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Outline
The formation of rice yield depends on the photosynthetic production capacity of the source organ (leaves), the storage capacity of assimilates in the sink organ (grains), the transport capacity of the flow (vascular bundle system), and the coordination of these three traits. Its regulation is influenced by both intrinsic and environmental factors. In recent years, with the innovation of physiological, biochemical, genetic, and molecular biology research methods, researchers have gradually revealed the molecular regulatory and interaction mechanisms underlying rice source organ development, sink capacity construction, and assimilate transport, as well as their response mechanisms to environmental and cultivation factors. This manuscript focuses on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of the formation and regulation of the source-flow-sink system and explores the synergistic regulatory effects of environmental factors, hormone signal transduction, and cultivation techniques on this system and yield formation. Finally, several research directions are proposed to improve rice yield by optimizing the source-flow-sink relationship through strategies such as genetic modification, mining and functional analysis of key genes and proteins, investigation of hormone interaction mechanisms, and dynamic coordination network analysis of the source-flow-sink system.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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