom terminology related to sarcopenia in ancient medical texts and to establish standardized traditional Chinese medicine recommended terminology for sarcopenia.Methods:According to standards such as Clinical Terminology ofTraditional Chinese Medicine and Classification and Codes ofTCM Diseases and Symptoms,vocabulary related to flesh,tendons,and bones was selected as search terms and searched in the 5th edition of Zhong Hua Yi Dian database.The retrieved entries were standardized through deduplication,review,information completion,and unification of variant characters,and then recorded in an Excel program following the template″year-author-book-chapter-original text″to build the″Ancient Medical Text Corpus for Sarcopenia″database.Following the principles of terminology standardization,TCMterms were extracted from the corpus,preferred terms and synonyms were determined,meanings were analyzed based on sarcopenia diagnostic criteria,and after usability evaluation,recommended terms and definitions were finalized to complete the standardization.Results:A total of 3732 entries related to sarcopenia were obtained from 1156 ancient TCMtexts,from which 154 TCMterms were extracted and 14 recommended terms for sarcope nia were formed. Conclusion:Five disease name terms(Rouwei,Zhiwei,Rouji,Tuorou,Roushuo)and nine symptom terms(Rouxiao,Rouhuan,Rouxian,Pojiong,Xieyi,Duoye,quadriplegia,limping,hand and foot dysfunction)were proposed as recommended normalized TCMterms for sarcopenia.

, authors=Ruizhe DING1, Peiyuan ZHAO1, 2, 3, Peixu ZHANG1, 2, 3, Xihong LIU1, 2, 3, Gai GAO2, 3, Zhishen XIE2, 3, Xiaowei ZHANG2, 3, Zhenqiang ZHANG2, 3, authorsList=Ruizhe DING, Peiyuan ZHAO, Peixu ZHANG, Xihong LIU, Gai GAO, Zhishen XIE, Xiaowei ZHANG, Zhenqiang ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Zhenqiang ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1315688494677217678, articleId=1315688491325968744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, language=CN, title=基于古籍文献的肌少症中医术语规范化研究, columnId=1315688436489630527, journalTitle=中医学报, columnName=专题研究:中医药治疗老年肌少症的多维创新研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的:系统梳理古籍文献中的肌少症相关病名及症状术语,形成肌少症中医规范化推荐术语。方法:根据《中医临床诊疗术语》《中医病症分类与代码》等规范选取肉、筋、骨相关词汇为检索词,在第5版《中华医典》数据库中进行检索。检索条文经去重、审核、补全信息、统一异体字等规范化处理后,按“年代-作者-书名-章节-原文”的模板录入Excel程序构建“肌少症古籍文献语料库”。遵循术语规范化原则从语料库中提取中医术语、确定首选术语及同义术语,依据肌少症诊断标准进行词义辨析,经适用性评估后选取推荐术语、制定术语释义,完成规范化。结果:从1 156部中医古籍文献中获得肌少症相关条文3 732条,提取中医术语154个,形成肌少症推荐术语14个。结论:提出5个病名术语(肉痿、肢痿、肉极、脱肉、肉烁)及9个症状术语(肉消、肉缓、肉陷、破、解、亸曳、四肢不收、四肢不举、手足不遂)作为肌少症中医规范化推荐术语。

, authors=丁睿哲1, 赵培源1, 2, 3, 张培旭1, 2, 3, 刘喜红1, 2, 3, 高改2, 3, 谢治深2, 3, 张效威2, 3, 张振强2, 3, authorsList=丁睿哲, 赵培源, 张培旭, 刘喜红, 高改, 谢治深, 张效威, 张振强, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张振强, authorNote=

丁睿哲(1993 -),男,河南新蔡人,博士研究生,主要从事中医医史文献与中西医结合防治慢性病的研究。

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张振强(1971-),男,医学博士,教授,博士研究生导师,主要从事中医药防治衰老相关疾病研究。E-mail:
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丁睿哲(1993 -),男,河南新蔡人,博士研究生,主要从事中医医史文献与中西医结合防治慢性病的研究。

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丁睿哲(1993 -),男,河南新蔡人,博士研究生,主要从事中医医史文献与中西医结合防治慢性病的研究。

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朝代作者著作章节原文
唐孙思邈《备急千金要方》筋极凡筋极者主肝也,肝应筋,筋与肝合,肝有病从筋生
宋太医院《圣济总录》肾脏虚损骨痿羸瘦肾若虚损,则髓竭骨枯,阳气既衰,身体无以滋养,所以骨痿肌肤损削而形羸瘦也
明张介宾《类经》骨枯肉陷真脏脉见者死肩垂项倾,腰重膝败者,大骨之枯槁也尺肤既削,臀肉必枯,大肉之陷下也
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498124935635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

