To investigate the mediating role of children's sleep quality in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children, providing a reference for promoting the development of the executive function of preschool children.

A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 842 preschoolers from 12 kindergartens in Wuhu City, Anhui Province in December 2021 as the subjects of the first follow-up study with follow-up every six months thereafter. Finally, 746 children were included in the study after 3 follow-up. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the associations among mother-child relationship, sleep quality and executive function in preschool children. Bootstrap program and PROCESS software were applied to test the mediating effect of sleep quality in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children.

Conflictual mother-child relationship was positively correlated with the total score of executive function, as well as scores of inhibitory, shifting, emotional control, working memory, and organizational planning (r=0.40, 0.37, 0.36, 0.41, 0.38, 0.34, all P < 0.05). Dependent mother-child relationship was positively correlated with the total score of executive function, as well as scores of inhibitory, shifting, emotional control, working memory, and organizational planning (r=0.23, 0.20, 0.21, 0.22, 0.22, 0.19, all P < 0.05). Sleep quality was positively correlated with the total executive function score (r=0.27, P < 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, sleep quality played a partial mediating role in the associations between dependent and conflictual mother-child relationships and executive function, the mediating effects were 19.40% and 11.22% respectively.

Sleep quality plays a mediating role in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children. Improving sleep quality in the early stage can promote the executive function of preschool children.

To explore the association between the joint association of screen time on weekdays and weekends with self-rated sleep quality among adolescents, providing scientific basis for improving adolescent sleep health.

Using data from "Huantai Children's Cardiovascular Health Follow-up Cohort" survey conducted during November to December 2023, a total of 1 197 adolescents aged 12-17 years with complete demographic characteristics, physical measurements, and questionnaire data were included. The dose-response relationship between screen time and sleep quality was evaluated by restrictive cubic splines (RCS). Based on screen time on weekdays and weekends (normal: < 2 h/d; excessive: ≥ 2 h/d), adolescents were categorized into 4 groups. Multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between the combined effect of screen time on weekdays and weekends and sleep quality.

The RCS analysis results showed that there was a linear dose-response relationship between average daily screen time and poor sleep quality in adolescents (non-linear P>0.05). The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that adjusting for potential covariates, compared with adolescents having normal screen time on both weekdays and weekends, those with excessive screen time on both weekdays and weekends had increased risk of poor sleep quality (OR=2.51, 95%CI=1.33-4.62, P < 0.01). Sex-stratified analysis revealed that girls with excessive screen time on both weekdays and weekends had increased odds of poor sleep quality (OR=3.03, 95%CI=1.23-7.14, P=0.01), compared to girls who had normal screen time on both weekdays and weekends.

A linear dose-response relationship exists between daily screen time and poor sleep quality in adolescents. Excessive screen time on both weekdays and weekends is positively associated with poor sleep quality, particularly more pronounced among female adolescents.

To explore the association between the Internet usage characteristics and suicidal ideation among vocational high school students, so as to provide a theoretical basis for precise intervention of suicide among vocational high school students.

A total of 1 781 students were recruited from three vocational high schools in Wuhan and Xianning in March 2023 by using the cluster random sampling method. The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale and Revised Chen Internet Addiction Scale were used to measure suicidal ideation and Internet addiction, respectively. LASSO regression model was used to select influential factors related to suicidal ideation, and the gradient boosting decision tree algorithm XGBoost was used to develop prediction models and evaluate predictive performance. By calculating the SHAP values, the contribution of each influential factor was quantified.

The prevalence of suicidal ideation among vocational high school students was 42.22% and prevalence of Internet addiction was 26.39%. LASSO regression results indicated that age, gender, experience of being left behind, parental relationship, holding a class cadre position, using the Internet for learning, Internet use during dawn, morning and late night, Internet addiction, and depressive symptoms were all the influential factors of suicidal ideation among vocational high school students (β=-0.05, 0.29, 0.09, 0.27, 0.10, -0.01, 0.09, 0.05, 0.24, 0.28, 0.78, all P < 0.05). The AUC of the prediction model was 0.75. The results based on SHAP values indicated that all influential factors identified through multivariate analysis contributed positively to the model predictions (SHAP>0). Among these, depressive symptoms and parental relationship had the greatest impact on suicidal ideation (SHAP=0.77, 0.26), and the joint effect of features with higher contribution could improve the prediction probability.

Depressive symptoms, parental relationships, Internet addiction, and time of Internet use are most important risk factors of suicidal behaviors for vocational high school students. Thus, effective interventions should be conducted to reduce their suicidal ideation.

To investigate the association of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in adolescents, and to provide scientific evidence for the early screening and intervention strategy of cardiac structure damage.

