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To understand the current status of neglect among rural preschool children in Xi'an under the multi-child policy and the association with family characteristics, so as to provide a reference for preventing and reducing the occurrence of child neglect.
A total of 7 052 parents of preschool children were selected using stratified cluster sampling across 9 suburban counties/districts in Xi'an from March to April 2025.A questionnaire survey was administered using the Chinese Norm Scale for Neglect Assessment of Rural (Preschool) Children Aged 3-6.The t-test, Chi-quare test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for inter-group comparisons.
The overall prevalence rate and mean score of neglect among rural preschool-aged children in Xi'an were 32.4% and 38.27±6.70, respectively.Statistically significant differences were detected in neglect rates and neglect degrees among preschool children of different genders and grade levels (χ2=30.41, 15.15, t/F=4.92, 7.03, all P < 0.05).Statistically significant differences were also detected in neglect rates and neglect degrees among preschool children from whether only one-child, different family structures, numbers of children in a family and families with different annual incomes (χ2=29.22, 10.41, 31.99, 186.47, t/F=-9.96, 5.50, 33.57, 68.63, all P < 0.05).In multi-child families, there was a statistically significant difference in neglect degree among children with different birth orders (F=4.25, P < 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in neglect rate (χ2=5.73, P>0.05).Among all subgroups, the highest neglect rates and neglect degrees were observed in children from multi-child families (35.0%, 39.00±6.71), other family types (50.0%, 42.38±12.34) and families with three children (39.9%, 39.50±7.43).Lower annual family income was associated with higher neglect rates and neglect degrees among preschool children (χtrend2=186.47, F=270.68, both P < 0.05).
Under the multiple-child policy, the neglect of preschool children in rural areas of Xi'an is quite severe, particularly in families with multiple children and low-income households.Targeted interventions should be implemented for high-risk groups.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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