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Alzheimer’s disease （AD） is a slowly progressive degenerative disease of the central nervous system, and its incidence, prevalence and mortality are increasing year by year. At present, there is no cure for AD, mainly sympotomatic treatment with drugs, including cholinesterase inhibitors and megaline, but these drugs can only relieve clinical symptoms,but can not stop or reverse the development of AD. Aducanumab and lecanemab are targeted drugs developed for amyloid β-protein （Aβ） plaques in the brain in recent years, but they have not been fully popularized, and the safety and effectiveness of drugs need to be further verified. Sodium oligomannate is an innovative drug developed in China for the treatment of mild to moderate AD patients. It mainly improves cognitive function by regulating gut microbiota-brain axis. Other possible mechanisms include reducing brain Aβ deposition and tau protein phosphorylation, activating intestinal endocrine cell-vagus afferent pathway, inhibiting intracranial neuritidine, etc. With the clinical application of sodium oligomannate, more evidence shows that sodium oligomannate can not only improve the cognitive function of AD patients, but also have certain effects on the behavioral and psychiatric symptoms and daily living ability of patients. Combined treatment with other drugs may improve the clinical efficacy and reduce adverse reactions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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