Data were obtained from the third follow-up survey (October 2023) of the "Huantai Childhood Cardiovascular Health Cohort Study", including 1 156 healthy adolescents aged 12-17 with complete information. The sample population was stratified into low (Q1 group), medium (Q2 group), and high (Q3 group) ALT levels based on tertiles within the same gender and age groups. Inter-group comparisons were conducted using analysis of variance and trend test. A multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between ALT levels and LVH, and stratified analyses were performed by gender and age groups.

With the increase of ALT quantile level, the detection rate of LVH showed an increasing trend (Q1: 3.7%; Q2: 10.6%; Q3: 16.7%, Z=5.89, P < 0.01). After adjusting for potential covariates, compared with the ALT group (Q1), the group (Q3) increased the risk of developing LVH in adolescents (OR=2.09, 95%CI=1.21-4.12). Stratified analyses by age and sex showed a significant association only in boys and younger individuals aged 12 to 14 years [OR (95%CI) were 2.64(1.04-7.67) and 3.24(1.35-9.06), both P < 0.05)].

Elevated serum ALT levels are associated with an increased risk of LVH in adolescents, and early detection and control of abnormal liver enzyme levels can help reduce early vascular structural damage and prevent adverse cardiovascular events.

To compare the effects of aerobic exercise at maximal fat oxidation (FATmax) and FATmax intensity exercise combined with resistance training (RT), and dietary restriction on the body composition, vascular endothelial function and ferroptosis in obese female university students, so as to provide a reference for exploring the mechanisms by which exercise improves vascular endothelial function.

From February to May 2024, 70 obese female university students were recruited from Shanxi University and randomly divided into control group (n=24), FATmax group (n=24) and FATmax+RT group (n=22). From March 4 to May 26, 2024 control group maintained their normal living habits, FATmax group performed aerobic exercise at FATmax intensity three times per week for 60 minutes per session; FATmax +RT group performed combined aerobic and resistance exercise at FATmax intensity three times per week for 60 minutes per session. The daily dietary calorie intake for all groups was determined according to resting energy expenditure. Body composition, vascular endothelial function and ferroptosis were measured before and after the intervention.

After 12 weeks of intervention, there were statistically significant differences in body mass, BMI, body fat, waist-hip ratio and muscle mass among the three groups (F=10.93, 5.88, 65.28, 21.14, 2.25, all P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, participants in both the FATmax group and the FATmax+RT group showed significant reductions in body weight, BMI, body fat and waist-hip ratio (all P < 0.05). Body fat and waist-hip ratio in FATmax+RT group were lower than those in FATmax group, and muscle mass was higher than those in FATmax group and control group (both P < 0.05). After 12 weeks of intervention, significant differences were observed among the three groups in serum NO, GSH, serum ferritin levels and FMD (F=9.14, 9.67, 4.78, 135.70, all P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the serum NO, GSH levels and FMD significantly increased, and the serum ferritin level decreased (all P < 0.05) of obese female university students in FATmax group and FATmax+RT group. Serum GSH level and FMD increased and serum ferritin level decreased in FATmax +RT group when compared with FATmax group (all P < 0.05).

With the same exercise training duration and frequency, FATmax intensity aerobic exercise, alone or combined with resistance and dietary restriction, can significantly improve the body composition, vascular endothelial function and inhibit ferroptosis of obese female university students. However, FATmax intensity aerobic exercise combined with resistance training has more pronounced effects.

To understand the home reading-writing levels among children and adolescents in Shanghai after school, and to explore its association with screening myopia, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of myopia.

From April to December 2024, 641 primary and middle school students were recruited from 2 urban schools and 1 rural school in Shanghai to participate in the survey. An illuminance meter was used to measure the illuminance of home reading-writing activities after school. Screening myopia was determined through visual acuity examination and refractive detection under non ciliary muscle paralysis conditions among children and adolescents. A binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between home reading-writing illuminance and screening myopia.

The detection rate of screening myopia among children and adolescents in Shanghai was 59.9%. The median home reading-writing illuminance after school was 340.9(112.2, 753.5) lx, and 45.4% was found of less than 300 lx. The family illuminance in the primary school stage [432.0 (136.9, 837.0) lx] was higher than that in the junior high school stage [113.1(53.7, 375.1) lx], and main urban area group [503.9 (212.6, 969.5) lx] was higher than that in the rural group [141.6 (53.7, 416.9) lx], the differences were statistically significant (Z=-7.56, -9.95, both P < 0.05). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the family illuminance of 150-500 lx, children and adolescents with family illuminance < 150 and >500 lx had increased risks of screening myopia detection[OR(95%CI)=1.56(1.01-2.42), 1.74(1.15-2.62), both P < 0.05].