肌少症古籍文献语料库内容表(部分)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
朝代作者著作章节原文
唐孙思邈《备急千金要方》筋极凡筋极者主肝也,肝应筋,筋与肝合,肝有病从筋生
宋太医院《圣济总录》肾脏虚损骨痿羸瘦肾若虚损,则髓竭骨枯,阳气既衰,身体无以滋养,所以骨痿肌肤损削而形羸瘦也
明张介宾《类经》骨枯肉陷真脏脉见者死肩垂项倾,腰重膝败者,大骨之枯槁也尺肤既削,臀肉必枯,大肉之陷下也
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498192044500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病名术语最早出处症状特点现代标准收录情况
痿病《素问·痿论》肢体筋脉迟缓,软弱无力《中医临床诊疗术语》
痿躄《素问·痿论》下肢痿弱无力,肌肉萎缩《中医临床诊疗术语》
肉痿《素问·痿论》肌肉萎缩,肢体痿弱无力《中医临床诊疗术语》
肢痿《素问·气交变大论》四肢运动障碍,肌肉萎缩《中医病证分类与代码》
瘫痿《医林改错·瘫痿论》两腿瘫痿未收录
肉极《备急千金要方·脾脏方》肌肉痿弱困怠未收录
肉烁《素问·逆调论》肌肉消烁不荣未收录
脱肉《素问·玉机真脏论》肌肉极度瘦削未收录
腲腿《医说·腲腿》四肢不收,腰脚缓弱无力《中医临床诊疗术语》
筋痿《素问·痿论》肢体屈不能伸,痿弱不用《中医病证分类与代码》
骨痿《素问·痿论》下肢肌肉萎缩,不能行动《中医病证分类与代码》
骨蚀《灵枢·刺节真邪》肌肉萎缩,跛行《中医临床诊疗术语》
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498259153365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

肌少症中医病名术语表(部分)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病名术语最早出处症状特点现代标准收录情况
痿病《素问·痿论》肢体筋脉迟缓,软弱无力《中医临床诊疗术语》
痿躄《素问·痿论》下肢痿弱无力,肌肉萎缩《中医临床诊疗术语》
肉痿《素问·痿论》肌肉萎缩,肢体痿弱无力《中医临床诊疗术语》
肢痿《素问·气交变大论》四肢运动障碍,肌肉萎缩《中医病证分类与代码》
瘫痿《医林改错·瘫痿论》两腿瘫痿未收录
肉极《备急千金要方·脾脏方》肌肉痿弱困怠未收录
肉烁《素问·逆调论》肌肉消烁不荣未收录
脱肉《素问·玉机真脏论》肌肉极度瘦削未收录
腲腿《医说·腲腿》四肢不收,腰脚缓弱无力《中医临床诊疗术语》
筋痿《素问·痿论》肢体屈不能伸,痿弱不用《中医病证分类与代码》
骨痿《素问·痿论》下肢肌肉萎缩,不能行动《中医病证分类与代码》
骨蚀《灵枢·刺节真邪》肌肉萎缩,跛行《中医临床诊疗术语》
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498326262230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
症状术语最早出处原文
肉消《齐东野语·王魁传》积久为寒中洞泄,气脱肉消,饮食不前而死
肉陷《素问·玉机真脏论》大骨枯槁,大肉陷下,胸中气满,喘息不便,其气动形,期六月死
肉缓《针灸甲乙经·经脉根结》故候暴病者取之太阳,视有余不足,溃缓者皮肉缓膲而弱也
破《素问·玉机真脏论》肩项身热,破脱肉,目眶陷,真脏见
羸瘦《金匮要略·血痹虚劳病脉证并治》五劳虚极羸瘦,腹满不能饮食……内有干血,肌肤甲错,两目黯黑,缓中补虚,大黄虫丸主之
解《素问·四时刺逆从论》气血乃竭,令人解
亸曳《备急千金要方·诸风》治风懿不能言,四肢不收,手足亸曳,独活汤方痱之为病也,身无痛者,四肢不收;智乱不甚,其言微知,
四肢不收《灵枢·热病》可治;甚则不能言,不可治也
四肢不举《素问·阴阳别论》三阳三阴发病,为偏枯痿易,四肢不举
足不任身《针灸甲乙经·八虚受病发拘挛》暴拘挛,痫眩,足不任身,取天柱主之
足不收行《素问·脏气法时论》脾病者,身重,善肌肉萎,足不收行,善瘛,足下痛
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498397565399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

肌少症中医症状术语表(部分)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
症状术语最早出处原文
肉消《齐东野语·王魁传》积久为寒中洞泄,气脱肉消,饮食不前而死
肉陷《素问·玉机真脏论》大骨枯槁,大肉陷下,胸中气满,喘息不便,其气动形,期六月死
肉缓《针灸甲乙经·经脉根结》故候暴病者取之太阳,视有余不足,溃缓者皮肉缓膲而弱也
破《素问·玉机真脏论》肩项身热,破脱肉,目眶陷,真脏见
羸瘦《金匮要略·血痹虚劳病脉证并治》五劳虚极羸瘦,腹满不能饮食……内有干血,肌肤甲错,两目黯黑,缓中补虚,大黄虫丸主之
解《素问·四时刺逆从论》气血乃竭,令人解
亸曳《备急千金要方·诸风》治风懿不能言,四肢不收,手足亸曳,独活汤方痱之为病也,身无痛者,四肢不收;智乱不甚,其言微知,
四肢不收《灵枢·热病》可治;甚则不能言,不可治也
四肢不举《素问·阴阳别论》三阳三阴发病,为偏枯痿易,四肢不举
足不任身《针灸甲乙经·八虚受病发拘挛》暴拘挛,痫眩,足不任身,取天柱主之
足不收行《素问·脏气法时论》脾病者,身重,善肌肉萎,足不收行,善瘛,足下痛
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498456285656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病名术语症状特点肌少症诊断标准符合情况
肉极大肉尽脱,肌肉痿软无力①②③
脱肉大肉尽脱,瘦削无力①②③
肉痿四肢痿废、无力①②
肢痿四肢痿废、无力①②
肉烁四肢发热,肌肉消烁,痿弱无力①②
消渴消瘦①
虚劳神疲乏力③
痿证泛指一类痿病,共同点为运动障碍③
筋痿肢体挛急,屈不能伸③
骨痿骨骼痿弱无力,难于直立③
骨蚀骨弱跛行,下肢难立③
痿躄下肢痿软③
脉痿关节松弛,足胫软弱③
瘫痿下肢痿废③
腲腿下肢痿废③
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498523394521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

