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This study aims to investigate the antifungal secondary metabolites produced by the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. FH-1 isolated from Valeriana officinalis via a high-salt rice medium. Compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel and ODS column chromatography, semi-preparative HPLC, and other techniques. The chemical structures were elucidated through analysis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR), and mass spectrometry (MS). The inhibitory effects of all the compounds against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were evaluated via the mycelial growth rate method. Eight compounds were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of Aspergillus sp. FH-1. They were identified as asperchoried A (1), butyrolactone Ⅱ (2), isobutyrolactone Ⅱ (3), aspernolide A (4), butyrolactone Ⅴ (5), clavatone (6), 1-hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-3-methylanthracene-9,10-dione (7), and (S) -7-methoxy-2, 5-dimethyl-2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-ol (8). Among them, compound 1 is a novel chlorinated butanolide derivative and was designated asperchoried A. Compounds 1, 2, 6, and 7 possessed inhibitory effects on C. gloeosporioides, with EC50 values of 15.08, 77.19, 89.94, and 62.02 μg·mL-1, respectively.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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