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Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by refractoriness and recurrence. In China, the prevalence rate is 0.4%-0.7%, with currently over nine million patients, among whom approximately 30% suffer from refractory epilepsy. Although antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of treatment, they are associated with multi-system adverse reactions and drug resistance issues. In contrast, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment exhibits significant efficacy with lower toxicity and side effects, and integrated TCM and western medicine treatment can achieve complementary advantages. Studies have shown that integrated therapy demonstrates benefits in various types of epilepsy, including status epilepticus, post-stroke epilepsy, post-traumatic epilepsy, pediatric epilepsy, refractory epilepsy, and epilepsy comorbid with depression and anxiety. It exerts synergistic effects by enhancing AED bioavailability (borneol improves blood-brain barrier permeability), reducing seizure frequency, preventing recurrence, and minimizing western medicine toxicity (Dingxian Decoction decreases digestive/neurological adverse reactions). The underlying mechanisms involve regulating neurotransmitters (modulating glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid levels) and ion channels (inhibiting sodium/calcium ion channels). In terms of preventive care, TCM plays an important role in preventing epileptic seizures by correcting biased constitutional states. In the future, integrated TCM and western medicine in epilepsy prevention and treatment will move toward individualized treatment, etiological treatment, preventive rehabilitation, and integration of scientific research with clinical practice, forming a three-dimensional development pattern of "technology empowerment, standard guidance, and whole-process management".
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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