肌少症中医病名术语辨析表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病名术语症状特点肌少症诊断标准符合情况
肉极大肉尽脱,肌肉痿软无力①②③
脱肉大肉尽脱,瘦削无力①②③
肉痿四肢痿废、无力①②
肢痿四肢痿废、无力①②
肉烁四肢发热,肌肉消烁,痿弱无力①②
消渴消瘦①
虚劳神疲乏力③
痿证泛指一类痿病,共同点为运动障碍③
筋痿肢体挛急,屈不能伸③
骨痿骨骼痿弱无力,难于直立③
骨蚀骨弱跛行,下肢难立③
痿躄下肢痿软③
脉痿关节松弛,足胫软弱③
瘫痿下肢痿废③
腲腿下肢痿废③
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498603086298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
症状术语症状特点肌少症诊断标准符合情况
四肢不举四肢肌肉萎缩,无法自主抬举①③
解筋骨懈怠,肢体困倦无力②③
亸曳手足筋脉迟缓无力,下垂不收②③
四肢不收手足软弱无力,活动艰难②③
羸瘦形体消瘦①
肉消肌肉匮乏①
肉缓肌肉松弛,消瘦干枯①
肉陷肌肉消瘦而低陷①
破肌肉极度瘦削①
尪羸消瘦见骨,肌肉几近消失①
筋弛筋脉松弛,肌肉瘫软无力②
节缓关节松软无力,肢体缓纵不收③
足不收行两足软弱,行走时收引无力,举步艰难③
手足不遂手足不能自如活动③
体惰四肢懈怠不收肉苛③
肌肉麻木不仁,四肢重着③
肢惰手足怠惰,松懈如脱,沉重难举③
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498699555291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

肌少症中医症状术语辨析表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
症状术语症状特点肌少症诊断标准符合情况
四肢不举四肢肌肉萎缩,无法自主抬举①③
解筋骨懈怠,肢体困倦无力②③
亸曳手足筋脉迟缓无力,下垂不收②③
四肢不收手足软弱无力,活动艰难②③
羸瘦形体消瘦①
肉消肌肉匮乏①
肉缓肌肉松弛,消瘦干枯①
肉陷肌肉消瘦而低陷①
破肌肉极度瘦削①
尪羸消瘦见骨,肌肉几近消失①
筋弛筋脉松弛,肌肉瘫软无力②
节缓关节松软无力,肢体缓纵不收③
足不收行两足软弱,行走时收引无力,举步艰难③
手足不遂手足不能自如活动③
体惰四肢懈怠不收肉苛③
肌肉麻木不仁,四肢重着③
肢惰手足怠惰,松懈如脱,沉重难举③
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498779247068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病名术语同义术语术语释义及制定方式
肉痿肌痿、脾痿释义:因脾虚失运,不能输精以濡养肌肉,或湿浊伤及经络、肌肉所致。症见肌肉萎缩,麻痹不仁,肢体痿弱无力、不用
方式:《中医临床诊疗术语 第1部分:疾病》
肢痿肢萎、痿痹释义:因感染寒湿热毒,或接触毒物、饮食失节,痰瘀等邪痹阻经络,或因精血亏虚,筋肉失养所致。症见四肢末端对称性感觉与运动障碍,肌肉萎缩,皮肤薄嫩干燥,出汗异常
方式:《中医临床诊疗术语 第1部分:疾病》
肉极肌极释义:因津血虚耗,荣卫失度,不能流利机关所致。症见形体瘦削,大肉尽脱,皮肤干燥,饮食不香,肌肉、筋骨痿软无力,行动困难
方式:自拟。参考《备急千金要方·脾脏方》云:“凡肉极者,主脾也。脾应肉,肉与脾合……脾风之状,多汗阴动伤寒,寒则虚,虚则体重怠堕,四肢不欲举。”《考证病源·五劳六极皆缘火烁乎天真》云:“六极皆因二火无制,煎烁天真,气血精神日渐衰弱不能充养一身,以致病成六极。”
脱肉脱形、形肉脱释义:因后天失养或劳倦内伤,脾虚气血生化不足,全身失养所致。症见大肉陷下,瘦削如脱,食欲不振,少气懒言,倦怠乏力
方式:自拟。参考《类经·诊尺论疾》云:“脱肉者,寒热不治。尺肉弱者,肌必消瘦……无邪而脱肉寒热者,真阴败也,故不治。”
肉烁释义:因阳热亢盛,煎熬津液,阳气停滞于肌表,肌肉消烁不荣所致。症见四肢发热如被火炙、遇风寒加剧,肌肉痿软无力或皮肤枯燥附着于骨
方式:自拟。参考《素问·逆调论》言:“人有四支热,逢风寒如灸如火者何也?岐伯曰:是人者,阴气虚,阳气盛……如灸如火者,是人当肉烁也。”
), ArticleFig(id=1315688498850550237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1315121837170065538, articleId=1315688491325968744, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

