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Aiming at the issues of poor soil structure, insufficient nutrient supply, and low potato yield in the agro-pastoral ecotone in the Northern piedmont of Yinshan Mountain, Inner Mongolia, a two-year field randomized block experiment was conducted. Taking conventional fertilization as the control (CK), three treatments were set up, including chemical fertilizer reduction combined with sheep manure (NPK+SD), chemical fertilizer reduction combined with biochar (NPK+B), and chemical fertilizer reduction combined with microbial fertilizer (NPK+MF). The dynamic changes of leaf area index (LAI), SPAD value, photosynthetic performance, plant nutrient accumulation and dry matter accumulation of potato plants under different treatments were compared and analyzed. The results showed that during the tuber bulking, NPK+MF treatment significantly improved LAI and leaf photosynthetic performance of potato, with leaf SPAD value significantly increased by 8.04% compared to CK, and no significant difference compared to NPK+SD and NPK+B treatments. The net photosynthetic rate of NPK+MF treatment was significantly increased by an average of 11.31%, 7.66%, and 4.92% compared to CK, NPK+SD, and NPK+B treatments, respectively. Under the NPK+MF treatment, with the growth process of potato, plant nutrients are transported from stems and leaves to tubers, and the accumulation of N, P, and K in potato leaves, stems, roots, and tubers were significantly increased. During the late stage of potato growth, the distribution ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the tubers increased by 90.58%, 178.78% and 226.06%, respectively. The yield of NPK+MF treatment was the best, with an average of 40 054 kg/ha, which was 25.58% higher than that of CK. This experiment identified that chemical fertilizer reduction combined with microbial fertilizer was an effective fertilization method for soil fertility improvement and efficient utilization of soil and fertilizer resources in the agro-pastoral ecotone of the northern piedmont of Yinshan Mountain.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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