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Microbial agents are a novel type of fertilizer that can promote the growth and development of plant roots, and they have an important impact on improving nutrient absorption and yield formation in crops. However, their effects on rice grain quality remain unclear. This study used two conventional japonica rice varieties, Nanjing 9108 and Huaidao 5, as experimental materials to investigate the effects of two microbial agents of Bacillus subtilis (BS) and Trichoderma harzianum (TH) on rice grain quality under field cultivation conditions. The results showed that compared with the treatment without microbial agent (CK), the application of the BS and TH had no significant effect on the processing quality of rice. However, the BS treatment reduced the chalkiness rate by 5.5%-5.7% in Nanjing 9108 and 6.3%-7.2% in Huaidao 5, with a slightly decrease in chalkiness degree. The TH treatment significantly reduced the chalkiness rate by 7.7%-12.0% in Nanjing 9108 and 9.3%-11.1% in Huaidao 5, while the chalkiness degree decreased significantly by 10.3%-10.6% and 12.4%-12.5%, respectively. In a two-year experiment, the BS treatment decreased the taste value of two varieties to varying degrees, while the TH treatment increased it, reaching a significant level in 2022. Additionally, after microbial agent application, the amylose content of the rice decreased, while gel consistency and protein content increased. The peak viscosity and breakdown value of rice flour increased, whereas the setback value decreased. In conclusion, the application of B. subtilis and T. harzianum microbial agents contributed to improving the appearance and nutritional quality of rice. Furthermore, T. harzianum also enhanced the taste value of rice.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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