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Light is an indispensable environmental factor for plant growth and development. However，UV-B radiation interferes with normal growth processes，causing oxidative damage and inhibiting photosynthesis. To explore the morphological and physiological characteristics and underlying mechanisms of poplars to UV-B stress，dioecious Populus cathayana were used as materials. The cuttings were subjected to UV-B stress alone or combined with exogenous applications of exogenous phytohormones（indole-3-acetic acid（IAA），1-aminocyclo-propanecarboxylic acid（ACC），methyl jasmonate（MeJA），salicylic acid（SA） and melatonin（MT））. A series of indictors were conducted，including leaf photosynthetic parameters，antioxidant activities，hormone contents，relative expression levels of related genes，anthocyanin contents in stems and leaves，as well as principal component analysis（PCA）. Results showed that under UV-B stress，the net photosynthetic efficiency decreased，and the reactive oxygen species（ROS） molality increased in P.cathayana leaves，with male exhibiting stronger tolerance to UV-B than female P.cathayana. Exogenous hormone applications alleviated UV-B stress-induced damage by improving leaf photosynthetic performance and regulating ROS homeostasis. Specifically，IAA，ACC，and MT treatments exerted more pronounced alleviating effects on female than that on male P.cathayana under UV-B stress. SA application significantly reduced the H2O2 content in leaves. MeJA application promoted organ anthocyanin accumulation，decreased leaf H2O2 content，and enhanced net photosynthetic efficiency and UV-B tolerance on P. cathayana. In addition，the relative expression levels of PtrJAZ1/2/3/5/9 genes were significantly upregulated under both UV-B stress and MeJA treatment，suggesting that these genes may act as key regulators in the JA signaling pathway，mediating anthocyanin synthesis and stress responses. In conclusion，males displayed greater physiological plasticity and stress resistance potential than female P. cathayana under UV-B radiation stress. This study provides practical insights for stress-resistant plant cultivation and hormone regulation in practices.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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