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To understand the quality and breeding strategies of nationally approved strong and medium-strong gluten wheat varieties in the Huang-Huai Wheat Region in recent years (2020-2024), cluster analysis based on the coefficient of parentage was performed, combined with a comprehensive analysis of pedigree information and quality traits. The results showed that the number of approved strong and medium-strong gluten wheat varieties in the Huang-Huai Wheat Region showed a yearly increasing trend from 2020 to 2024. The breeding capabilities of companies and research institutes were comparable, with their developed varieties accounting for 43.3% and 45.0% of the total number of varieties, respectively. The overall coefficient of parentage among varieties was low, with an average of 0.0640; however, parental utilization was relatively concentrated, with varieties primarily derived from ten core strong-gluten parents. Different parents exhibited varying focuses on the improvement of quality indicators. The breeding of strong-gluten wheat varieties mainly adopted the single-cross design of “high-quality variety/high-quality variety”. Breeding of strong-gluten wheat should emphasize the utilization of exotic high-quality varieties and wild relatives of wheat to create elite germplasm in the future. In the short term, newly developed elite strong-gluten germplasms such as Zhongmai 578 and Jimai 44 should be more extensively utilized to broaden the genetic base.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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