肌少症中医病名规范化术语表

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病名术语同义术语术语释义及制定方式
肉痿肌痿、脾痿释义:因脾虚失运,不能输精以濡养肌肉,或湿浊伤及经络、肌肉所致。症见肌肉萎缩,麻痹不仁,肢体痿弱无力、不用
方式:《中医临床诊疗术语 第1部分:疾病》
肢痿肢萎、痿痹释义:因感染寒湿热毒,或接触毒物、饮食失节,痰瘀等邪痹阻经络,或因精血亏虚,筋肉失养所致。症见四肢末端对称性感觉与运动障碍,肌肉萎缩,皮肤薄嫩干燥,出汗异常
方式:《中医临床诊疗术语 第1部分:疾病》
肉极肌极释义:因津血虚耗,荣卫失度,不能流利机关所致。症见形体瘦削,大肉尽脱,皮肤干燥,饮食不香,肌肉、筋骨痿软无力,行动困难
方式:自拟。参考《备急千金要方·脾脏方》云:“凡肉极者,主脾也。脾应肉,肉与脾合……脾风之状,多汗阴动伤寒,寒则虚,虚则体重怠堕,四肢不欲举。”《考证病源·五劳六极皆缘火烁乎天真》云:“六极皆因二火无制,煎烁天真,气血精神日渐衰弱不能充养一身,以致病成六极。”
脱肉脱形、形肉脱释义:因后天失养或劳倦内伤,脾虚气血生化不足,全身失养所致。症见大肉陷下,瘦削如脱,食欲不振,少气懒言,倦怠乏力
方式:自拟。参考《类经·诊尺论疾》云:“脱肉者,寒热不治。尺肉弱者,肌必消瘦……无邪而脱肉寒热者,真阴败也,故不治。”
肉烁释义:因阳热亢盛,煎熬津液,阳气停滞于肌表,肌肉消烁不荣所致。症见四肢发热如被火炙、遇风寒加剧,肌肉痿软无力或皮肤枯燥附着于骨
方式:自拟。参考《素问·逆调论》言:“人有四支热,逢风寒如灸如火者何也?岐伯曰:是人者,阴气虚,阳气盛……如灸如火者,是人当肉烁也。”
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症状术语同义术语术语释义及制定方式
肉消消瘦、瘦削释义:肌肉匮乏,形容消瘦
方式:自拟。参考《齐东野语·王魁传》云:“或谓心脏有热,劝服治心经诸冷药,积久为寒中洞泄,气脱肉消,饮食不前而死。”
肉缓缓膲、宛膲释义:肌肉松弛,消瘦干枯
方式:自拟。参考《针灸甲乙经·经脉根结》云:“故候暴病者取之太阳,视有余不足,溃缓者皮肉缓膲而弱也。”《外台秘要·石发热目赤方一十一首》云:“脾风肉缓而重。”
肉陷大肉陷下释义:肌肉消瘦而低陷,肩、臂、股、胫等处骨节显露,形容瘦削如脱
方式:自拟。参考《素问·玉机真脏论》云:“大骨大肉,两臂两股之骨肉也。大骨枯槁,肾病也。大肉陷下,脾病也。”
破释义:丰满、隆起的肌肉消损痿瘦,形容肌肉极度瘦削
方式:自拟。参考《素问·玉机真脏论》云:“身热脱肉破,真脏见,十日之内死。”
解懈惰、懈怠释义:肢体困倦,筋骨懈怠,肌肉涣散无力
方式:自拟。参考《类经·诊尺论疾》云:“尺肉弱者,解安卧……尺肉弱者,肌必消瘦,肉瘦阴虚,当为解。解者,身体困倦,故欲安卧。”
亸曳释义:亸则偏而不举,曳则弛而不随,形容手足筋脉迟缓无力,下垂不收
方式:自拟。参考《灵枢·口问》云:“风亸曳候云,肢体弛缓不收摄也……经脉虚则筋肉懈惰,故风邪搏于筋而使亸曳也。”
四肢不收手足不收释义:手足瘫废或软弱无力,活动艰难
方式:自拟。参考《类证治裁·中风论治》云:“四肢不收。诸阳经皆取于手足,循行身体。如邪气客于肌肤,随其虚处停滞与气血相搏,故肢不举。”
四肢不举释义:肢体筋脉弛缓、肌肉萎缩、肌张力下降,严重时无法自主抬举四肢
方式:自拟。参考《简明医彀·四肢不举》云:“足受血而能步,手受血而能摄,掌受血而能握。动言视听,无非血养……无血以养,故不能举动也。”
手足不遂手足不随释义:手足不能自如活动,持物不稳,行走困难
方式:自拟。参考《圣济总录·风湿痹身体手足不随》云:“风寒湿气搏于气血,不得宣通,则真邪相击,肌内尽痛。或皮肤痹,甚则邪气深入于诸阳之经。阳气行迟,不能荣养于筋,故机关弛纵,筋脉不能收摄,而令身体手足不随也。”
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肌少症中医症状规范化术语表

