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This study adopted a two-factor （cultivar and waterlogging） completely randomized design to elucidate the responses of poplar trees to waterlogging stress. One-year-old seedlings of five main poplar cultivars-Populus deltoides ‘Xianglin 90’（XL90），P. deltoides ‘Jianghuai No.1’（JH1），P. deltoides ‘Wanlin No.1’（WL1），P. deltoides ‘Zhonghe 1’（2025），and P. deltoides ‘Nanyang 1’（Juba）-were subjected to three treatments：normal irrigation（CK），shallow waterlogging（DSY），and deep waterlogging（GSY）. Growth indices and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were systematically measured，and the carbon（C），nitrogen（N），and phosphorus（P） contents as well as their stoichiometric ratios in leaves，stems，and roots were analyzed. The results showed that waterlogging stress significantly reduced the survival rate of all cultivars and inhibited the growth of tree height and basal diameter. Significant differences in waterlogging tolerance were observed among the cultivars：XL90 exhibited a relatively higher survival rate（67%） and better growth performance under GSY；Juba showed the highest survival rate（83%） under DSY but was sensitive to GSY；JH1，WL1，and 2025 experienced severe growth inhibition under both waterlogging treatments，and their mean growth parameters under DSY might be biased by individual variation due to low survival rates. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed that the GSY treatment significantly decreased the actual photochemical efficiency（ΦPSⅡ） and photochemical quenching coefficient（qP） in all cultivars，whereas qP under DSY did not decrease significantly compared with CK. Waterlogging stress significantly altered the C，N，and P contents in various organs，manifested by increased leaf C content，decreased leaf N content（except for WL1），and increased N content in stems and roots. Except for JH1，the P content in roots showed an increasing trend. Stoichiometric analysis indicated that for most cultivars，leaf C∶N and N∶P ratios were changed significantly with increasing waterlogging intensity，while the response of C∶P exhibited clearly cultivar-specific difference. Comprehensive evaluation indicated that the waterlogging tolerance of the five poplar cultivars was ranked as XL90>Juba>2025>JH1>WL1. This study elucidated the mechanisms underlying cultivar differences in responding to waterlogging stress from the perspectives of photosynthetic physiology and ecological stoichiometry.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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