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Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is one of the important reasons for the failure of drug development, and it is urgent to establish methods to screen the impact of drugs on the heart in the early stage. However, the traditional drug safety evaluation models are unable to meet the requirements of drug development. Therefore, the development of efficient and inexpensive drug safety evaluation and mechanism study models are very important for the development of new drugs and rational clinical application of drugs. In recent years, in addition to traditional animal models, the zebrafish, Drosophila,and Caenorhabditis elegans have been used for drug safety research. Based on transgenic technology, humanized animal models with gene expression profiles and regulation similar to that of humans can be established, and the development and application of such models can be used to solve the problem of species differences in drug research. In addition, non-animal methods such as organ chips, organoids, and network toxicology have also been developed. The novel cardiac safety evaluation models would be helpful for drug cardiotoxicity prevention and treatment, as well as drug development.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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