The home reading-writing illuminance after school is suboptimal. Both excessively low and high home reading-writing illuminance levels are associated with screen-detected myopia. It is necessary for children and adolescents to improve lighting conditions during evening reading-writing activities, and strengthen health education according to different regions and school stages.

To investigate the distribution of pupil diameter and its association with myopia in school-age children, providing ideas into the mechanisms of the role of pupil diameter in the onset and development of myopia.

Adopting a combination of stratified cluster random sampling and convenience sampling method, 3 839 children from six schools in Shandong Province were included in September 2021. Pupil diameters distribution was analyzed by age, sex, and myopic status. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between pupil diameter and cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE), as well as axial length (AL) and other variables. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to match myopic and non-myopic children at a 1∶1 ratio based on age and sex. A generalized linear model (GLM) was constructed with pupil diameter as the dependent variable to identify independent factors influencing pupil size and its association with myopia.

The mean pupil diameter of school-age children was (5.77±0.80)mm. Pupil diameter exhibited a significant increasing trend with age (F=49.34, P_trend < 0.01). Myopic children had a significantly larger mean pupil diameter compared to non-myopic children with a statistically significant difference(t=18.10, P < 0.01). Multivariable GLM analysis, adjusted for age, amplitude of accommodation, and uncorrected visual acuity, revealed a negative correlation between pupil diameter and cycloplegic SE (before PSM: β=-0.089, after PSM: β=-0.063, both P < 0.01).

Myopic school-age children exhibite larger pupil diameters than their non-myopic counterparts. Pupil diameter may serve as a potential indicator for monitoring myopia development in school-age children.

To investigate the coexistence of comorbidity of myopia, overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms among middle school students in Quzhou and its associated factors, so as to provide evidence for integrated prevention and control of common multiple health issues in students.

From September to November 2023, a total of 5 867 middle school students from 6 counties (cities and districts) in Quzhou City were selected by stratified random cluster sampling. Physical and visual examinations were conducted, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression Scale (CES-D) along with a questionnaire on health status and influencing factors were completed. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of coexistence of myopia, overweight/obesity, and depressive symptoms among middle school students, and a nomogram model was constructed based on the results.

A total of 161 middle school students in Quzhou City were identified as having comorbid myopia, overweight/ obesity and depressive symptoms, with a detection rate of 2.74%. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the coexistence of myopia, overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms increased among middle school students with older age (OR=1.11), a greater number unhealthy dietary behaviors (1, 2, ≥3; OR=2.40, 2.70, 4.63), insufficient sleep(OR=1.78) and alcohol consumption (OR=2.11)(all P < 0.05). Compared with no homework after class, those whose homework duration after class was 1 to < 2 hour had a lower risk of comorbidity of myopia, overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms (OR=0.53, P < 0.05). The results of the nomogram model showed that the AUC (95%CI) was 0.71 (0.67-0.74).

The coexistence of myopia, overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms among middle school students in Quzhou City is related to age, sleeping, alcohol consumption, poor dietary behavior and the duration of after-school homework. The nomogram model can assist in the early screening and intervention of multiple health issues among students.

To analyze the characteristics of alcohol poisoning cases among minors receiving pre-hospital 120 emergency services in Zhengzhou, providing evidence for regional management strategies of alcohol poisoning among minors.

A retrospective study was conducted on 1 630 alcohol poisoning cases (aged 0-18 years) from Zhengzhou's 120 emergency system during 2017-2019 and 2023. Data on gender, age, occurrence timeframes were analyzed using t-test and χ² test for intergroup comparisons.

Annual cases were 291 (2017), 353 (2018), 483 (2019), and 503 (2023). Compared with 2017, male alcohol poisoning cases increased by 66.94% while female cases surged 104.35% by 2023. The peak incidence of alcohol poisoning among minors occurred among 16-18-year-olds (85.40%), followed by 13-15-year-olds (13.74%). Most cases clustered between 21:01-03:00 (60.43%), with male cases peaking at 22:01-23:00 (12.73%) and female cases peaking at 02:01-03:00 (11.25%). Between 00:01-03:00, male cases progressively decreased while female cases increased. Severity distribution showed 355 mild cases (21.78%), 1 035 moderate cases (63.50%), and 240 severe cases (14.72%).

Zhengzhou region has experienced sustained growth in underage alcohol poisoning cases, predominantly occurring from evening to early morning with moderate severity, female cases demonstrate faster growth rates. Multifaceted regulatory measures should be implemented to strengthen supervision of underage drinking behaviors.