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The increasing frequency of drought and heatwaves due to global climate change poses a severe threat to desert vegetation. However，the mechanisms by which desert shrubs coordinate hydraulic safety and thermal-tolerance to cope with compound drought-heat stress remain unclear. Five sympatric Tamarix species in the arid region of Northwest China were investigated in this study. By combining 24 h field measurements of gas exchange parameters and leaf water potential with the determinations of physiological traits（xylem embolism vulnerability（P50），turgor loss point（Ψtlp），and semi-lethal high temperature（LT50）），we systematically evaluated their adaptive strategies. The results showed that：（1）There was significant interspecific differentiation in drought and heat resistance among the five species. Tamarix hispida exhibited the strongest embolism resistance（P50=-2.20 MPa） and thermal tolerance（LT50=66.5 ℃），while T. hohenackeri showed the highest gas exchange rates but the weakest resistance. （2）Thermal tolerance（LT50） was significantly negatively correlated with embolism resistance（P50） and significantly positively correlated hydraulic safety margins（HSM），confirming a high degree of coordinated adaptation rather than a trade-off between hydraulic safety and thermal tolerance in desert plants. （3）Principal Component Analysis（PC1 explained 92.4%） revealed a continuous spectrum of adaptive strategies：ranging from an “Acquisitive-Cooling” strategy represented by T.hohenackeri，to a “Conservative-Tolerance” strategy represented by T.hispida. This study reveals niche differentiation mechanisms based on hydraulic-thermal coupling and highlights the importance of prioritizing species with “Conservative-Tolerance” strategies for vegetation restoration under future hotter and drier climate scenarios.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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