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症状术语同义术语术语释义及制定方式
肉消消瘦、瘦削释义:肌肉匮乏,形容消瘦
方式:自拟。参考《齐东野语·王魁传》云:“或谓心脏有热,劝服治心经诸冷药,积久为寒中洞泄,气脱肉消,饮食不前而死。”
肉缓缓膲、宛膲释义:肌肉松弛,消瘦干枯
方式:自拟。参考《针灸甲乙经·经脉根结》云:“故候暴病者取之太阳,视有余不足,溃缓者皮肉缓膲而弱也。”《外台秘要·石发热目赤方一十一首》云:“脾风肉缓而重。”
肉陷大肉陷下释义:肌肉消瘦而低陷,肩、臂、股、胫等处骨节显露,形容瘦削如脱
方式:自拟。参考《素问·玉机真脏论》云:“大骨大肉,两臂两股之骨肉也。大骨枯槁,肾病也。大肉陷下,脾病也。”
破释义:丰满、隆起的肌肉消损痿瘦,形容肌肉极度瘦削
方式:自拟。参考《素问·玉机真脏论》云:“身热脱肉破,真脏见,十日之内死。”
解懈惰、懈怠释义:肢体困倦,筋骨懈怠,肌肉涣散无力
方式:自拟。参考《类经·诊尺论疾》云:“尺肉弱者,解安卧……尺肉弱者,肌必消瘦,肉瘦阴虚,当为解。解者,身体困倦,故欲安卧。”
亸曳释义:亸则偏而不举,曳则弛而不随,形容手足筋脉迟缓无力,下垂不收
方式:自拟。参考《灵枢·口问》云:“风亸曳候云,肢体弛缓不收摄也……经脉虚则筋肉懈惰,故风邪搏于筋而使亸曳也。”
四肢不收手足不收释义:手足瘫废或软弱无力,活动艰难
方式:自拟。参考《类证治裁·中风论治》云:“四肢不收。诸阳经皆取于手足,循行身体。如邪气客于肌肤,随其虚处停滞与气血相搏,故肢不举。”
四肢不举释义:肢体筋脉弛缓、肌肉萎缩、肌张力下降,严重时无法自主抬举四肢
方式:自拟。参考《简明医彀·四肢不举》云:“足受血而能步,手受血而能摄,掌受血而能握。动言视听,无非血养……无血以养,故不能举动也。”
手足不遂手足不随释义:手足不能自如活动,持物不稳,行走困难
方式:自拟。参考《圣济总录·风湿痹身体手足不随》云:“风寒湿气搏于气血,不得宣通,则真邪相击,肌内尽痛。或皮肤痹,甚则邪气深入于诸阳之经。阳气行迟,不能荣养于筋,故机关弛纵,筋脉不能收摄,而令身体手足不随也。”
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基于古籍文献的肌少症中医术语规范化研究
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丁睿哲 1 , 赵培源 1, 2, 3 , 张培旭 1, 2, 3 , 刘喜红 1, 2, 3 , 高改 2, 3 , 谢治深 2, 3 , 张效威 2, 3 , 张振强 2, 3
中医学报 | 专题研究:中医药治疗老年肌少症的多维创新研究 2025,40(12): 2513-2519
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中医学报 |专题研究:中医药治疗老年肌少症的多维创新研究 2025 , 40 (12) : 2513 -2519
基于古籍文献的肌少症中医术语规范化研究
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丁睿哲(1993 -),男,河南新蔡人,博士研究生,主要从事中医医史文献与中西医结合防治慢性病的研究。

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丁睿哲(1993 -),男,河南新蔡人,博士研究生,主要从事中医医史文献与中西医结合防治慢性病的研究。

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丁睿哲1, 赵培源1, 2, 3, 张培旭1, 2, 3, 刘喜红1, 2, 3, 高改2, 3, 谢治深2, 3, 张效威2, 3, 张振强2, 3
作者信息
  • 1河南中医药大学中医学院(仲景学院),河南郑州 450046
  • 2河南中医药大学中西医防治重大疾病河南省协同创新中心,河南郑州 450046
  • 3河南中医药大学豫药全产业链研发河南省协同创新中心,河南郑州 450046
通讯作者:
张振强(1971-),男,医学博士,教授,博士研究生导师,主要从事中医药防治衰老相关疾病研究。E-mail:
作者简介:

丁睿哲(1993 -),男,河南新蔡人,博士研究生,主要从事中医医史文献与中西医结合防治慢性病的研究。

Normalization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Termsfor Sarcopenia Basedon Ancient Literature
Ruizhe DING1, Peiyuan ZHAO1, 2, 3, Peixu ZHANG1, 2, 3, Xihong LIU1, 2, 3, Gai GAO2, 3, Zhishen XIE2, 3, Xiaowei ZHANG2, 3, Zhenqiang ZHANG2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou China 450046
  • 2Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou Henan China, 450046
  • 3Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou Henan China 450046
出版时间: 2025-12-10 doi: 10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2025.12.393
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目的:系统梳理古籍文献中的肌少症相关病名及症状术语,形成肌少症中医规范化推荐术语。方法:根据《中医临床诊疗术语》《中医病症分类与代码》等规范选取肉、筋、骨相关词汇为检索词,在第5版《中华医典》数据库中进行检索。检索条文经去重、审核、补全信息、统一异体字等规范化处理后,按“年代-作者-书名-章节-原文”的模板录入Excel程序构建“肌少症古籍文献语料库”。遵循术语规范化原则从语料库中提取中医术语、确定首选术语及同义术语,依据肌少症诊断标准进行词义辨析,经适用性评估后选取推荐术语、制定术语释义,完成规范化。结果:从1 156部中医古籍文献中获得肌少症相关条文3 732条,提取中医术语154个,形成肌少症推荐术语14个。结论:提出5个病名术语(肉痿、肢痿、肉极、脱肉、肉烁)及9个症状术语(肉消、肉缓、肉陷、破、解、亸曳、四肢不收、四肢不举、手足不遂)作为肌少症中医规范化推荐术语。

