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The chemical constituents from Sanguisorba officinalis were isolated and purified through macroporous resin, silica gel, polyamide, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were determined by extensive analysis of data from MS, NMR, OR, and calculated NMR and ECD. Twenty-six compounds (1-26) were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of S. officinalis and identified as (1S, 4S, 5R, 7S, 10R, 11R)-1α, 11, 12-trihydroxy-eudesmane (1), vomifolilol (2), (3S, 5R, 6R, 7E)-3, 5, 6-trihydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one (3), threo-1, 2-bis- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propane-1, 3-diol (4), erythro-1, 2-bis- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propane-1, 3-diol (5), phenylformic acid (6), vanillic acid (7), veratric acid (8), 3, 4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxybenzoic acid (9), 4- (1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-benzoic acid (10), p-hydrocoumaric acid (11), 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (12), ω-hydroxypropioguaiacone (13), cytosporone V (14), indazole (15), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (16), 7, 8-dimethyl-iso-alloxazine (17), (-)-jasmonic acid (18), 12-hydroxyjasmonic acid (19), (-)-methyl 12-hydroxyjasmonate (20), 5-hydroxyhexan-4-olide (21), (8R*, 9R*, 10S*, 6Z)-trihydroxyoctadec-6-enoic acid (22), (9S, 10R, 11E, 13R)-9, 10, 13-trihydroxyoctadec-11-enoic acid (23), methyl (9S, 10R, 11E, 13R)-9, 10, 13-trihydroxyoctadec-11-enoate (24), pinellic acid (25), and (9E)-8, 11, 12-trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid methyl ester (26). Compound 1 was a new eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid and named sanguisorbaol M. Compounds 3-5, 8, 10, 14-17, 19-23, 25, and 26 were isolated from Rosaceae for the first time. Compounds 2, 11, 12, 18, and 24 were firstly isolated from the genus Sanguisorba and compound 6 was isolated from S. officinalis for the first time. The inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds on melanin synthesis were evaluated via the 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)-induced B16F10 melanoma cell model. The results showed that compounds 1-3 at a concentration of 50 μmol·L-1 had a significant anti-melanogenic activity.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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