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To address the issues of soil structure deterioration, decreased organic carbon content, and low maize yield caused by soil wind erosion in semi-arid aeolian sandy regions, a long-term field positioning experiment was conducted in Durbod Mongolian Autonomous County, Heilongjiang Province. Four treatments were established: rotary tillage with ridging (CK), no-tillage with straw mulching for one year (T1), continuous no-tillage with straw mulching for three years (T2), and continuous no-tillage with straw mulching for seven years (T3). The effects of each treatment on soil aggregate distribution characteristics, organic carbon accumulation, and maize yield across different soil layers were analyzed. The results showed that in the 0-30 cm soil layer, compared with the other treatments, the T3 treatment significantly reduced soil bulk density and significantly increased soil moisture content. Meanwhile, the T3 treatment enhanced the percentage of >0.25 mm water-stable aggregates, the organic carbon content, and the contribution rate within these aggregates, while also increasing the mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter. No-tillage with straw mulching significantly increased maize yield, with the increase ranging from 14.98% to 39.54% compared with the CK treatment. In summary, no-tillage combined with straw mulching helps improve soil aggregate stability, the organic carbon content of aggregates across all size classes, and maize yield in semi-arid areas, with the T3 treatment yielding the best results.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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