肌少症  /  术语  /  规范化研究  /  中医学

Objective:To systematically review the disease names and symptom terminology related to sarcopenia in ancient medical texts and to establish standardized traditional Chinese medicine recommended terminology for sarcopenia.Methods:According to standards such as Clinical Terminology ofTraditional Chinese Medicine and Classification and Codes ofTCM Diseases and Symptoms,vocabulary related to flesh,tendons,and bones was selected as search terms and searched in the 5th edition of Zhong Hua Yi Dian database.The retrieved entries were standardized through deduplication,review,information completion,and unification of variant characters,and then recorded in an Excel program following the template″year-author-book-chapter-original text″to build the″Ancient Medical Text Corpus for Sarcopenia″database.Following the principles of terminology standardization,TCMterms were extracted from the corpus,preferred terms and synonyms were determined,meanings were analyzed based on sarcopenia diagnostic criteria,and after usability evaluation,recommended terms and definitions were finalized to complete the standardization.Results:A total of 3732 entries related to sarcopenia were obtained from 1156 ancient TCMtexts,from which 154 TCMterms were extracted and 14 recommended terms for sarcope nia were formed. Conclusion:Five disease name terms(Rouwei,Zhiwei,Rouji,Tuorou,Roushuo)and nine symptom terms(Rouxiao,Rouhuan,Rouxian,Pojiong,Xieyi,Duoye,quadriplegia,limping,hand and foot dysfunction)were proposed as recommended normalized TCMterms for sarcopenia.

