The efficacy of interleukin (IL)-2 in tumor immunotherapy is remarkable, but its adverse reactions greatly limit its further clinical application. In recent years, researchers have tried to improve or regulate the receptor selectivity of IL-2, that is, selectively bias the activation of IL-2Rβγ and reduce or even completely do not bind to IL-2Rα, so as to preferentially activate CD8+ T cells with tumor killing function and maximize the immune activation of IL-2. The main development strategies of receptor biased IL-2 include polyethylene glycol chemical modification and site-specific mutation technology. Currently, the drugs under research include NKTR-214, THOR-707, SHR-1916, TransConIL-2β/γ, 8MW2311,RG7461, FSD13, IBI363, etc. But none of them have been successfully developed yet. Further in-depth research on their mechanisms of action is required, or various drug development strategies need to be used in combination.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |