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To effectively prevent and control peanut pod rot, samples showing typical symptoms were collected from Qinghe Town, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia. The pathogens were isolated and purified using the single-spore isolation method. The obtained strains were identified with morphological and molecular biological techniques, and the toxicities of ten fungicides from succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI), quinone outside inhibitor (QoI), and demethylation inhibitor (DMI) against dominant pathogens were determined, fungicides with high toxicity were further determined for their efficacy. A total of 11 fungal strains were obtained via single-spore isolation. Morphological and molecular identification revealed that three strains were identified as Fusarium solani and eight as Botrytis cinerea, accounting for 27.27% and 72.73%, respectively. Botrytis cinerea was the predominant pathogen (with average disease severity indices of 55.09 for peanut pods and 12.50 for peanut kernels). Among SDHI, QoI, and DMI fungicides, benzovindiflupyr, pyraclostrobin, and mefentrifluconazole exhibited the highest inhibition rates against B. cinerea. In vitro tissue experiments revealed that the protective efficacy of 100 mg/L mefentrifluconazole, pyraclostrobin, and benzovindiflupyr against peanut pod rot was 60.16%, 76.42%, and 65.85%, respectively; their corresponding curative efficacy was 58.54%, 81.30%, and 68.29%, respectively. These results were comparable to those of the reference fungicide procymidone. The results showed that mefentrifluconazole, pyraclostrobin, and benzovindiflupyr could be used to prevent and control peanut pod rot.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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