sarcopenia  /  term  /  normalization research  /  traditional Chinese medicine
丁睿哲, 赵培源, 张培旭, 刘喜红, 高改, 谢治深, 张效威, 张振强. 基于古籍文献的肌少症中医术语规范化研究. 中医学报, 2025 , 40 (12) : 2513 -2519 . DOI: 10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2025.12.393
Ruizhe DING, Peiyuan ZHAO, Peixu ZHANG, Xihong LIU, Gai GAO, Zhishen XIE, Xiaowei ZHANG, Zhenqiang ZHANG. Normalization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Termsfor Sarcopenia Basedon Ancient Literature[J]. Acta Chinese Medicine, 2025 , 40 (12) : 2513 -2519 . DOI: 10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2025.12.393
肌少症是以肌肉量减少、肌肉力量下降和(或)躯体功能障碍为主要临床特征的老年综合征[1]。肌少症的发病与衰老关系密切,可增加衰弱、跌扑、残疾甚至死亡等不良结局的发生风险,已成为严重影响老年人生活质量与寿命的全球性健康问题。目前临床缺乏治疗肌少症的有效手段,而中医药在防治此类慢性病方面具有独特优势[2]。然而,目前肌少症的中医学病名尚未达成共识[3],其症状术语也不明晰,不利于中医临床诊疗及学术研究。因此迫切需要对肌少症的中医术语进行规范,为中医现代化奠定基础。
术语规范化是文献研究的基础,旨在避免研究过程中因一词多义、一义多词、词义演变等不规范现象造成的概念模糊问题[4]。中医古籍中并无“肌少症”的病名记载,但历代医家在“肌肉痿废”“四肢痿软不用”等方面的论述颇多,最早可追溯到《黄帝内经》,载:“阳明虚则宗筋纵,带脉不引,故足痿不用也。”本研究将基于古籍文献,采用规范化术语研究方法系统梳理中医古籍文献中的肌少症相关术语,促进中医学术交流与学科建设。
《中华医典》数据库收录的公元前221年至公元1949年的1156部中医古籍文献。
参考《中医药学名词》[5]、《中医临床诊疗术语第1部分:疾病》[6]、《中医临床诊疗术语第2部分:证候》[7],选取符合《中国肌肉减少症诊疗指南(2024版)》[1]中肌少症描述的中医“肉”“筋”“骨”相关词汇为检索词。
(1)条文具有明确出处的文献;(2)条文内容及出处相同的文献仅在第一次出现时纳入;(3)来自不同古籍或相同古籍不同章节的重复条文,视为观点强化,予重复纳入。
(1)条文过于简洁或描述不清晰,无法判断是否与肌少症相关;(2)针灸推拿类古籍中,经脉循行、腧穴主治功效类条文;(3)医案医话类古籍中,症状描述不清晰,或治法、方药不明确的条文。满足以上任意一条即排除。
采用多人录入模式,将纳入的条文依据第5版《中华医典》数据库导出模板“检索词-书名-章节-原文”的规范,录入Microsoft Excel 2024程序中,形成原始语料。
利用SPSS28.0.1.1对原始语料中的检索词及其对应条文数进行频次统计分析。
对古籍条文中不符合现代标准的异体字、繁体字等,参考《中医病症分类与代码》[8]、《中医词释》[9]、《汉字标准字典》[10]进行统一。
语料库的构建过程遵循适用性、忠实性、一致性原则[11]。将规范化后的古籍条文以逗号为标识符对原始语料分词,并根据条文中的“书名”信息查阅补全“作者”及“年代”信息,以模板“年代-作者-书名-章节-原文”的标准录入Microsoft Excel2024程序中,构建“肌少症古籍文献语料库”。
“肌少症古籍文献语料库”中收录的古籍条文。
以国家标准《术语工作原则与方法》[12]为依据,参考《中医临床诊疗术语第1部分:疾病》[6]、《中医临床诊疗术语第2部分:证候》[7]、《中医病证分类与代码》[8]、《中医证候鉴别诊断学》[13]、《中医临床常见症状术语规范》[14]、《中医临床基本症状信息分类与代码》[15]对古籍条文采用人工标注的方式抽取其中的病名术语及症状术语。
本研究的术语规范化研究遵循以下原则:(1)科学归类。科学、系统地收集文献中的病名术语、症状术语,依据其固有含义、引申含义进行筛选、分类,判断两个或多个术语间的关系是否为同义术语。(2)准确表述。基于中医理论,每条术语应简洁、规范、清晰,不存在歧义,不应掺杂个人观点。(3)规范原则。遵循准确性、稳定性、实用性、继承性、先进性、权威性的原则[16-18]。
首选术语指当一个概念存在多个可描述的术语时,官方最为推荐或使用频率最高的术语;同义术语指与首选术语表达同一概念的其他术语。首选术语的选取遵循以下原则:(1)有明确的出处;(2)语义完整;(3)语义单一;(4)有明确的定义;(5)若现代表达与古语表达同时出现,以现代表达方式为首选[12]。
病名术语辨析依据《中国肌肉减少症诊疗指南(2024版)》中的肌少症诊断标准:(1)肌肉量减少;(2)肌肉力量下降;(3)躯体功能障碍。符合(1)时提示肌少症;符合(1)(2)或(1)(3)时确诊为肌少症;符合(1)(2)(3)时提示重度肌少症。症状术语辨析则满足(1)(2)(3)中的任意一项即可纳入。
对词义辨析后纳入的术语进行适用性评估,选取推荐术语。评估原则参考以下几点:(1)与肌少症诊断标准的符合程度。优先考虑符合多项诊断标准的术语,单项诊断标准优先度由高到低依次为①②③;(2)收录于现代标准中的术语是否与其他疾病或症状高度关联,是否存在歧义;(3)未收录于现代标准中的术语是否与其他词汇存在歧义;(4)是否存在生僻字。
对选取的推荐术语制定术语释义,完成肌少症中医术语的规范化。术语释义制定方式以现代术语标准为主,遵循以下原则:若首选术语及其同义术语收录于现代术语标准中,根据现代术语标准制定该术语释义;若首选术语及其同义术语均未收录于现代术语标准中,则参考中医古籍原文内容并依据《术语工作原则与方法》自拟该术语释义。
本研究选取了73个检索词,在《中华医典》收录的1156部中医古籍文献中共检索条文10697条,根据纳入标准与排除标准审核,最终纳入条文3732条。
频数统计结果显示:“肉”相关词汇(如肉痿、肉极、肉陷、脱肉、肉濡而却)出现频次最高,共2 363次;其次为“骨”相关词汇(如骨痿、骨蚀、骨枯、骨痠、骨消)共714次;“筋”相关词汇(如筋痿、筋弱、筋弛、筋屈、筋极)共426次。同时涉及肉、筋、骨多个要素的词汇(如筋骨解堕、骨肉不相亲)共229条。
经语料规范化处理后,修正异体字、繁体字(如“痿躃”统一为“痿躄”,“軃曳”统一为“亸曳”,“痿蹷”统一为“痿蹶”)共434处。
补全纳入的古籍条文信息,条文格式规范为“年代-作者-书名-章节-原文”,完成“肌少症古籍文献语料库”的构建。语料库部分内容见表1。
从“肌少症古籍文献语料库”中提取肌少症相关中医术语154个,其中病名术语61个、症状术语93个。部分结果见表2、表3。
61个病名术语中包含首选术语26个、同义术语35个;93个症状术语中包含首选术语38个、同义术语55个。例如,病名“肉痿”为首选术语,其同义术语为肌痿、脾痿;病名“腲腿”为首选术语,其同义术语为腲腿风、猥退;症状“肉缓”为首选术语,其同义术语为缓膲、宛膲;症状“手足不遂”为首选术语,其同义术语为手足不随。
