Full
Outline
The continuous cropping system in mixed single- and double-season rice areas provides an uninterrupted food supply for the overwintering and subsequent 2-3 generations of Chilo suppressalis (Walker), leading to increased pest populations and more severe crop damage. This study aimed to evaluate the control efficacy of an intelligent active aerosol dispenser for mating disruption against C. suppressalis in early and late rice.
A mating disruption plot and a farmer-managed control plot were established in a mixed single- and double-season rice area in Sanjie Town, Shengzhou, Zhejiang Province. On April 12, 2024 (eight days before rice transplanting), intelligent active aerosol dispensers were deployed in the mating disruption area. High doses of sex pheromone were released continuously during both early and late rice seasons to disrupt the mating behavior of C. suppressalis. Field surveys were conducted to monitor moth catches in pheromone traps, the percentage of damaged plants, and larval density. Natural enemies were sampled using malaise traps and suction samplers during the early and late rice seasons, respectively.
The mating disruption efficacy on C. suppressalis adults was 94.1% ± 0.02% for the overwintering generation, 78.6% ± 12.7% for the first generation, and 87.3% ± 0.01% for the second generation. The disrupted rates for non-target pests were 85.6% ± 0.07% for Sesamia inferens (Walker) in early rice and 79.2% ± 0.07% for Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée in late rice. During the early rice season, the technology reduced larval density of C. suppressalis by 71.5%-83.3% and the percentage of damaged plants by 59.4%-74.5%. Although natural enemy abundance did not differ significantly, the beneficial-to-pest ratio was markedly higher in the mating disruption plot (2470.6% ± 594.5%) than in the control plot (148.8% ± 38.4%). In the late rice season, larval density and plant damage of C. suppressalis were reduced by 80.7%-90.9% and 61.2%-89.6%, respectively, while the leaf rolling rate caused by C. medinalis decreased by 63.7%. Again, natural enemy populations showed no significant difference, but the beneficial-to-pest ratio was higher in the mating disruption area (333.3% ± 91.3%) than in the control (64.2% ± 24.9%).
The intelligent active aerosol dispenser effectively suppressed the larval population of C. suppressalis and reduced crop damage in the mixed cropping rice area. It also demonstrated significant control effects against S. inferens and C. medinalis. Furthermore, the technology had no adverse impact on natural enemy populations and resulted in a higher beneficial-to-pest ratio compared to conventional farmer practice.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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