根据肌少症诊断标准对上述首选术语进行词义辨析,最终纳入病名术语15个、症状术语17个。结果见表4,表5。
根据适用性评估原则从上述32个术语中选取词义与肌少症诊断标准高度契合、不存在歧义、无生僻字的术语,得到肌少症推荐术语14个。例如,“肉极”作为虚劳重症“六极”之一,特点为“大肉尽脱,瘦削无力”,符合肌少症诊断标准①②③,可视为重度肌少症。“肉极”最早见于唐代孙思邈《备急千金要方·脾脏方》,其同义术语“肌极”最早见于隋代巢元方《诸病源候论·虚劳病诸候》,该术语定义清晰,高度契合肌少症诊断标准,且不存在歧义、无生僻字,故经评估后选为推荐病名术语。
对推荐的5个病名术语、9个症状术语制定释义,完成肌少症术语规范化。结果见表6,表7。
肌少症以肌肉质量减少、功能减退为特点,症状表现为肌肉萎缩、力量下降、运动能力减弱,与年龄增长、营养不良、慢性疾病等因素密切相关。中医学多将肌少症归于“痿证”“虚劳”范畴,认为病位在肌肉,与脾密切相关;病机为脏器衰败,气血亏虚或邪气阻滞,导致肌肉失于濡养,渐至痿弱不用[19]。本研究遵循术语规范化原则,从中医古籍文献中选取5个病名术语(肉痿、肢痿、肉极、脱肉、肉烁)及9个症状术语(肉消、肉缓、肉陷、破、解、亸曳、四肢不收、四肢不举、手足不遂)作为肌少症中医规范化推荐术语。
肌少症的发病与肉、筋、骨关系密切。“肉”由脾所主,是肢体运动的基础。《素问·五脏生成》云:“脾主运化水谷之精,以养肌肉,故主肉。”“肉”类似解剖学中的肌肉组织,主导运动发生;“筋”由肝所主,司肢体力量,调整关节屈伸。《素问·痿论》云:“宗筋主束骨而利机关也。”《说文解字》云:“筋,肉之力也。”筋是肌肉力量的汇聚所在,是肢体运动的附属结构,类似解剖学中的肌腱、韧带等,联结骨骼和活动关节;骨由肾所主,固定身形,协同运动。《灵枢·经脉》云:“骨为干。”“骨”类似解剖学中的骨骼,承担躯体的支撑作用[20-21]。研究表明,肉、筋、骨的异常会引起多种肌骨系统病症,如四肢不举、行步不正、身重、痿证等[22-24]。有学者认为,肉、筋、骨三者关系密切,治疗肌骨系统疾病时应将其视为整体[25],如治疗骨关节退行性疾病时不能仅限于局部病灶,应采取对周围筋肉组织退变的防治。因此,本研究选取肉、筋、骨相关词汇为检索词,能够全面、系统地收集肌少症相关古籍条文。
关于肌少症的病名,目前多归于“痿证”或“虚劳”等范畴。痿证泛指一类以肢体痿弱不用为主要表现的疾病,临床上将肌肉营养不良症、重症肌无力、运动神经元病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症等病症归于痿证范畴,可见,以痿证作为肌少症中医病名有待商榷。痿证包括“五痿”(痿躄、脉痿、筋痿、肉痿、骨痿)及痿痹、腲腿风、骨蚀[26];其中,肉痿与痿痹(肢痿)两者病机都以“肌肉失养”为核心,主症皆见“肌肉消瘦,四肢痿软无力”,更符合肌少症诊断标准,因此,肉痿、肢痿相比痿证更契合肌少症特点。虚劳是一类以脏腑功能衰退、气血阴阳亏损为主要病理过程的慢性、虚弱性证候的总称,以全身机能衰退为特点。临床上将慢性消耗性疾病归于虚劳范畴,如再生障碍性贫血、慢性肾功能衰竭、甲状腺功能减退、慢性疲劳综合征等,可见以虚劳作为肌少症中医病名有待探讨。虚劳包含五劳、六极、七伤,其中,肉极作为虚劳重症“六极”之一,特点为“大肉尽脱,瘦削无力”,符合肌少症,特别是重度肌少症的特征,相比虚劳更契合肌少症特点。脱肉的特点为“大肉陷下,瘦削如脱”,与肉极类似符合重度肌少症的特征;肉烁的特点为“肌肉消烁不荣,四肢发热,痿软无力”,符合肌少症特征的同时兼有热象。综上,肉痿、肢痿、肉极作为肌少症病名术语更加合理、精确;肉痿、肢痿可对应轻度肌少症,肉极、脱肉可对应重度肌少症,肉烁可对应肌少症兼热证。
本研究提出了一系列内容全面、归类清晰的症状推荐术语。肌少症以肌肉萎缩、握力减弱、体质量下降、步速减慢、跌倒风险增高等为主要临床表现[1]。研究优先推荐符合多项诊断标准的典型术语,如解、亸曳、四肢不收、四肢不举;部分特征与肌少症不相关的术语则不予推荐,如肉苛,其特点之一为“肌肉麻木不仁”与肌少症无关;存在生僻字、不利于学术传播的术语,推荐用近义术语替代,如尪羸意为“消瘦见骨,肌肉几近消失”,肉陷意为“肌肉消瘦低陷,骨节显露,瘦削如脱”,二者词义相近,故推荐不含生僻字的肉陷替代尪羸。此外,本研究参考肌少症诊断标准对症状术语进行系统归类,有效解决了既往肌少症症状归类混乱、内容繁杂的问题,为术语标准化与后续研究提供了参考。
本研究制定了内容翔实的术语释义,提示肌少症的发病与肝、脾、肾三脏关系密切。如肉痿与脱肉皆因“脾虚失运,不能输精以濡养肌肉”所致,体现了中医“脾主肌肉”的思想;如肉极因“津血虚耗,荣卫失度,不能流利机关”所致,反映了气血津液不足致肢体失养的病理过程。肌肉的生长与功能离不开肝、脾、肾三脏的作用:脾运化水谷精微,散精于四脏,充养四肢百骸,使肌肉丰盈有力;肾藏精主骨,精髓充盈则骨骼坚固;肝主筋司运动,筋力强健则活动自如。肌少症患者多因久病或年老脏腑虚损,气血津液亏耗,肝、脾、肾功能失司,致肌肉失养、宗筋不润、骨枯髓减,引发肢体痿软不用。本研究提示“肝脾肾三脏虚损,肉筋骨失养消烁”可能是肌少症发病的基础。
中医术语规范化是中医古籍文献挖掘与研究的基础,能有效提升临床信息采集效率与科研数据挖掘质量,对学术交流、教学及科研具有重要意义。术语的规范化并非是对术语名称的简单统一,实质是对术语内涵的深入辨析与系统界定。本研究尚有不足之处:一是本研究采用人工标注的方式提取术语,存在主观因素干扰,后续应充分利用计算机、人工智能等现代科技手段提升研究效率与精确性;二是本研究尚未结合中医证素与证候分布特征的临床研究,后续需开展相关研究加以完善。本研究对古籍文献中的肌少症相关术语展开系统搜集、整理与规范化工作,为中医准确认识肌少症提供理论依据,以期为中医药诊疗体系的完善奠定坚实的基础。

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doi: 10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2025.12.393
  • 接收时间:2025-06-13
  • 首发时间:2026-10-10
  • 出版时间:2025-12-10
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-13
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    1河南中医药大学中医学院(仲景学院),河南郑州 450046
    2河南中医药大学中西医防治重大疾病河南省协同创新中心,河南郑州 450046
    3河南中医药大学豫药全产业链研发河南省协同创新中心,河南郑州 450046

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张振强(1971-),男,医学博士,教授,博士研究生导师,主要从事中医药防治衰老相关疾病研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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